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Kruglova NN, Titova GE, Seldimirova OA, Zinatullina AE. Cytophysiological Features of the Cereal-Based Experimental System “Embryo In Vivo–Callus In Vitro”. Russ J Dev Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062360421040044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Tang M, Tong C, Liang L, Du C, Zhao J, Xiao L, Tong J, Dai X, Helal M, Dai W, Xiang Y. A recessive high-density pod mutant resource of Brassica napus. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 293:110411. [PMID: 32081260 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In Brassica napus, pod number and pod density are critical factors to determine seed yield. Although the pod density is an essential yield trait, the regulation of yield formation in oil crops, as well as the genetic and molecular mechanisms, are poorly understood. In this study, we characterized a rapeseed high-density pod mutant (dpt247) from composite hybridization. To shed some light on the nature of this mutation, it was investigated morphologically, anatomically, physiologically, genetically and transcriptomically. The mutant plant showed noticeable phenotypic differences in comparison with the control plant, including reduced plant height and primary branch length, decreased number of primary branches, significantly increased number of pod on the main inflorescence, and more compact pod distribution. Besides, the mutant had higher levels of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and zeatin riboside (ZR) in the shoot apical meristem (SAM). The dense pod trait was controlled by two major recessive genes identified in the segregating genetic populations of GRE501 and dpt247. RNA sequencing indicated genes participated in auxin, cytokinin and WUS/CLV signalling pathway in dpt247 were more active in the mutant. These results provide important information for understanding the regulation of yield formation and high yield breeding in rapeseed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minqiang Tang
- Guizhou Rapeseed Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550008, PR China; Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, PR China
| | - Chaobo Tong
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, PR China
| | - Longbin Liang
- Guizhou Rapeseed Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550008, PR China
| | - Caifu Du
- Guizhou Rapeseed Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550008, PR China
| | - Jixian Zhao
- Guizhou Rapeseed Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550008, PR China
| | - Langtao Xiao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth and Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Jianhua Tong
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth and Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Xianglai Dai
- Guizhou Rapeseed Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550008, PR China
| | - Mmu Helal
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, PR China
| | - Wendong Dai
- Guizhou Rapeseed Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550008, PR China
| | - Yang Xiang
- Guizhou Rapeseed Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550008, PR China.
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Kruglova NN, Titova GE, Seldimirova OA, Zinatullina AE, Veselov DS. Embryo of Flowering Plants at the Critical Stage of Embryogenesis Relative Autonomy (by Example of Cereals). Russ J Dev Biol 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062360420010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Zhang H, Li M, He D, Wang K, Yang P. Mutations on ent-kaurene oxidase 1 encoding gene attenuate its enzyme activity of catalyzing the reaction from ent-kaurene to ent-kaurenoic acid and lead to delayed germination in rice. PLoS Genet 2020; 16:e1008562. [PMID: 31923187 PMCID: PMC6977763 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice seed germination is a critical step that determines its entire life circle, with seeds failing to germinate or pre-harvest sprouting both reduce grain yield. Nevertheless, the mechanisms underlying this complex biological event remain unclear. Previously, gibberellin has been shown to promote seed germination. In this study, a delayed seed germination rice mutant was obtained through screening of the EMS induced mutants. Besides of delayed germination, it also shows semi-dwarfism phenotype, which could be recovered by exogenous GA. Through re-sequencing on the mutant, wild-type and their F2 populations, we identified two continuous mutated sites on ent-kaurene oxidase 1 (OsKO1) gene, which result in the conversion from Thr to Met in the cytochrome P450 domain. Genetic complementary analysis and enzyme assay verified that the mutations in OsKO1 gene block the biosynthesis of GA and result in the defect phenotypes. Further analyses proved that OsKO1 could catalyze the reaction from ent-kaurene into ent-kaurenoic acid in GA biosynthesis mainly at seed germination and seedling stages, and the mutations decrease its activity to catalyze the step from ent-kaurenol to ent-kaurenoic acid in this reaction. Transcriptomic and proteomic data indicate that the defect on GA biosynthesis decreases its ability to mobilize starch and attenuate ABA signaling, therefore delay the germination process. The results provide some new insights into both GA biosynthesis and seed germination regulatory pathway in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dongli He
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Kun Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Pingfang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
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Deng Q, Kong Z, Wu X, Ma S, Yuan Y, Jia H, Ma Z. Cloning of a COBL gene determining brittleness in diploid wheat using a MapRseq approach. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 285:141-150. [PMID: 31203879 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Plant tissue brittleness is related to cellular structure and lodging. MED0031 is a mutant identified previously from ethyl methane sulfonate treatment of diploid wheat accession TA2726, showing brittleness in both stem and leaf. In microscopic and histological observations, the mutant was found to have less large vascular bundles per unit area, a thinner sclerenchyma cell wall, and a broader parenchyma, compared with the wild type. The mutated gene, TmBr1, was mapped to a 0.056 cM interval on chromosome 5Am. This gene was cloned using a MapRseq approach that searched the candidate gene through combination of the prior target gene mapping information with SNP calling and discovery of differentially expressed genes from RNA_seq data of the wild type and a BC3F2 bulk showing the mutant phenotype. TmBr1 encodes a COBL protein and a nonsense mutation within the region coding for the conserved COBRA domain caused premature translation termination. Introduction of TmBr1 to Arabidopsis AtCOBL4 mutant rescued the phenotype, demonstrating their functional conservation. Apart from the effect on cellulose content, the TmBr1 mutation might modulate synthesis of noncellulosic polysaccharide pectin as well. Application of the MapRseq approach to isolation of genes present in recombination cold spots and complicated genomes was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyan Deng
- Crop Genomics and Bioinformatics Center and National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhongxin Kong
- Crop Genomics and Bioinformatics Center and National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoxia Wu
- Crop Genomics and Bioinformatics Center and National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shengwei Ma
- Crop Genomics and Bioinformatics Center and National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Yuan
- Crop Genomics and Bioinformatics Center and National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haiyan Jia
- Crop Genomics and Bioinformatics Center and National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhengqiang Ma
- Crop Genomics and Bioinformatics Center and National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu, China.
