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Gao J, Su X, Lei P, Liang J, Ren B, Zhang Y, Ma X, Zhang Y, Ma W. HPLC-fluorescence detection for stability of harringtonine, and identification of degradation products by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 240:115927. [PMID: 38141415 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Harringtonine (HT) is an anticancer alkaloid early extracted and isolated from cephalotaxus fortunei Hook. f., also has various pharmacological activities such as antiviral, antibacterial, antimalarial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, herbicidal and insecticidal. However, the factors affecting the stability of HT, the main degradation sites and mechanisms involved in its disposal process in vivo have not yet been elucidated. This study utilized HPLC-fluorescence detection method to establish a simple quantitative detection method for HT with good accuracy, precision, and high sensitivity. Temperature and pH were the main factors affecting the stability of HT, which underwent significant degradation in high temperature and alkaline environments because of the occurrence of hydrolysis reactions. In isolated biological homogenates of SD rats, except gastrointestinal tract, HT was degraded in other sites, especially respiratory, mainly in airway and lungs, and systemic metabolism, mainly in livers, spleens, and kidneys. Through UPLC-Q-TOF-MS, three forced degradation products were identified as 4'-demethyl HT, cephalotaxine, and dehydrated HT, respectively. However, the degradation product in isolated biological homogenates of SD rats was only 4'-demethyl HT due to the relatively mild environment. Our findings contributed to a necessary study basis for HT in terms of structural optimization, dosage form selection, storage and transportation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiapan Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Xinyue Su
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Panpan Lei
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Jinna Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Bingxi Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yuxiu Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Xiaoyu Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yongjing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Weina Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
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Xu H, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Lou Q, Guan X, Jin J, Jin Q, Wang X. Characteristics of Cephalotaxus fortunei kernel oil and its digestion behaviors. Food Chem 2023; 426:136466. [PMID: 37352711 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
Cephalotaxus fortunei, a potential underutilized oil resource, contains various active ingredients that exert positive effects on human health. In the present study, characteristics of C. fortunei kernel oil and its digestion properties were systematically investigated. Results indicated that C. fortunei kernels contained high oil content (64.59%), of which over 90% was triacylglycerols (TAGs). The kernel oil was rich in oleic acid (C18:1n-9, 42.88%), linoleic acid (C18:2n-6, 31.05%), and sciadonic acid (C20:3n-6, 10.78%). The kernel oil also contained some beneficial fat-soluble nutrients, such as tocopherols (143 mg/kg) and phytosterols (1474 mg/kg). Thirty-five kinds of TAGs were identified, among which O-O-L (17.96%), O-O-O (12.12%), L-L-O (11.79%), O-L-Et (8.59%), and O-O-Et (8.76%) were the most abundant. In vitro digestion experiments showed that after 120 min of small intestine digestion, the maximum FFAs release level of the kernel oil was 75.02%, which was lower than that of soybean oil (89.63%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yandan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yiren Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Qiaoming Lou
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, 315211, China
| | | | - Jun Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Qingzhe Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xingguo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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3
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Zhang F, Yang T, Yang K, Zhou R, Zhang Y, Chen W, Liu Z, Zhan G, Guo Z. Cytotoxic alkaloids from the twigs and leaves of Cephalotaxus sinensis. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 21:169-178. [PMID: 36472149 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01980a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Twelve new Cephalotaxus alkaloids (1-12) and nine known analogues (13-21) were isolated and identified from the twigs and leaves of Cephalotaxus sinensis. The structures of the new compounds (1-12) were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Cephalosine H (8) is the third example of an alkaloid containing the cephalolancine skeleton. Cephalosines J and K (10 and 11) are the rare natural Δ(2)1-alkene-6-hydroxyl homoerythrina-type alkaloids isolated from the Cephalotaxus genus. The racemization of cephalotaxine-type alkaloids is discussed. Alkaloids 6, 7, 11, 16, 18 and 19 exhibited broad and potent cytotoxicities against five human cancer cell lines, with IC50 values ranging from 0.053 to 10.720 μM, highlighting these compounds as promising leads for the development of new antitumor agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuxin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, P. R. China.
| | - Tao Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, P. R. China.
| | - Kailing Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, P. R. China.
| | - Ruixi Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, P. R. China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, P. R. China.
| | - Wenwen Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, P. R. China.
| | - Zhetong Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, P. R. China.
| | - Guanqun Zhan
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, P. R. China.
| | - Zengjun Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, P. R. China.
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4
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Zhao CX, Liu H, Zhang X, Yang MY, Wang YT, Xing YJ, Hua JX, Zhang Q, Li DH, Bai J, Jing YK, Hua HM. Cephalotaxine-type and homoerythrina-type alkaloids with antiproliferative effects from Cephalotaxus fortunei. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:7076-7084. [PMID: 36004441 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01242a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Twenty-two cephalotaxine-type and ten homoerythrina-type alkaloids, including seven previously undescribed ones, were isolated from the twigs and leaves and the seed kernels of Cephalotaxus fortunei. Their structures were established by spectroscopic analysis, single crystal X-ray diffraction, and ECD calculation methods. Cephalofortunine A β-N-oxide (1) is the first nitrogen-oxidized homoerythrina-type alkaloid. The isolated compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antiproliferative effects against two human leukemia cell lines (THP-1 and K562). All compounds showed different levels of antiproliferation in THP-1 and K562 cells with GI50 values of 0.24-29.55 μM. Hainanensine (31) was the most active against two cancer cell lines with GI50 values of 0.24 ± 0.07, and 0.29 ± 0.01 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Xue Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, China.
| | - Hui Liu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 10016, PR China.
| | - Xin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, China.
| | - Meng-Yue Yang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, China.
| | - Yue-Tong Wang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 10016, PR China.
| | - Yi-Jia Xing
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, China.
| | - Jun-Xin Hua
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, China.
| | - Qin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, China.
| | - Da-Hong Li
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, China.
| | - Jiao Bai
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, China.
| | - Yong-Kui Jing
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 10016, PR China.
| | - Hui-Ming Hua
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, China.
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Yu GX, Wu J, Shi BB, Bao MF, Cai XH. Enantiomeric Cephalotaxus alkaloids from seeds of Cephalotaxus oliveri. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2022; 12:24. [PMID: 35778536 PMCID: PMC9249953 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-022-00344-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Five undescribed alkaloids were isolated from the seeds of Cephalotaxus oliveri along with 27 known ones. The new structures were elucidated based on spectroscopic data including 1D and 2D NMR, MS and calculated ECD spectra. Among them, (+)-acetylcephalofortine C was an enantiomeric Cephalotaxine alkaloids. The performed bioassay revealed that those alkaloids were not cytotoxic against cancer cells and had no neuroprotective properties in the HEI-OC-1 cells model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Xing Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Bao-Bao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei-Fen Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Hai Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China.
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