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Zhang S, Li S, Fang Y, Liu M, Wu L, Wang J, Pan L. Glycosyltransferase genes are associated with resistance to cyhalofop-butyl in a Chinese Echinochloa crus-galli population. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024. [PMID: 39221966 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Echinochloa crus-galli is the most troublesome and widespread weed of most rice-growing regions of the world. Cyhalofop-butyl, a herbicide within the acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) chemical group, has been extensively used to control barnyardgrass in rice. The repeated exposure to cyhalofop-butyl has led to resistance evolution in E. crus-galli populations. RESULTS In this study, we identified a population of E. crus-galli (R-HN) in a rice field in Hunan, China, that developed resistance to cyhalofop-butyl at 4.49-fold the recommended field dose. No known target mutation was detected in the ACCase gene of the R-HN population by ACCase sequencing compared to sensitive populations. Both cytochrome P450 (CYP450) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) inhibitors could not significantly reverse the resistance to cyhalofop-butyl. The nontarget-site resistance (NTSR) mechanism was investigated by transcriptome sequencing. Validation of the screened candidate genes by quantitative real-time (qRT)-PCR revealed that six glycosyltransferases (GTs) and four ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter genes were consistently upregulated in the R-HN population. Five GTs and one ABC transporter genes were constitutively upregulated after cyhalofop-butyl treatment in the R-HN population. Molecular docking results showed that the significant binding energy of GT79, GT75L6 and GT74E among all candidate genes. CONCLUSION Thus, the GT genes appear to be directly implicated in NTSR to cyhalofop-butyl in the R-HN populations through metabolic enhancement, but their functional characterization needs to be studied. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Sifu Li
- Plant Protection Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
- Longping Agricultural Science and Technology Huangpu Research Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhang Fang
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Min Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Lamei Wu
- Hunan Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Junzhi Wang
- Hunan Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Lang Pan
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
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Fang H, Huang S, Li R, Wang P, Jiang Q, Zhong C, Yang Y, Yu W. Combined BSA-Seq and RNA-Seq to Identify Potential Genes Regulating Fruit Size in Bottle Gourd ( Lagenaria siceraria L.). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2154. [PMID: 39124272 PMCID: PMC11314176 DOI: 10.3390/plants13152154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Fruit size is a crucial agronomic trait in bottle gourd, impacting both yield and utility. Despite its significance, the regulatory mechanism governing fruit size in bottle gourd remains largely unknown. In this study, we used bottle gourd (small-fruited H28 and large-fruited H17) parent plants to measure the width and length of fruits at various developmental stages, revealing a single 'S' growth curve for fruit expansion. Paraffin section observations indicated that both cell number and size significantly influence bottle gourd fruit size. Through bulked segregant analysis and combined genotype-phenotype analysis, the candidate interval regulating fruit size was pinpointed to 17,747,353 bp-18,185,825 bp on chromosome 9, encompassing 0.44 Mb and including 44 genes. Parental fruits in the rapid expansion stage were subjected to RNA-seq, highlighting that differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in pathways related to cell wall biosynthesis, sugar metabolism, and hormone signaling. Transcriptome and resequencing analysis, combined with gene function annotation, identified six genes within the localized region as potential regulators of fruit size. This study not only maps the candidate interval of genes influencing fruit size in bottle gourd through forward genetics, but also offers new insights into the potential molecular mechanisms underlying this trait through transcriptome analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Wenjin Yu
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (H.F.); (S.H.); (R.L.); (P.W.); (Q.J.); (C.Z.); (Y.Y.)
