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Zhang L, Zhang N, Wang S, Tian H, Liu L, Pei D, Yu X, Zhao L, Chen F. A TaSnRK1α Modulates TaPAP6L-Mediated Wheat Cold Tolerance through Regulating Endogenous Jasmonic Acid. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2303478. [PMID: 37740426 PMCID: PMC10625090 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Here, a sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase alpha subunit (TaSnRK1α-1A) is identified as associated with cold stress through integration of genome-wide association study, bulked segregant RNA sequencing, and virus-induced gene silencing. It is confirmed that TaSnRK1α positively regulates cold tolerance by transgenes and ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) mutants. A plastid-lipid-associated protein 6, chloroplastic-like (TaPAP6L-2B) strongly interacting with TaSnRK1α-1A is screened. Molecular chaperone DJ-1 family protein (TaDJ-1-7B) possibly bridged the interaction of TaSnRK1α-1A and TaPAP6L-2B. It is further revealed that TaSnRK1α-1A phosphorylated TaPAP6L-2B. Subsequently, a superior haplotype TaPAP6L-2B30S /38S is identified and confirmed that both R30S and G38S are important phosphorylation sites that influence TaPAP6L-2B in cold tolerance. Overexpression (OE) and EMS-mutant lines verified TaPAP6L positively modulating cold tolerance. Furthermore, transcriptome sequencing revealed that TaPAP6L-2B-OE lines significantly increased jasmonic acid (JA) content, possibly by improving precursor α-linolenic acid contributing to JA synthesis and by repressing JAR1 degrading JA. Exogenous JA significantly improved the cold tolerance of wheat plants. In summary, TaSnRK1α profoundly regulated cold stress, possibly through phosphorylating TaPAP6L to increase endogenous JA content of wheat plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingran Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science / CIMMYT‐China Wheat and Maize Joint Research Center /Agronomy CollegeHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou450046China
| | - Ning Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science / CIMMYT‐China Wheat and Maize Joint Research Center /Agronomy CollegeHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou450046China
| | - Sisheng Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science / CIMMYT‐China Wheat and Maize Joint Research Center /Agronomy CollegeHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou450046China
| | - Hongyan Tian
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science / CIMMYT‐China Wheat and Maize Joint Research Center /Agronomy CollegeHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou450046China
| | - Lu Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science / CIMMYT‐China Wheat and Maize Joint Research Center /Agronomy CollegeHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou450046China
| | - Dan Pei
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science / CIMMYT‐China Wheat and Maize Joint Research Center /Agronomy CollegeHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou450046China
| | - Xiaodong Yu
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science / CIMMYT‐China Wheat and Maize Joint Research Center /Agronomy CollegeHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou450046China
| | - Lei Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science / CIMMYT‐China Wheat and Maize Joint Research Center /Agronomy CollegeHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou450046China
| | - Feng Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science / CIMMYT‐China Wheat and Maize Joint Research Center /Agronomy CollegeHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou450046China
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Lin W, Wu S, Wei M. Ubiquitylome analysis reveals the involvement of ubiquitination in the cold responses of banana seedling leaves. J Proteomics 2023; 288:104994. [PMID: 37598917 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2023.104994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Low temperature is a crucial environmental factor limiting the productivity and distribution of banana. Ubiquitination (Kub) is one of the main posttranslational modifications (PTMs) involved in plant responses to abiotic stresses. However, little information is available on the effects of Kub on banana under cold stress. In this study, we used label-free quantification (LFQ) to identify changes in the protein expression and Kub levels in banana seedling leaves after chilling treatment. In total, 4156 proteins, 1089 ubiquitinated proteins and 2636 Kub sites were quantified. Western blot assays showed that Kub was abundant in leaves after low-temperature treatment. Our results show that the proteome and ubiquitylome were negatively correlated, indicating that Kub could be involved in the degradation of proteins in banana after chilling treatment. Based on bioinformatics analysis, low-temperature stress-related signals and metabolic pathways such as cold acclimation, glutathione metabolism, calcium signaling, and photosynthesis signaling were identified. In addition, we found that transcription factors and chromatin remodeling factors related to low-temperature stress were ubiquitinated. Overall, our work presents the first systematic analysis of the Kub proteome in banana under cold stress and provides support for future studies on the regulatory mechanisms of Kub during the cold stress response in plants. SIGNIFICANCE: Banana is a typical tropical fruit tree with poor low-temperature tolerance,however, the role of PTMs such as Kub in the cold response of banana remains unclear. This study highlights the fact that the effects of low-temperature on proteome and ubiquitylome in the banana seedling leaves, we discussed the correlation between transcriptome and proteome, ubiquitylome and proteome, and we analyzed the expression and the changes of ubiquitination levels of low-temperature related proteins and pathway after chilling treatment, and we found that transcription factors and chromatin remodeling factors related to low-temperature stress were ubiquitinated. This study provides new insights into the ubiquitination pathway of banana under cold stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lin
- Subtropical Agriculture Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhangzhou, Fujian 363005, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shuijin Wu