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Yan K, Yanling J, Kunran Z, Hui W, Huimin M, Zhiwei W. A new Epichloë species with interspecific hybrid origins from Poa pratensis ssp. pratensis in Liyang, China. Mycologia 2017; 103:1341-50. [DOI: 10.3852/10-352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Wang Zhiwei
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China 210095
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Neghliz H, Cochard H, Brunel N, Martre P. Ear Rachis Xylem Occlusion and Associated Loss in Hydraulic Conductance Coincide with the End of Grain Filling for Wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:920. [PMID: 27446150 PMCID: PMC4921477 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Seed dehydration is the normal terminal event in the development of orthodox seeds and is physiologically related to the cessation of grain dry mass accumulation and crop grain yield. For a better understanding of grain dehydration, we evaluated the hypothesis that hydraulic conductance of the ear decreases during the latter stages of development and that this decrease results from disruption or occlusion of xylem conduits. Whole ear, rachis, and stem nodes hydraulic conductance and percentage loss of xylem conductivity were measured from flowering to harvest-ripeness on bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cv. Récital grown under controlled environments. Flag leaf transpiration, stomatal conductance, chlorophyll content and grain and ear water potentials were also measured during grain development. We show that grain dehydration was not related with whole plant physiology and leaf senescence, but closely correlated with the hydraulic properties of the xylem conduits irrigating the grains. Indeed, there was a substantial decrease in rachis hydraulic conductance at the onset of the grain dehydration phase. This hydraulic impairment was not caused by the presence of air embolism in xylem conduits of the stem internodes or rachis but by the occlusion of the xylem lumens by polysaccharides (pectins and callose). Our results demonstrate that xylem hydraulics plays a key role during grain maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayet Neghliz
- UMR GDEC, INRA, Blaise Pascal UniversityClermont-Ferrand, France
- Laboratoire d’Ecophysiologie Végétale, Ecole Normale SupérieureKouba, Algeria
| | | | | | - Pierre Martre
- UMR GDEC, INRA, Blaise Pascal UniversityClermont-Ferrand, France
- *Correspondence: Pierre Martre,
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Wen W, Deng Q, Jia H, Wei L, Wei J, Wan H, Yang L, Cao W, Ma Z. Sequence variations of the partially dominant DELLA gene Rht-B1c in wheat and their functional impacts. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2013; 64:3299-312. [PMID: 23918966 PMCID: PMC3733159 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ert183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Rht-B1c, allelic to the DELLA protein-encoding gene Rht-B1a, is a natural mutation documented in common wheat (Triticum aestivum). It confers variation to a number of traits related to cell and plant morphology, seed dormancy, and photosynthesis. The present study was conducted to examine the sequence variations of Rht-B1c and their functional impacts. The results showed that Rht-B1c was partially dominant or co-dominant for plant height, and exhibited an increased dwarfing effect. At the sequence level, Rht-B1c differed from Rht-B1a by one 2kb Veju retrotransposon insertion, three coding region single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), one 197bp insertion, and four SNPs in the 1kb upstream sequence. Haplotype investigations, association analyses, transient expression assays, and expression profiling showed that the Veju insertion was primarily responsible for the extreme dwarfing effect. It was found that the Veju insertion changed processing of the Rht-B1c transcripts and resulted in DELLA motif primary structure disruption. Expression assays showed that Rht-B1c caused reduction of total Rht-1 transcript levels, and up-regulation of GATA-like transcription factors and genes positively regulated by these factors, suggesting that one way in which Rht-1 proteins affect plant growth and development is through GATA-like transcription factor regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Wen
- The Applied Plant Genomics Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Bioinformatics Center, and National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095 Jiangsu, China
| | - Qingyan Deng
- The Applied Plant Genomics Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Bioinformatics Center, and National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095 Jiangsu, China
| | - Haiyan Jia
- The Applied Plant Genomics Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Bioinformatics Center, and National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095 Jiangsu, China
| | - Lingzhu Wei
- The Applied Plant Genomics Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Bioinformatics Center, and National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095 Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingbo Wei
- The Applied Plant Genomics Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Bioinformatics Center, and National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095 Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongshen Wan
- The Applied Plant Genomics Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Bioinformatics Center, and National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095 Jiangsu, China
| | - Liming Yang
- The Applied Plant Genomics Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Bioinformatics Center, and National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095 Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenjin Cao
- The Applied Plant Genomics Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Bioinformatics Center, and National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095 Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhengqiang Ma
- The Applied Plant Genomics Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Bioinformatics Center, and National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095 Jiangsu, China
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