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Borg AJ, Yong HEJ, Lappas M, Degrelle SA, Keogh RJ, Da Silva-Costa F, Fournier T, Abumaree M, Keelan JA, Kalionis B, Murthi P. Decreased STAT3 in human idiopathic fetal growth restriction contributes to trophoblast dysfunction. Reproduction 2015; 149:523-32. [PMID: 25713425 DOI: 10.1530/rep-14-0622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal trophoblast function is associated with fetal growth restriction (FGR). The JAK-STAT pathway is one of the principal signalling mechanisms by which cytokines and growth factors modulate cell proliferation, differentiation, cell migration and apoptosis. The expression of placental JAK-STAT genes in human idiopathic FGR is unknown. In this study, we propose the hypothesis that JAK-STAT pathway genes are differentially expressed in idiopathic FGR-affected pregnancies and contribute to abnormal feto-placental growth by modulating the expression of the amino acid transporter SNAT2, differentiation marker CGB/human chorionic gonadotrophin beta-subunit (β-hCG) and apoptosis markers caspases 3 and 8, and TP53. Expression profiling of FGR-affected placentae revealed that mRNA levels of STAT3, STAT2 and STAT5B decreased by 69, 52 and 50%, respectively, compared with gestational-age-matched controls. Further validation by real-time PCR and immunoblotting confirmed significantly lower STAT3 mRNA and STAT3 protein (total and phosphorylated) levels in FGR placentae. STAT3 protein was localised to the syncytiotrophoblast (ST) in both FGR and control placentae. ST differentiation was modelled by in vitro differentiation of primary villous trophoblast cells from first-trimester and term placentae, and by treating choriocarcinoma-derived BeWo cells with forskolin in cell culture. Differentiation in these models was associated with increased STAT3 mRNA and protein levels. In BeWo cells treated with siRNA targeting STAT3, the mRNA and protein levels of CGB/β-hCG, caspases 3 and 8, and TP53 were significantly increased, while that of SNAT2 was significantly decreased compared with the negative control siRNA. In conclusion, we report that decreased STAT3 expression in placentae may contribute to abnormal trophoblast function in idiopathic FGR-affected pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Borg
- Department of Perinatal MedicinePregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyUniversity of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyMercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria, AustraliaINSERM-U767Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Paris F-75006, FranceUniversite Paris DescartesParis F-75006, FrancePremUp FoundationParis F-75006, FranceCollege of Science and Health ProfessionsKing Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaSchool of Women's and Infants' HealthKing Edward Memorial Hospital, University of Western Australia, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia Department of Perinatal MedicinePregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyUniversity of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyMercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria, AustraliaINSERM-U767Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Paris F-75006, FranceUniversite Paris DescartesParis F-75006, FrancePremUp FoundationParis F-75006, FranceCollege of Science and Health ProfessionsKing Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaSchool of Women's and Infants' HealthKing Edward Memorial Hospital, University of Western Australia, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia
| | - H E J Yong
- Department of Perinatal MedicinePregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyUniversity of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyMercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria, AustraliaINSERM-U767Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Paris F-75006, FranceUniversite Paris DescartesParis F-75006, FrancePremUp FoundationParis F-75006, FranceCollege of Science and Health ProfessionsKing Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaSchool of Women's and Infants' HealthKing Edward Memorial Hospital, University of Western Australia, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia Department of Perinatal MedicinePregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyUniversity of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyMercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria, AustraliaINSERM-U767Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Paris F-75006, FranceUniversite Paris DescartesParis F-75006, FrancePremUp FoundationParis F-75006, FranceCollege of Science and Health ProfessionsKing Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaSchool of Women's and Infants' HealthKing Edward Memorial Hospital, University of Western Australia, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia
| | - M Lappas
- Department of Perinatal MedicinePregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyUniversity of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyMercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria, AustraliaINSERM-U767Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Paris F-75006, FranceUniversite Paris DescartesParis F-75006, FrancePremUp FoundationParis F-75006, FranceCollege of Science and Health ProfessionsKing Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaSchool of Women's and Infants' HealthKing Edward Memorial Hospital, University of Western Australia, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia
| | - S A Degrelle