- Subtropical Agriculture Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhangzhou, Fujian 363005, People's Republic of China
| | - Mi Wei
- Academy of Sericulture Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, People's Republic of China
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Yu Y, Wu Y, Liu W, Liu J, Li P. Integration of Metabolome and Transcriptome Reveals the Major Metabolic Pathways and Potential Biomarkers in Response to Freeze-Stress Regulation in Apple ( Malus domestica). Metabolites 2023; 13:891. [PMID: 37623835 PMCID: PMC10456784 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13080891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Freezing stress is the main factor affecting the normal growth and distribution of plants. The safe overwintering of a perennial deciduous plant is a crucial link to ensuring its survival and yield. However, little is known about the molecular mechanism of its gene regulation metabolites as related to its freeze-tolerance. In order to enhance our comprehension of freeze-tolerance metabolites and gene expression in dormant apple trees, we examined the metabolic and transcriptomic differences between 'Ralls' and 'Fuji', two apple varieties with varying degrees of resistance to freezing. The results of the freezing treatment showed that 'Ralls' had stronger freeze-tolerance than 'Fuji'. We identified 302, 334, and 267 up-regulated differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) and 408, 387, and 497 down-regulated DAMs between 'Ralls' and 'Fuji' under -10, -15, and -20 °C treatment, respectively. A total of 359 shared metabolites were obtained in the upward trend modules, of which 62 metabolites were associated with 89 pathways. The number of up-regulated genes accounted for 50.2%, 45.6%, and 43.2% of the total number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), respectively, at -10, -15, and -20 °C. Through combined transcriptome and metabolome analysis, we identified 12 pathways that included 16 DAMs and 65 DEGs. Meanwhile, we found that 20 DEGs were identified in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway and its related pathways, involving the metabolism of p-Coumaroyl-CoA, 7, 4'-Dihydroxyflavone, and scolymoside. These discoveries advance our comprehension of the molecular mechanism underlying apple freeze-tolerance and provide genetic material for breeding apple cultivars with enhanced freeze-tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Yu
- Hebei Academy of Forestry and Grassland Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050061, China
| | - YaJing Wu
- Hebei Academy of Forestry and Grassland Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050061, China
| | - Wenfei Liu
- Hebei Academy of Forestry and Grassland Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050061, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Hebei Academy of Forestry and Grassland Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050061, China
| | - Ping Li
- College of Landscape and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
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Guo J, Bao G, Zhang X, Pan X, Zhao H, Fan C, Li G. Artemisinin and Ambrosia trifida extract aggravate the effects of short freeze-thaw stress in winter rye ( Secale cereale) seedlings. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2023; 50:497-506. [PMID: 37105725 DOI: 10.1071/fp22271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The freeze-thaw and allelopathy from alien giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida L.) and artemisinin have led to a serious stress to plants, influencing the agricultural quality and crop yield in north-east China. Yet, little is known how allelopathy affect plants under the freeze-thaw process. In this study, the characteristics in winter rye (Secale cereale L.) seedlings were investigated by laboratory simulation. The results showed that during the freezing process, application of artemisinin and A. trifida extract significantly increased the soluble protein content and accelerated lipid peroxidation, while they significantly inhibited antioxidant enzymes, photosynthesis and respiration (P <0.05). During the thawing process, the freezing pressure decreased, and activities of antioxidant enzymes were significantly improved to mitigate artemisinin and A. trifida extract induced stress (P <0.05). In addition, the sensitivity of the investigated metabolic processes in winter rye seedlings were highest to artemisinin and A. trifida extract in the freezing process. This study suggested that the stress response induced by artemisinin and A. trifida extract on winter rye seedlings in the freezing process was greater than that in the thawing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiancai Guo
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education (Jilin University); Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment; College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Guozhang Bao
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education (Jilin University); Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment; College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xinyu Pan
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education (Jilin University); Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment; College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Hongwei Zhao
- The Administration of Jingyu Water Conservation, Jingyu 135200, China
| | - Cunxin Fan
- The Administration of Jingyu Water Conservation, Jingyu 135200, China
| | - Guomei Li
- Yushu Forestry and Grassland Comprehensive Service Center, Yushu 815000, China