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3
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Hu C, Wang M, Zhu C, Wu S, Li J, Yu J, Hu Z. A transcriptional regulation of ERF15 contributes to ABA-mediated cold tolerance in tomato. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:1334-1347. [PMID: 38221812 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Cold stress is a major meteorological threat to crop growth and yield. Abscisic acid (ABA) plays important roles in plant cold tolerance by activating the expression of cold-responsive genes; however, the underlying transcriptional regulatory module remains unknown. Here, we demonstrated that the cold- and ABA-responsive transcription factor ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR 15 (ERF15) positively regulates ABA-mediated cold tolerance in tomato. Exogenous ABA treatment significantly enhanced cold tolerance in wild-type tomato plants but failed to rescue erf15 mutants from cold stress. Transcriptome analysis showed that ERF15 was associated with the expression of cold-responsive transcription factors such as CBF1 and WRKY6. Further RT-qPCR assays confirmed that the ABA-induced increased in CBF1 and WRKY6 transcripts was suppressed in erf15 mutants when the plants were subjected to cold treatment. Moreover, yeast one-hybrid assays, dual-luciferase assays and electrophoretic mobility shift assays demonstrated that ERF15 activated the transcription of CBF1 and WRKY6 by binding their promoters. Silencing CBF1 or WRKY6 significantly decreased cold tolerance. Overall, our study identified the role of ERF15 in conferring ABA-mediated cold tolerance in tomato plants by activating CBF1 and WRKY6 expression. This study not only broadens our knowledge of the mechanism of ABA-mediated cold tolerance in plants but also highlights ERF15 as an ideal target gene for cold-tolerant crop breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyi Hu
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, China
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengqi Wang
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Changan Zhu
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shaofang Wu
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiajia Li
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingquan Yu
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, China
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhangjian Hu
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, China
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Zhang Y, Zhang W, Liu Y, Zheng Y, Nie X, Wu Q, Yu W, Wang Y, Wang X, Fang K, Qin L, Xing Y. GWAS identifies two important genes involved in Chinese chestnut weight and leaf length regulation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 194:2387-2399. [PMID: 38114094 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
There are many factors that affect the yield of Chinese chestnut (Castanea mollissima), with single nut weight (SNW) being one of the most important. Leaf length is also related to Chinese chestnut yield. However, the genetic architecture and gene function associated with Chinese chestnut nut yield have not been fully explored. In this study, we performed genotyping by sequencing 151 Chinese chestnut cultivars, followed by a genome-wide association study (GWAS) on six horticultural traits. First, we analyzed the phylogeny of the Chinese chestnut and found that the Chinese chestnut cultivars divided into two ecotypes, a northern and southern cultivar group. Differences between the cultivated populations were found in the pathways of plant growth and adaptation to the environment. In the selected regions, we also found interesting tandemly arrayed genes that may influence Chinese chestnut traits and environmental adaptability. To further investigate which horticultural traits were selected, we performed a GWAS using six horticultural traits from 151 cultivars. Forty-five loci that strongly associated with horticultural traits were identified, and six genes highly associated with these traits were screened. In addition, a candidate gene associated with SNW, APETALA2 (CmAP2), and another candidate gene associated with leaf length (LL), CRYPTOCHROME INTERACTING BASIC HELIX-LOOP-HELIX 1 (CmCIB1), were verified in Chinese chestnut and Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Our results showed that CmAP2 affected SNW by negatively regulating cell size. CmCIB1 regulated the elongation of new shoots and leaves by inducing cell elongation, potentially affecting photosynthesis. This study provided valuable information and insights for Chinese chestnut breeding research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
- Bioinformatics Center, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xinghua Nie
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Qinyi Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Wenjie Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yafeng Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Longtan Forestry Station, Liyang Bureau of Natural Resources and Planning, Liyang, Jiangsu 213300, China
| | - Kefeng Fang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Ling Qin
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yu Xing
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
