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Metsu D, Mille D, Pailly C, Oancea VG, Essemilaire L, Coppin D. Analytical assays and bootstrap resampling method to validate performance of the Roche Elecsys STAT highly sensitive troponin T assay and its application for the 'rule-out' part of ESC guidelines for NTSTEMI. Ann Clin Biochem 2024; 61:63-69. [PMID: 37525403 DOI: 10.1177/00045632231194449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines recommend a dynamic (0-1h) cardiac troponin (cTn) determination for non-ST elevation myocardial infarction diagnosis. For patients with low cTn levels, a discharge from emergency can be considered. Nevertheless, cTn cutoffs for discharge are lower than the limits of quantification proposed by laboratory reagent suppliers. AIM Validate cTn assay on the Elecsys STAT kit. MATERIALS AND METHODS Precision, trueness, repeatability and within-laboratory variability were calculated from internal quality control and plasma pooled at 5.78 and 10.73 ng/L. Accuracy was calculated from external quality control. Uncertainty of measurement was calculated from (i) the uncertainty of the standard and control values and (ii) by precision from pooled plasma. Distribution of precision results from pooled plasma has been evaluated by bootstrap simulations. Dilution linearity tests with patient plasma were performed to evaluate the method for values near 5 ng/L. RESULTS Precision and trueness ranged from 1.35 to 4.45% and from 0.14 to -3.74%, respectively. Accuracy results ranged from 101.40 to 104.90%. Within laboratory variability was 2.91%. Uncertainty ranged from 3.66% to 19.90% for higher (2188) to lower values (5.78 ng/L). Bootstrap simulations allowed utilization of precision data from pooled plasma to evaluate cTn assay. The method was linear from 4.48 to 39.80 ng/L. A linear regression model best described the data. CONCLUSION Elecsys STAT method provides accurate cTn results, including patients with cTn results categorizing them as 'rule-out' in the ESC guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Metsu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Montauban Hospital, Montauban, France
| | - Daphné Mille
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Montauban Hospital, Montauban, France
| | - Carole Pailly
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Montauban Hospital, Montauban, France
| | - Valerica G Oancea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Montauban Hospital, Montauban, France
- Université Toulouse III, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Luc Essemilaire
- Accredited Medical Laboratories Network (LABAC), Lyon, France
| | - Dominique Coppin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Montauban Hospital, Montauban, France
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2
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Farrance I, Frenkel R, Choy KW. Uncertainty in measurement and the renal tubular reabsorption of phosphate. Clin Chem Lab Med 2023; 61:2178-2185. [PMID: 37462507 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2023-0451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The ratio of tubular maximum reabsorption of phosphate to glomerular filtration rate (TmP/GFR) is used to evaluate renal phosphate transport. TmP/GFR is most probably calculated using the formula described by Kenny and Glen or obtained from the nomogram described by Walton and Bijvoet. Even though the calculation itself is well described, no attention has been given to its measurement uncertainty (MU). The aim of this study is to provide a procedure for evaluating the MU of the Kenny and Glen formula; a procedure which is based on the Evaluation of measurement data - Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM). METHODS TmP/GFR is a quantity value calculated from the input of measured values for serum (plasma) phosphate and creatinine, plus measured values of urine phosphate and creatinine. Given the measurement uncertainty associated with these input quantities, the GUM describes the mathematical procedures required to determine the uncertainty of the calculated TmP/GFR. From a medical laboratory perspective, these input uncertainties are the standard deviations of the respective internal quality control estimates for serum and urine phosphate, plus serum and urine creatinine. RESULTS Based on representative measurements for the input quantities and their associated standard uncertainties, the expanded relative uncertainty for a calculated TmP/GFR is approximately 3.0-4.5 %. CONCLUSIONS With the continued relevance of the TmP/GFR procedure and the use of creatinine clearance as an estimate of GFR, the addition of an uncertainty estimate is important as an adjunct to this diagnostic procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Farrance
- Discipline of Laboratory Medicine, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Robert Frenkel
- 96 Shirley Road, Roseville, NSW, 2069, Australia. Former affiliation: National Measurement Institute, West Lindfield, NSW, Australia
