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Wood PL, Wood MD, Kunigelis SC. Pilot Lipidomics Study of Copepods: Investigation of Potential Lipid-Based Biomarkers for the Early Detection and Quantification of the Biological Effects of Climate Change on the Oceanic Food Chain. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:2335. [PMID: 38137936 PMCID: PMC10744631 DOI: 10.3390/life13122335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintenance of the health of our oceans is critical for the survival of the oceanic food chain upon which humanity is dependent. Zooplanktonic copepods are among the most numerous multicellular organisms on earth. As the base of the primary consumer food web, they constitute a major biomass in oceans, being an important food source for fish and functioning in the carbon cycle. The potential impact of climate change on copepod populations is an area of intense study. Omics technologies offer the potential to detect early metabolic alterations induced by the stresses of climate change. One such omics approach is lipidomics, which can accurately quantify changes in lipid pools serving structural, signal transduction, and energy roles. We utilized high-resolution mass spectrometry (≤2 ppm mass error) to characterize the lipidome of three different species of copepods in an effort to identify lipid-based biomarkers of copepod health and viability which are more sensitive than observational tools. With the establishment of such a lipid database, we will have an analytical platform useful for prospectively monitoring the lipidome of copepods in a planned long-term five-year ecological study of climate change on this oceanic sentinel species. The copepods examined in this pilot study included a North Atlantic species (Calanus finmarchicus) and two species from the Gulf of Mexico, one a filter feeder (Acartia tonsa) and one a hunter (Labidocerca aestiva). Our findings clearly indicate that the lipidomes of copepod species can vary greatly, supporting the need to obtain a broad snapshot of each unique lipidome in a long-term multigeneration prospective study of climate change. This is critical, since there may well be species-specific responses to the stressors of climate change and co-stressors such as pollution. While lipid nomenclature and biochemistry are extremely complex, it is not essential for all readers interested in climate change to understand all of the various lipid classes presented in this study. The clear message from this research is that we can monitor key copepod lipid families with high accuracy, and therefore potentially monitor lipid families that respond to environmental perturbations evoked by climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul L. Wood
- Metabolomics Unit, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, 6965 Cumberland Gap Pkwy., Harrogate, TN 37752, USA
| | - Michael D. Wood
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, BC Children’s and Women’s Hospital & Provincial Health Services Authority, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada;
| | - Stan C. Kunigelis
- Imaging and Analysis Center, DeBusk College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, 6965 Cumberland Gap Pkwy., Harrogate, TN 37752, USA;
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Wu Q, Niu M, Zhou C, Wang Y, Xu J, Shi L, Xiong H, Feng N. Formation and detection of biocoronas in the food industry and their fate in the human body. Food Res Int 2023; 174:113566. [PMID: 37986519 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
The rapid advancement of nanotechnology has opened up new avenues for applications in all stages of the food industry. Over the past decade, extensive research has emphasized that when nanoparticles (NPs) enter organisms, they spontaneously adsorbed biomolecules, leading to the formation of biocorona. This paper provided a detailed review of the process of biocorona formation in the food industry, including their classification and influencing factors. Additionally, various characterization methods to investigated the morphology and structure of biocoronas were introduced. As a real state of food industry nanoparticles in biological environments, the biocorona causes structural transformations of biomolecules bound to NPs, thus affecting their fate in the body. It can either promote or inhibit enzyme activity in the human environment, and may also positively or negatively affect the cellular uptake and toxicity of NPs. Since NPs present in the food industry will inevitably enter the human body, further investigations on biocoronas will offer valuable insights and perspectives on the safety of incorporating more NPs into the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China.
| | - Mengyao Niu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Chen Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Yaxiong Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Jianhua Xu
- Pinyuan (Suizhou) Modern Agriculture Development Co., LTD., Suizhou, Hubei 441300, China
| | - Lin Shi
- Wuhan Caidian District Public Inspection and Testing Center, Wuhan, Hubei 430100, China
| | - He Xiong
- Wuhan Caidian District Public Inspection and Testing Center, Wuhan, Hubei 430100, China
| | - Nianjie Feng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China.
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Řezanka T, Hršelová H, Kyselová L, Jansa J. Can cardiolipins be used as a biomarker for arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi? MYCORRHIZA 2023; 33:399-408. [PMID: 37814097 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-023-01129-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Specific biomarker molecules are increasingly being used for detection and quantification in plant and soil samples of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, an important and widespread microbial guild heavily implicated in transfers of nutrients and carbon between plants and soils and in the maintenance of soil physico-chemical properties. Yet, concerns have previously been raised as to the validity of a range of previously used approaches (e.g., microscopy, AM-specific fatty acids, sterols, glomalin-like molecules, ribosomal DNA sequences), justifying further research into novel biomarkers for AM fungal abundance and/or functioning. Here, we focused on complex polar lipids contained in pure biomass of Rhizophagus irregularis and in nonmycorrhizal and mycorrhizal roots of chicory (Cichorium intybus), leek (Allium porrum), and big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii). The lipids were analyzed by shotgun lipidomics using a high-resolution hybrid mass spectrometer. Size range between 1350 and 1550 Da was chosen for the detection of potential biomarkers among cardiolipins (1,3-bis(sn-3'-phosphatidyl)-sn-glycerols), a specific class of phospholipids. The analysis revealed a variety of molecular species, including cardiolipins containing one or two polyunsaturated fatty acids with 20 carbon atoms each, i.e., arachidonic and/or eicosapentaenoic acids, some of them apparently specific for the mycorrhizal samples. Although further verification using a greater variety of AM fungal species and samples from various soils/ecosystems/environmental conditions is needed, current results suggest the possibility to identify novel biochemical signatures specific for AM fungi within mycorrhizal roots. Whether they could be used for quantification of both root and soil colonization by the AM fungi merits further scrutiny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Řezanka
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 00, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Hršelová
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 00, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Kyselová
- Research Institute of Brewing and Malting, Lípová 511, 120 44, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Jansa
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 00, Prague 4, Czech Republic.
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