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Fang H, Zuo J, Ma Q, Zhang X, Xu Y, Ding S, Wang J, Luo Q, Li Y, Wu C, Lv J, Yu J, Shi K. Phytosulfokine promotes fruit ripening and quality via phosphorylation of transcription factor DREB2F in tomato. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 194:2739-2754. [PMID: 38214105 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Phytosulfokine (PSK), a plant peptide hormone with a wide range of biological functions, is recognized by its receptor PHYTOSULFOKINE RECEPTOR 1 (PSKR1). Previous studies have reported that PSK plays important roles in plant growth, development, and stress responses. However, the involvement of PSK in fruit development and quality formation remains largely unknown. Here, using tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) as a research model, we show that exogenous application of PSK promotes the initiation of fruit ripening and quality formation, while these processes are delayed in pskr1 mutant fruits. Transcriptomic profiling revealed that molecular events and metabolic pathways associated with fruit ripening and quality formation are affected in pskr1 mutant lines and transcription factors are involved in PSKR1-mediated ripening. Yeast screening further identified that DEHYDRATION-RESPONSIVE ELEMENT BINDING PROTEIN 2F (DREB2F) interacts with PSKR1. Silencing of DREB2F delayed the initiation of fruit ripening and inhibited the promoting effect of PSK on fruit ripening. Moreover, the interaction between PSKR1 and DREB2F led to phosphorylation of DREB2F. PSK improved the efficiency of DREB2F phosphorylation by PSKR1 at the tyrosine-30 site, and the phosphorylation of this site increased the transcription level of potential target genes related to the ripening process and functioned in promoting fruit ripening and quality formation. These findings shed light on the involvement of PSK and its downstream signaling molecule DREB2F in controlling climacteric fruit ripening, offering insights into the regulatory mechanisms governing ripening processes in fleshy fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanmo Fang
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jinhua Zuo
- Institute of Agro-Products Processing and Food Nutrition, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Qiaomei Ma
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xuanbo Zhang
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuanrui Xu
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shuting Ding
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qian Luo
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yimei Li
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Changqi Wu
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jianrong Lv
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jingquan Yu
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Kai Shi
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Gambhir P, Raghuvanshi U, Kumar R, Sharma AK. Transcriptional regulation of tomato fruit ripening. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 30:289-303. [PMID: 38623160 PMCID: PMC11016043 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-024-01424-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
An intrinsic and genetically determined ripening program of tomato fruits often depends upon the appropriate activation of tissue- and stage-specific transcription factors in space and time. The past two decades have yielded considerable progress in detailing these complex transcriptional as well as hormonal regulatory circuits paramount to fleshy fruit ripening. This non-linear ripening process is strongly controlled by the MADS-box and NOR family of proteins, triggering a transcriptional response associated with the progression of fruit ripening. Deepening insights into the connection between MADS-RIN and plant hormones related transcription factors, such as ERFs and ARFs, further conjugates the idea that several signaling units work in parallel to define an output fruit ripening transcriptome. Besides these TFs, the role of other families of transcription factors such as MYB, GLK, WRKY, GRAS and bHLH have also emerged as important ripening regulators. Other regulators such as EIN and EIL proteins also determine the transcriptional landscape of ripening fruits. Despite the abundant knowledge of the complex spectrum of ripening networks in the scientific domain, identifying more ripening effectors would pave the way for a better understanding of fleshy fruit ripening at the molecular level. This review provides an update on the transcriptional regulators of tomato fruit ripening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Gambhir
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021 India
| | - Utkarsh Raghuvanshi
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021 India
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046 India
| | - Arun Kumar Sharma
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021 India
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7
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Ma Z, Hu L, Jiang W. Understanding AP2/ERF Transcription Factor Responses and Tolerance to Various Abiotic Stresses in Plants: A Comprehensive Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:893. [PMID: 38255967 PMCID: PMC10815832 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Abiotic stress is an adverse environmental factor that severely affects plant growth and development, and plants have developed complex regulatory mechanisms to adapt to these unfavourable conditions through long-term evolution. In recent years, many transcription factor families of genes have been identified to regulate the ability of plants to respond to abiotic stresses. Among them, the AP2/ERF (APETALA2/ethylene responsive factor) family is a large class of plant-specific proteins that regulate plant response to abiotic stresses and can also play a role in regulating plant growth and development. This paper reviews the structural features and classification of AP2/ERF transcription factors that are involved in transcriptional regulation, reciprocal proteins, downstream genes, and hormone-dependent signalling and hormone-independent signalling pathways in response to abiotic stress. The AP2/ERF transcription factors can synergise with hormone signalling to form cross-regulatory networks in response to and tolerance of abiotic stresses. Many of the AP2/ERF transcription factors activate the expression of abiotic stress-responsive genes that are dependent or independent of abscisic acid and ethylene in response to abscisic acid and ethylene. In addition, the AP2/ERF transcription factors are involved in gibberellin, auxin, brassinosteroid, and cytokinin-mediated abiotic stress responses. The study of AP2/ERF transcription factors and interacting proteins, as well as the identification of their downstream target genes, can provide us with a more comprehensive understanding of the mechanism of plant action in response to abiotic stress, which can improve plants' ability to tolerate abiotic stress and provide a more theoretical basis for increasing plant yield under abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziming Ma