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Beasley-Green A, Heckert NA. Estimation of measurement uncertainty for the quantification of protein by ID-LC-MS/MS. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023:10.1007/s00216-023-04705-8. [PMID: 37231301 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04705-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of mass spectrometry (MS)-based methods to quantify proteins for clinical applications has led to the need for accurate and consistent measurements. To meet the clinical needs of MS-based protein results, it is important that the results are traceable to higher-order standards and methods and have defined uncertainty values. Therefore, we outline a comprehensive approach for the estimation of measurement uncertainty of a MS-based procedure for the quantification of a protein biomarker. Using a bottom-up approach, which is the model outlined in the "Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty of Measurement" (GUM), we evaluated the uncertainty components of a MS-based measurement procedure for a protein biomarker in a complex matrix. The cause-and-effect diagram of the procedure is used to identify each uncertainty component, and statistical equations are derived to determine the overall combined uncertainty. Evaluation of the uncertainty components not only enables the calculation of the measurement uncertainty but can also be used to determine if the procedure needs improvement. To demonstrate the use of the bottom-up approach, the overall combined uncertainty is estimated for the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) candidate reference measurement procedure for albumin in human urine. The results of the uncertainty approach are applied to the determination of uncertainty for the certified value for albumin in candidate NIST Standard Reference Material® (SRM) 3666. This study provides a framework for measurement uncertainty estimation of a MS-based protein procedure by identifying the uncertainty components of the procedure to derive the overall combined uncertainty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Beasley-Green
- Material Measurement Laboratory (Biomolecular Measurement Division), National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899-8390, USA.
| | - N Alan Heckert
- Information Technology Laboratory (Statistical Engineering Division), National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899-8390, USA
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Culicov OA, Trtić-Petrović T, Nekhoroshkov PS, Zinicovscaia I, Duliu OG. On the Geochemistry of the Danube River Sediments (Serbian Sector). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12879. [PMID: 36232178 PMCID: PMC9566001 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
To determine the nature and origin of the unconsolidated bottom sediments, as well as to demonstrate and quantify the presence of Presumably Contaminating Elements (PCE) in the Serbian Danube River, as a novelty, the mass fractions on nine major elements as oxides-SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3, FeO, MnO, MgO, CaO, Na2O, and K2O, as well as Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Rb, Sr, Zr, Sb, Cs, Ba, La, Hf, Ta, W, Th, and U were determined by Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) in 13 sediment samples collected between Belgrade and Iron Gate 2 dam. INAA was chosen for its ability to perform elemental analysis without any preliminary sample treatment that could introduce systematic errors. The distribution of major elements was relatively uniform, with the sampling locations having less influence. Concerning the trace elements, excepting the PCE Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, and Sb, their distributions presented the same remarkable similarity to the Upper Continental Crust (UCC), North American Shale Composite (NASC), Average Bottom Load (ABL), and Average Dobrogea Loess (AVL), and were in good concordance with the location of the Serbian Danube River in the Pannonian Plain. In the case of considered PCE, both Enrichment Factor and Pollution Load Index showed values higher than the pollution threshold, which pointed towards a significant anthropogenic contamination, and rising concern to what extent the water quality and biota could be affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otilia A. Culicov
- Frank Laboratory for Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Physics, 6, Joliot Curie Str., 141980 Dubna, Russia
- National Institute for R&D in Electrical Engineering ICPE-CA, 313, Splaiul Unirii, 030138 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Tatjana Trtić-Petrović
- Laboratory of Physics, Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, P.O. Box 522, 11001 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Pavel S. Nekhoroshkov
- Frank Laboratory for Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Physics, 6, Joliot Curie Str., 141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - Inga Zinicovscaia
- Frank Laboratory for Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Physics, 6, Joliot Curie Str., 141980 Dubna, Russia
- Horia Hulubei National Institute for R&D in Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 30 Reactorului Str., 077125 Magurele, Romania
| | - Octavian G. Duliu
- Frank Laboratory for Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Physics, 6, Joliot Curie Str., 141980 Dubna, Russia
- Department of Structure of Matter, Earth and Atmospheric Physics, Astrophysics, Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, 405, Atomistilor Str., 077125 Magurele, Romania
- Geological Institute of Romania, 1, Caransebes Str., 012271 Bucharest, Romania