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Bolouri P, Haliloğlu K, Mohammadi SA, Türkoğlu A, İlhan E, Niedbała G, Szulc P, Niazian M. Identification of Novel QTLs Associated with Frost Tolerance in Winter Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1641. [PMID: 37111864 PMCID: PMC10146367 DOI: 10.3390/plants12081641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Low temperature (cold) and freezing stress is a major problem during winter wheat growth. Low temperature tolerance (LT) is an important agronomic trait in winter wheat and determines the plants' ability to cope with below-freezing temperatures; thus, the development of cold-tolerant cultivars has become a major goal of breeding in various regions of the world. In this study, we sought to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) using molecular markers related to freezing tolerance in winter. Thirty-four polymorphic markers among 425 SSR markers were obtained for the population, including 180 inbred lines of F12 generation wheat, derived from crosses (Norstar × Zagros) after testing with parents. LT50 is used as an effective selection criterion for identifying frost-tolerance genotypes. The progeny of individual F12 plants were used to evaluate LT50. Several QTLs related to wheat yield, including heading time period, 1000-seed weight, and number of surviving plants after overwintering, were identified. Single-marker analysis illustrated that four SSR markers with a total of 25% phenotypic variance determination were linked to LT50. Related QTLs were located on chromosomes 4A, 2B, and 3B. Common QTLs identified in two cropping seasons based on agronomical traits were two QTLs for heading time period, one QTL for 1000-seed weight, and six QTLs for number of surviving plants after overwintering. The four markers identified linked to LT50 significantly affected both LT50 and yield-related traits simultaneously. This is the first report to identify a major-effect QTL related to frost tolerance on chromosome 4A by the marker XGWM160. It is possible that some QTLs are closely related to pleiotropic effects that control two or more traits simultaneously, and this feature can be used as a factor to select frost-resistant lines in plant breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Bolouri
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Kamil Haliloğlu
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Seyyed Abolghasem Mohammadi
- Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran
| | - Aras Türkoğlu
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Necmettin Erbakan University, 42310 Konya, Turkey
| | - Emre İlhan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Erzurum Technical University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Gniewko Niedbała
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 50, 60-627 Poznań, Poland
| | - Piotr Szulc
- Department of Agronomy, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznań, Poland
| | - Mohsen Niazian
- Field and Horticultural Crops Research Department, Kurdistan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Sanandaj 6616936311, Iran
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Molecular Mechanism of Cold Tolerance of Centipedegrass Based on the Transcriptome. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021265. [PMID: 36674780 PMCID: PMC9860682 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Low temperature is an important limiting factor in the environment that affects the distribution, growth and development of warm-season grasses. Transcriptome sequencing has been widely used to mine candidate genes under low-temperature stress and other abiotic stresses. However, the molecular mechanism of centipedegrass in response to low-temperature stress was rarely reported. To understand the molecular mechanism of centipedegrass in response to low-temperature stress, we measured physiological indicators and sequenced the transcriptome of centipedegrass under different stress durations. Under cold stress, the SS content and APX activity of centipedegrass increased while the SOD activity decreased; the CAT activity, POD activity and flavonoid content first increased and then decreased; and the GSH-Px activity first decreased and then increased. Using full-length transcriptome and second-generation sequencing, we obtained 38.76 G subreads. These reads were integrated into 177,178 isoforms, and 885 differentially expressed transcripts were obtained. The expression of AUX_IAA and WRKY transcription factors and HSF transcription-influencing factors increased during cold stress. Through KEGG enrichment analysis, we determined that arginine and proline metabolism, plant circadian rhythm, plant hormone signal transduction and the flavonoid biosynthesis pathways played important roles in the cold stress resistance of centipedegrass. In addition, by using weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA), we determined that the turquoise module was significantly correlated with SS content and APX activity, while the blue module was significantly negatively correlated with POD and CAT activity. This paper is the first to report the response of centipedegrass to cold stress at the transcriptome level. Our results help to clarify the molecular mechanisms underlying the cold tolerance of warm-season grasses.
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Su H, Tan C, Liu Y, Chen X, Li X, Jones A, Zhu Y, Song Y. Physiology and Molecular Breeding in Sustaining Wheat Grain Setting and Quality under Spring Cold Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214099. [PMID: 36430598 PMCID: PMC9693015 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Spring cold stress (SCS) compromises the reproductive growth of wheat, being a major constraint in achieving high grain yield and quality in winter wheat. To sustain wheat productivity in SCS conditions, breeding cultivars conferring cold tolerance is key. In this review, we examine how grain setting and quality traits are affected by SCS, which may occur at the pre-anthesis stage. We have investigated the physiological and molecular mechanisms involved in floret and spikelet SCS tolerance. It includes the protective enzymes scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), hormonal adjustment, and carbohydrate metabolism. Lastly, we explored quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that regulate SCS for identifying candidate genes for breeding. The existing cultivars for SCS tolerance were primarily bred on agronomic and morphophysiological traits and lacked in molecular investigations. Therefore, breeding novel wheat cultivars based on QTLs and associated genes underlying the fundamental resistance mechanism is urgently needed to sustain grain setting and quality under SCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Su
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Cheng Tan
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yonghua Liu
- School of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xinrui Li
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Ashley Jones
- Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Yulei Zhu
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (Y.S.)
| | - Youhong Song
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Centre for Crop Science, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (Y.S.)