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China;
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Muehlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Plant Genetics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Emil Ramann Str. 4, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Lanjuan Hu
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China;
| | - Wenzhu Jiang
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China;
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Baranov D, Timerbaev V. Recent Advances in Studying the Regulation of Fruit Ripening in Tomato Using Genetic Engineering Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:760. [PMID: 38255834 PMCID: PMC10815249 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most commercially essential vegetable crops cultivated worldwide. In addition to the nutritional value, tomato is an excellent model for studying climacteric fruits' ripening processes. Despite this, the available natural pool of genes that allows expanding phenotypic diversity is limited, and the difficulties of crossing using classical selection methods when stacking traits increase proportionally with each additional feature. Modern methods of the genetic engineering of tomatoes have extensive potential applications, such as enhancing the expression of existing gene(s), integrating artificial and heterologous gene(s), pointing changes in target gene sequences while keeping allelic combinations characteristic of successful commercial varieties, and many others. However, it is necessary to understand the fundamental principles of the gene molecular regulation involved in tomato fruit ripening for its successful use in creating new varieties. Although the candidate genes mediate ripening have been identified, a complete picture of their relationship has yet to be formed. This review summarizes the latest (2017-2023) achievements related to studying the ripening processes of tomato fruits. This work attempts to systematize the results of various research articles and display the interaction pattern of genes regulating the process of tomato fruit ripening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Baranov
- Laboratory of Expression Systems and Plant Genome Modification, Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, 142290 Pushchino, Russia;
- Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering, All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, 127550 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vadim Timerbaev
- Laboratory of Expression Systems and Plant Genome Modification, Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, 142290 Pushchino, Russia;
- Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering, All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, 127550 Moscow, Russia
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Zhang Y, Yue S, Liu M, Wang X, Xu S, Zhang X, Zhou Y. Combined transcriptome and proteome analysis reveal the key physiological processes in seed germination stimulated by decreased salinity in the seagrass Zostera marina L. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:605. [PMID: 38030999 PMCID: PMC10688091 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04616-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zostera marina L., or eelgrass, is the most widespread seagrass species throughout the temperate northern hemisphere. Unlike the dry seeds of terrestrial plants, eelgrass seeds must survive in water, and salinity is the key factor influencing eelgrass seed germination. In the present study, transcriptome and proteome analysis were combined to investigate the mechanisms via which eelgrass seed germination was stimulated by low salinity, in addition to the dynamics of key metabolic pathways under germination. RESULTS According to the results, low salinity stimulated the activation of Ca2+ signaling and phosphatidylinositol signaling, and further initiated various germination-related physiological processes through the MAPK transduction cascade. Starch, lipids, and storage proteins were mobilized actively to provide the energy and material basis for germination; abscisic acid synthesis and signal transduction were inhibited whereas gibberellin synthesis and signal transduction were activated, weakening seed dormancy and preparing for germination; cell wall weakening and remodeling processes were activated to provide protection for cotyledon protrusion; in addition, multiple antioxidant systems were activated to alleviate oxidative stress generated during the germination process; ERF transcription factor has the highest number in both stages suggested an active role in eelgrass seed germination. CONCLUSION In summary, for the first time, the present study investigated the mechanisms by which eelgrass seed germination was stimulated by low salinity and analyzed the transcriptomic and proteomic features during eelgrass seed germination comprehensively. The results of the present study enhanced our understanding of seagrass seed germination, especially the molecular ecology of seagrass seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Shidong Yue
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Mingjie Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xinhua Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Shaochun Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xiaomei Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China.