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Farrance I, Frenkel R, Badrick T. ISO/TS 20914:2019 - a critical commentary. Clin Chem Lab Med 2021; 58:1182-1190. [PMID: 32238602 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2019-1209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The long-anticipated ISO/TS 20914, Medical laboratories - Practical guidance for the estimation of measurement uncertainty, became publicly available in July 2019. This ISO document is intended as a guide for the practical application of estimating uncertainty in measurement (measurement uncertainty) in a medical laboratory. In some respects, the guide does indeed meet many of its stated objectives with numerous very detailed examples. Even though it is claimed that this ISO guide is based on the Evaluation of measurement data - Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM), JCGM 100:2008, it is with some concern that we believe several important statements and statistical procedures are incorrect, with others potentially misleading. The aim of this report is to highlight the major concerns which we have identified. In particular, we believe the following items require further comment: (1) The use of coefficient of variation and its potential for misuse requires clarification, (2) pooled variance and measurement uncertainty across changes in measuring conditions has been oversimplified and is potentially misleading, (3) uncertainty in the results of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) do not include all known uncertainties, (4) the international normalized ratio (INR) calculation is incorrect, (5) the treatment of bias uncertainty is considered problematic, (6) the rules for evaluating combined uncertainty in functional relationships are incomplete, and (7) specific concerns with some individual statements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Farrance
- Discipline of Laboratory Medicine, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robert Frenkel
- Roseville, New South Wales, Australia.,former affiliation: National Measurement Institute Australia, West Lindfield, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tony Badrick
- RCPA Quality Assurance Programs, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
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van Schrojenstein Lantman M, Thelen MHM. The impact of measurement uncertainty on the uncertainty of ordinal medical scores based on continuous quantitative laboratory results. Clin Chem Lab Med 2021; 59:e309-e312. [PMID: 33761579 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2020-1890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marith van Schrojenstein Lantman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Laboratory for Clinical Chemistry, Part of Result Laboratorium, Amphia Hospital, Breda, The Netherlands.,SKML, Organisation for Quality Assurance of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marc H M Thelen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Laboratory for Clinical Chemistry, Part of Result Laboratorium, Amphia Hospital, Breda, The Netherlands.,SKML, Organisation for Quality Assurance of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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7
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Farrance I, Frenkel R. Measurement uncertainty and the importance of correlation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 59:7-9. [DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2020-1205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ian Farrance
- Discipline of Laboratory Medicine , School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University , 3083 Bundoora , Victoria , Australia
| | - Robert Frenkel
- Former affiliation: National Measurement Institute , West Lindfield , NSW , Australia
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Goetschalckx E, Mekahli D, Levtchenko E, Allegaert K. Glomerular Filtration Rate in Former Extreme Low Birth Weight Infants over the Full Pediatric Age Range: A Pooled Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17062144. [PMID: 32213814 PMCID: PMC7142917 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17062144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Various cohort studies document a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in former extremely low birth weight (ELBW, <1000 g) neonates throughout childhood when compared to term controls. The current aim is to pool these studies to describe the GFR pattern over the pediatric age range. To do so, we conducted a systematic review on studies reporting on GFR measurements in former ELBW cases while GFR data of healthy age-matched controls included in these studies were co-collected. Based on 248 hits, 6 case-control and 3 cohort studies were identified, with 444 GFR measurements in 380 former ELBW cases (median age 5.3–20.7 years). The majority were small (17–78 cases) single center studies, with heterogeneity in GFR measurement (inulin, cystatin C or creatinine estimated GFR formulae) tools. Despite this, the median GFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) within case-control studies was consistently lower (−13%, range −8% to −25%) in cases, so that a relevant minority (15–30%) has a eGFR<90 mL/min/1.73 m2). Consequently, this pooled analysis describes a consistent pattern of reduced eGFR in former ELBW cases throughout childhood. Research should focus on perinatal risk factors for impaired GFR and long-term outcome, but is hampered by single center cohorts, study size and heterogeneity of GFR assessment tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Goetschalckx
- Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (E.G.); (D.M.); (E.L.)