- Department of Perinatal MedicinePregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyUniversity of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyMercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria, AustraliaINSERM-U767Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Paris F-75006, FranceUniversite Paris DescartesParis F-75006, FrancePremUp FoundationParis F-75006, FranceCollege of Science and Health ProfessionsKing Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaSchool of Women's and Infants' HealthKing Edward Memorial Hospital, University of Western Australia, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia Department of Perinatal MedicinePregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyUniversity of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyMercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria, AustraliaINSERM-U767Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Paris F-75006, FranceUniversite Paris DescartesParis F-75006, FrancePremUp FoundationParis F-75006, FranceCollege of Science and Health ProfessionsKing Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaSchool of Women's and Infants' HealthKing Edward Memorial Hospital, University of Western Australia, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia Department of Perinatal MedicinePregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyUniversity of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyMercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria, AustraliaINSERM-U767Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Paris F-75006, FranceUniversite Paris DescartesP
| | - R J Keogh
- Department of Perinatal MedicinePregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyUniversity of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyMercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria, AustraliaINSERM-U767Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Paris F-75006, FranceUniversite Paris DescartesParis F-75006, FrancePremUp FoundationParis F-75006, FranceCollege of Science and Health ProfessionsKing Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaSchool of Women's and Infants' HealthKing Edward Memorial Hospital, University of Western Australia, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia Department of Perinatal MedicinePregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyUniversity of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyMercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria, AustraliaINSERM-U767Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Paris F-75006, FranceUniversite Paris DescartesParis F-75006, FrancePremUp FoundationParis F-75006, FranceCollege of Science and Health ProfessionsKing Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaSchool of Women's and Infants' HealthKing Edward Memorial Hospital, University of Western Australia, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia
| | - F Da Silva-Costa
- Department of Perinatal MedicinePregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyUniversity of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyMercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria, AustraliaINSERM-U767Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Paris F-75006, FranceUniversite Paris DescartesParis F-75006, FrancePremUp FoundationParis F-75006, FranceCollege of Science and Health ProfessionsKing Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaSchool of Women's and Infants' HealthKing Edward Memorial Hospital, University of Western Australia, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia Department of Perinatal MedicinePregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyUniversity of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyMercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria, AustraliaINSERM-U767Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Paris F-75006, FranceUniversite Paris DescartesParis F-75006, FrancePremUp FoundationParis F-75006, FranceCollege of Science and Health ProfessionsKing Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaSchool of Women's and Infants' HealthKing Edward Memorial Hospital, University of Western Australia, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia
| | - T Fournier
- Department of Perinatal MedicinePregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyUniversity of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyMercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria, AustraliaINSERM-U767Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Paris F-75006, FranceUniversite Paris DescartesParis F-75006, FrancePremUp FoundationParis F-75006, FranceCollege of Science and Health ProfessionsKing Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaSchool of Women's and Infants' HealthKing Edward Memorial Hospital, University of Western Australia, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia Department of Perinatal MedicinePregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyUniversity of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyMercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria, AustraliaINSERM-U767Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Paris F-75006, FranceUniversite Paris DescartesParis F-75006, FrancePremUp FoundationParis F-75006, FranceCollege of Science and Health ProfessionsKing Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaSchool of Women's and Infants' HealthKing Edward Memorial Hospital, University of Western Australia, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia
| | - M Abumaree
- Department of Perinatal MedicinePregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyUniversity of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyMercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria, AustraliaINSERM-U767Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Paris F-75006, FranceUniversite Paris DescartesParis F-75006, FrancePremUp FoundationParis F-75006, FranceCollege of Science and Health ProfessionsKing Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaSchool of Women's and Infants' HealthKing Edward Memorial Hospital, University of Western Australia, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia
| | - J A Keelan
- Department of Perinatal MedicinePregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyUniversity of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyMercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria, AustraliaINSERM-U767Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Paris F-75006, FranceUniversite Paris DescartesParis F-75006, FrancePremUp FoundationParis F-75006, FranceCollege of Science and Health ProfessionsKing Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaSchool of Women's and Infants' HealthKing Edward Memorial Hospital, University of Western Australia, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia