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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10
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Prabhakar R, Gupta A, Singh R, Sane AP. Suppression of SlDREB3 increases leaf ABA responses and promotes drought tolerance in transgenic tomato plants. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 681:136-143. [PMID: 37774571 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.09.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Drought susceptibility is a major yield limiting factor in agricultural crops especially in hybrids/varieties that have been bred for high yields. We show that manipulation of the SlDREB3 gene in tomato alters ABA responses and thereby sensitivity of stomatal closure to ABA. SlDREB3 suppression lines show ABA hypersensitivity and rapid stomatal closure in response to ABA while over-expression lines show reduced sensitivity to ABA and open stomata even at high ABA levels with rapid water loss after 10 days of water stress. This is accompanied with high ROS levels and increased membrane damage due to senescence of leaves and drastically reduced survival in drought. The relative water content (RWC) of OEx lines is much reduced even when grown under well-watered conditions. In contrast, suppression lines show greater tolerance to water stress and almost complete survival to 10-day water stress. They show much reduced ROS levels, reduced membrane damage, higher RWC and reduced leaf water loss. These changes are associated with higher expression of ABA signalling pathway genes in suppression lines while these are highly reduced in OEx lines. The studies suggest that control of ABA signalling by SlDREB3 can help in withstanding severe drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakhi Prabhakar
- Plant Gene Expression Lab, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Lucknow, 226001, India; Department of Biotechnology, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi, 284128, India
| | - Asmita Gupta
- Plant Gene Expression Lab, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Lucknow, 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Rambir Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi, 284128, India; Department of Horticulture, Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Mizoram University, Aizawl, 796004, India
| | - Aniruddha P Sane
- Plant Gene Expression Lab, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Lucknow, 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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Pirona R, Frugis G, Locatelli F, Mattana M, Genga A, Baldoni E. Transcriptomic analysis reveals the gene regulatory networks involved in leaf and root response to osmotic stress in tomato. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1155797. [PMID: 37332696 PMCID: PMC10272567 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1155797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is a major horticultural crop that is cultivated worldwide and is characteristic of the Mediterranean agricultural system. It represents a key component of the diet of billion people and an important source of vitamins and carotenoids. Tomato cultivation in open field often experiences drought episodes, leading to severe yield losses, since most modern cultivars are sensitive to water deficit. Water stress leads to changes in the expression of stress-responsive genes in different plant tissues, and transcriptomics can support the identification of genes and pathways regulating this response. Methods Here, we performed a transcriptomic analysis of two tomato genotypes, M82 and Tondo, in response to a PEG-mediated osmotic treatment. The analysis was conducted separately on leaves and roots to characterize the specific response of these two organs. Results A total of 6,267 differentially expressed transcripts related to stress response was detected. The construction of gene co-expression networks defined the molecular pathways of the common and specific responses of leaf and root. The common response was characterized by ABA-dependent and ABA-independent signaling pathways, and by the interconnection between ABA and JA signaling. The root-specific response concerned genes involved in cell wall metabolism and remodeling, whereas the leaf-specific response was principally related to leaf senescence and ethylene signaling. The transcription factors representing the hubs of these regulatory networks were identified. Some of them have not yet been characterized and can represent novel candidates for tolerance. Discussion This work shed new light on the regulatory networks occurring in tomato leaf and root under osmotic stress and set the base for an in-depth characterization of novel stress-related genes that may represent potential candidates for improving tolerance to abiotic stress in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul Pirona
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (IBBA), Milano, Italy
| | - Giovanna Frugis
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (IBBA), Rome Unit, Roma, Italy
| | - Franca Locatelli
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (IBBA), Milano, Italy
| | - Monica Mattana
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (IBBA), Milano, Italy
| | - Annamaria Genga
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (IBBA), Milano, Italy
| | - Elena Baldoni
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (IBBA), Milano, Italy