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Proteomic Analysis of Roots Response to Potassium Deficiency and the Effect of TaHAK1-4A on K+ Uptake in Wheat. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113504. [PMID: 36362290 PMCID: PMC9659051 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Potassium (K+) is essential for plant growth and stress responses. A deficiency in soil K+ contents can result in decreased wheat quality and productivity. Thus, clarifying the molecular mechanism underlying wheat responses to low-K+ (LK) stress is critical. In this study, a tandem mass tag (TMT)-based quantitative proteomic analysis was performed to investigate the differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) in roots of the LK-tolerant wheat cultivar “KN9204” at the seedling stage after exposure to LK stress. A total of 104 DAPs were identified in the LK-treated roots. The DAPs related to carbohydrate and energy metabolism, transport, stress responses and defense, and post-translational modifications under LK conditions were highlighted. We identified a high-affinity potassium transporter (TaHAK1-4A) that was significantly up-regulated after the LK treatment. Additionally, TaHAK1-4A was mainly expressed in roots, and the encoded protein was localized in the plasma membrane. The complementation assay in yeast suggested that TaHAK1-4A mediates K+ uptake under extreme LK conditions. The overexpression of TaHAK1-4A increased the fresh weight and root length of Arabidopsis under LK conditions and improved the growth of Arabidopsis athak5 mutant seedlings, which grow poorly under LK conditions. Moreover, silencing of TaHAK1-4A in wheat roots treated with LK stress decreased the root length, dry weight, K+ concentration, and K+ influx. Accordingly, TaHAK1-4A is important for the uptake of K+ by roots exposed to LK stress. Our results reveal the protein metabolic changes in wheat induced by LK stress. Furthermore, we identified a candidate gene potentially relevant for developing wheat lines with increased K+ use efficiency.
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Zhang D, Wang R, Xiao J, Zhu S, Li X, Han S, Li Z, Zhao Y, Shohag MJI, He Z, Li S. An integrated physiology, cytology, and proteomics analysis reveals a network of sugarcane protoplast responses to enzymolysis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1066073. [PMID: 36518493 PMCID: PMC9744229 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1066073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The protoplast experimental system eis an effective tool for functional genomics and cell fusion breeding. However, the physiological and molecular mechanisms of protoplast response to enzymolysis are not clear, which has become a major obstacle to protoplast regeneration. Here, we used physiological, cytological, proteomics and gene expression analysis to compare the young leaves of sugarcane and enzymolized protoplasts. After enzymatic digestion, we obtained protoplasts with viability of > 90%. Meanwhile, the content of malondialdehyde, an oxidation product, increased in the protoplasts following enzymolysis, and the activity of antioxidant enzymes, such as peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), acid peroxidase (APX), and O2-, significantly decreased. Cytologic analysis results showed that, post enzymolysis, the cell membranes were perforated to different degrees, the nuclear activity was weakened, the nucleolus structure was not obvious, and the microtubules depolymerized and formed several short rod-like structures in protoplasts. In this study, a proteomics approaches was used to identify proteins of protoplasts in response to the enzymatic digestion process. GO, KEGG, and KOG enrichment analyses revealed that the abundant proteins were mainly involved in bioenergetic metabolism, cellular processes, osmotic stress, and redox homeostasis of protoplasts, which allow for protein biosynthesis or degradation. RT-qPCR analysis revealed that the expression of osmotic stress resistance genes, such as DREB, WRKY, MAPK4, and NAC, was upregulated, while that of key regeneration genes, such as CyclinD3, CyclinA, CyclinB, Cdc2, PSK, CESA, and GAUT, was significantly downregulated in the protoplasts. Hierarchical clustering and identification of redox proteins and oxidation products showed that these proteins were involved in dynamic networks in response to oxidative stress after enzymolysis. Our findings can facilitate the development of a standard system to produce regenerated protoplasts using molecular markers and antibody detection of enzymolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demei Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Jiming Xiao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Shuifang Zhu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Xinzhu Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shijian Han
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhigang Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - M. J. I. Shohag
- Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS) Indian River Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Fort Pierce, FL, United States
| | - Zhenli He
- Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS) Indian River Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Fort Pierce, FL, United States
| | - Suli Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- *Correspondence: Suli Li,
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