| | - Djalila Mekahli
- Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (E.G.); (D.M.); (E.L.)
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Organ Transplantation, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Elena Levtchenko
- Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (E.G.); (D.M.); (E.L.)
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Organ Transplantation, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karel Allegaert
- Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (E.G.); (D.M.); (E.L.)
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Wytemaweg Hospital Pharmacy Postbus 2040, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Correspondence:
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9
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Coskun A, Oosterhuis WP. Statistical distributions commonly used in measurement uncertainty in laboratory medicine. Biochem Med (Zagreb) 2020; 30:010101. [PMID: 32063728 PMCID: PMC6999182 DOI: 10.11613/bm.2020.010101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Uncertainty is an inseparable part of all types of measurement. Recently, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) released a new standard (ISO 20914) on how to calculate measurement uncertainty (MU) in laboratory medicine. This standard can be regarded as the beginning of a new era in laboratory medicine. Measurement uncertainty comprises various components and is used to calculate the total uncertainty. All components must be expressed in standard deviation (SD) and then combined. However, the characteristics of these components are not the same; some are expressed as SD, while others are expressed as a ± b, such as the purity of the reagents. All non-SD variables must be transformed into SD, which requires a detailed knowledge of common statistical distributions used in the calculation of MU. Here, the main statistical distributions used in MU calculation are briefly summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdurrahman Coskun
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Wytze P Oosterhuis
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, Zuyderland Medical Centre, Sittard/Heerlen, The Netherlands
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Padoan A, Sciacovelli L, Zhou R, Plebani M. Extra-analytical sources of uncertainty: which ones really matter? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 57:1488-1493. [DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2019-0197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Since the endorsement by ISO15189:2012 of measurement uncertainty (MU) for the estimation of error in measurement procedures, the debate has been ongoing with questions concerning which method should be used for estimating MU and the benefits of using MU over other error methods. However, only limited attention has been given to extra-analytical sources of uncertainty and, currently, a clear standpoint is still missing. This opinion paper aims to evaluate whether extra-analytical variables could be included in MU. Considering coagulation tests as an example, the possible sources of preanalytical variations are evaluated by using a fishbone diagram. After excluding preanalytical errors, additional sources of uncertainty are divided into amenable to standardization/harmonization and/or possible random sources, which are not standardizable nor harmonizable. Finally, sources of uncertainty are evaluated for a possible inclusion into MU. In addition, postanalytical uncertainty is discussed, particularly considering the laboratory results calculated through a mathematical equation, derived from one or more quantities affected by their specific uncertainty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Padoan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine , University-Hospital of Padova , Padova , Italy
- Department of Medicine – DIMED , University of Padova , via Giustiniani 2 , 35128 Padova , Italy , Phone: +390498212801, Fax: +390498211981
| | - Laura Sciacovelli
- Department of Laboratory Medicine , University-Hospital of Padova , Padova , Italy
| | - Rui Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital , Capital Medical University , Beijing , P.R. China
- Beijing Center for Clinical Laboratories , Beijing , P.R. China
| | - Mario Plebani
- Department of Laboratory Medicine , University-Hospital of Padova , Padova , Italy
- Department of Medicine – DIMED , University of Padova , Padova , Italy
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