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Jin X, Chen J, Khan A, Chen Z, Gao R, Lu Y, Zheng X. Triacylglycerol lipase, OsSG34, plays an important role in grain shape and appearance quality in rice. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 117:840-855. [PMID: 37938788 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Optimal grain-appearance quality is largely determined by grain size. To date, dozens of grain size-related genes have been identified. However, the regulatory mechanism of slender grain formation is not fully clear. We identified the OsSG34 gene by map-based cloning. A 9-bp deletion on 5'-untranslated region of OsSG34, which resulted in the expression difference between the wild-type and sg34 mutant, led to the slender grains and good transparency in sg34 mutant. OsSG34 as an α/β fold triacylglycerol lipase affected the triglyceride content directly, and the components of cell wall indirectly, especially the lignin between the inner and outer lemmas in rice grains, which could affect the change in grain size by altering cell proliferation and expansion, while the change in starch content and starch granule arrangement in endosperm could affect the grain-appearance quality. Moreover, the OsERF71 was identified to directly bind to cis-element on the mutant site, thereby regulating the OsSG34 expression. Knockout of three OsSG34 homologous genes resulted in slender grains as well. The study demonstrated OsSG34, involved in lipid metabolism, affected grain size and quality. Our findings suggest that the OsSG34 gene could be used in rice breeding for high yield and good grain-appearance quality via marker-assisted selection and gene-editing approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Jin
- The Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, the Advanced Seed Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jian Chen
- The Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, the Advanced Seed Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Asadullah Khan
- The Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, the Advanced Seed Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ziyan Chen
- The Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, the Advanced Seed Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Rui Gao
- The Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, the Advanced Seed Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yingying Lu
- The Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, the Advanced Seed Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xi Zheng
- Analysis Center of Agrobiology and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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Gao L, Hu Y. Editorial: Environmental and endogenous signals: crop yield and quality regulation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1271918. [PMID: 37670873 PMCID: PMC10476621 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1271918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yufeng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Ying Y, Hu Y, Zhang Y, Tappiban P, Zhang Z, Dai G, Deng G, Bao J, Xu F. Identification of a new allele of soluble starch synthase IIIa involved in the elongation of amylopectin long chains in a chalky rice mutant. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 328:111567. [PMID: 36526029 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A chalky endosperm mutant (GM03) induced from an indica rice GLA4 was used to investigate the functional gene in starch biosynthesis. Bulked segregant analysis and sanger sequencing determined that a novel mutation in soluble starch synthase IIIa (SSIIIa) is responsible for the chalky phenotype in GM03. Complementary test by transforming the active SSIIIa gene driven by its native promoter to GM03 recovered the phenotype to its wildtype. The expression of SSIIIa was significantly decreased, while SSIIIa protein was not detected in GM03. The mutation of SSIIIa led to increased expression of most of starch synthesis related genes and elevated the levels of most of proteins in GM03. The CRISPR/Cas9 technology was used for targeted disruption of SSIIIa, and the mutant lines exhibited chalky endosperm which phenocopied the GM03. Additionally, the starch fine structure in the knockout mutant lines ss3a-1 and ss3a-2 was similar with the GM03, which showed increased amylose content, higher proportions of B1 and B2 chains, much lower proportions of B3 chains and decreased degree of crystallinity, leading to altered thermal properties with lower gelatinization temperature and enthalpy. Collectively, these results suggested that SSIIIa plays an important role in starch synthesis by elongating amylopectin long chains in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yining Ying
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China; Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Yazhou District, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Yaqi Hu
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yanni Zhang
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Piengtawan Tappiban
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhongwei Zhang
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Gaoxing Dai
- Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Guofu Deng
- Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Jinsong Bao
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China; Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Yazhou District, Sanya 572025, China.
| | - Feifei Xu
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Zhao D, Zhang C, Li Q, Liu Q. Genetic control of grain appearance quality in rice. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 60:108014. [PMID: 35777622 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.108014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Grain appearance, one of the key determinants of rice quality, reflects the ability to attract consumers, and is characterized by four major properties: grain shape, chalkiness, transparency, and color. Mining of valuable genes, genetic mechanisms, and breeding cultivars with improved grain appearance are essential research areas in rice biology. However, grain appearance is a complex and comprehensive trait, making it challenging to understand the molecular details, and therefore, achieve precise improvement. This review highlights the current findings of grain appearance control, including a detailed description of the key genes involved in the formation of grain appearance, and the major environmental factors affecting chalkiness. We also discuss the integration of current knowledge on valuable genes to enable accurate breeding strategies for generation of rice grains with superior appearance quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongsheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Changquan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Qianfeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Qiaoquan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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