| | - B Kalionis
- Department of Perinatal MedicinePregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyUniversity of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyMercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria, AustraliaINSERM-U767Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Paris F-75006, FranceUniversite Paris DescartesParis F-75006, FrancePremUp FoundationParis F-75006, FranceCollege of Science and Health ProfessionsKing Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaSchool of Women's and Infants' HealthKing Edward Memorial Hospital, University of Western Australia, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia Department of Perinatal MedicinePregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyUniversity of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyMercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria, AustraliaINSERM-U767Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Paris F-75006, FranceUniversite Paris DescartesParis F-75006, FrancePremUp FoundationParis F-75006, FranceCollege of Science and Health ProfessionsKing Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaSchool of Women's and Infants' HealthKing Edward Memorial Hospital, University of Western Australia, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia
| | - P Murthi
- Department of Perinatal MedicinePregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyUniversity of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyMercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria, AustraliaINSERM-U767Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Paris F-75006, FranceUniversite Paris DescartesParis F-75006, FrancePremUp FoundationParis F-75006, FranceCollege of Science and Health ProfessionsKing Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaSchool of Women's and Infants' HealthKing Edward Memorial Hospital, University of Western Australia, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia Department of Perinatal MedicinePregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, AustraliaDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyUniversity of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyMercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria, AustraliaINSERM-U767Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Paris F-75006, FranceUniversite Paris DescartesParis F-75006, FrancePremUp FoundationParis F-75006, FranceCollege of Science and Health ProfessionsKing Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaSchool of Women's and Infants' HealthKing Edward Memorial Hospital, University of Western Australia, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia
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Chen Y, Wang J, Li J, Hosoya K, Ratan R, Townes T, Zhang S. Activating transcription factor 4 mediates hyperglycaemia-induced endothelial inflammation and retinal vascular leakage through activation of STAT3 in a mouse model of type 1 diabetes. Diabetologia 2012; 55:2533-45. [PMID: 22660795 PMCID: PMC3412945 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-012-2594-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2011] [Accepted: 04/25/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS There is convincing evidence that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications; however, the mechanisms are not fully understood. This study aimed to dissect the role and signalling pathways of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) in ER-stress-associated endothelial inflammation and diabetic retinopathy. METHODS ER stress and ATF4 activity were manipulated by complementary pharmacological and genetic approaches in cultured retinal endothelial (TR-iBRB) cells. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin in heterozygous Atf4 knockout and wild-type mice. ER stress markers, inflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules, activation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway, and retinal vascular permeability were measured. RESULTS High-glucose treatment resulted in rapid induction of ER stress, activation of ATF4, and increased production of inflammatory factors in TR-iBRB cells. Suppressing ER stress or inhibiting ATF4 activity markedly attenuated high-glucose-induced production of intercellular adhesion molecule 1, TNF-α and vascular endothelial growth factor. Conversely, enhancing ER stress or overexpressing Atf4 was sufficient to induce endothelial inflammation, which was, at least in part, through activation of the STAT3 pathway. Furthermore, knockdown of the Stat3 gene or inhibiting STAT3 activity restored ER homeostasis in cells exposed to high glucose and prevented ATF4 activation, suggesting that STAT3 is required for high-glucose-induced ER stress. Finally, we showed that downregulation of Atf4 significantly ameliorated retinal inflammation, STAT3 activation and vascular leakage in a mouse model of type 1 diabetes. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Taken together, our data reveal a pivotal role of ER stress and the ATF4/STAT3 pathway in retinal endothelial inflammation in diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. Chen
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 941 Stanton L Young Blvd, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - J.J. Wang
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 941 Stanton L Young Blvd, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - J. Li
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 941 Stanton L Young Blvd, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - K.I. Hosoya
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - R. Ratan
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, The Burke Medical Research Institute, White Plains, NY, USA
| | - T. Townes
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - S.X. Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 941 Stanton L Young Blvd, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
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