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Habibpourmehraban F, Wu Y, Masoomi-Aladizgeh F, Amirkhani A, Atwell BJ, Haynes PA. Pre-Treatment of Rice Plants with ABA Makes Them More Tolerant to Multiple Abiotic Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119628. [PMID: 37298579 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple abiotic stress is known as a type of environmental unfavourable condition maximizing the yield and growth gap of crops compared with the optimal condition in both natural and cultivated environments. Rice is the world's most important staple food, and its production is limited the most by environmental unfavourable conditions. In this study, we investigated the pre-treatment of abscisic acid (ABA) on the tolerance of the IAC1131 rice genotype to multiple abiotic stress after a 4-day exposure to combined drought, salt and extreme temperature treatments. A total of 3285 proteins were identified and quantified across the four treatment groups, consisting of control and stressed plants with and without pre-treatment with ABA, with 1633 of those proteins found to be differentially abundant between groups. Compared with the control condition, pre-treatment with the ABA hormone significantly mitigated the leaf damage against combined abiotic stress at the proteome level. Furthermore, the application of exogenous ABA did not affect the proteome profile of the control plants remarkably, while the results were different in stress-exposed plants by a greater number of proteins changed in abundance, especially those which were increased. Taken together, these results suggest that exogenous ABA has a potential priming effect for enhancing the rice seedlings' tolerance against combined abiotic stress, mainly by affecting stress-responsive mechanisms dependent on ABA signalling pathways in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Habibpourmehraban
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
- Biomolecular Discovery Research Centre, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Yunqi Wu
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
- Australian Proteome Analysis Facility (APAF), Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Farhad Masoomi-Aladizgeh
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
- Biomolecular Discovery Research Centre, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Ardeshir Amirkhani
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
- Australian Proteome Analysis Facility (APAF), Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Brian J Atwell
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
- Biomolecular Discovery Research Centre, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Paul A Haynes
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
- Biomolecular Discovery Research Centre, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
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13
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Upadhyay RK, Motyka V, Pokorna E, Dobrev PI, Lacek J, Shao J, Lewers KS, Mattoo AK. Comprehensive profiling of endogenous phytohormones and expression analysis of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase gene family during fruit development and ripening in octoploid strawberry (Fragaria× ananassa). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 196:186-196. [PMID: 36724703 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The non-climacteric octoploid strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duchesne ex Rozier) was used as a model to study its regulation during fruit ripening. High performance liquid chromatography electrospray tandem-mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) was employed to profile 28 different endogenous phytohormones in strawberry. These include auxins, cytokinins (CKs), abscisic acid (ABA), ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), jasmonates, and phenolic compounds salicylic acid (SA), benzoic acid (BzA) and phenylacetic acid (PAA) together with their various metabolic forms that have remained largely unexplored thus far. ABA, ACC and CK N6-(Δ2-isopentenyl)adenine (iP) were found to be associated with ripening while ABA catabolites 9-hydroxy-ABA and phaseic acid mimicked the pattern of climacteric decline at the turning phase of strawberry ripening. The content of other CK forms except iP decreased as fruit ripened, as also that of auxins indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and oxo-IAA, and of jasmonates. Data presented here also suggest that both the transition and progression of strawberry fruit ripening are associated with N6-(Δ2-isopentenyl)adenosine-5'-monophosphate (iPRMP) → N6-(Δ2-isopentenyl)adenosine (iPR) → iP as the preferred CK metabolic pathway. In contrast, the ethylene precursor ACC was present at higher levels, with its abundance increasing from the onset of ripening to the red ripe stage. Further investigation of ripening-specific ACC accumulation revealed the presence of a large ACC synthase (ACS) encoding gene family in octoploid strawberry that was previously unknown. Seventeen ACS genes were found differentially expressed in fruit tissues, while six of them showed induced expression during strawberry fruit ripening. These data suggest a possible role(s) of ACC, ABA, and iP in strawberry fruit ripening. These data add new dimension to the existing knowledge of the interplay of different endogenous phytohormones in octoploid strawberry, paving the way for further investigation of their individual role(s) in fruit ripening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh K Upadhyay
- Sustainable Agricultural Systems Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Henry A. Wallace Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD, 20705-2350, USA.
| | - Vaclav Motyka
- Laboratory of Hormonal Regulations in Plants, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Pokorna
- Laboratory of Hormonal Regulations in Plants, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petre I Dobrev
- Laboratory of Hormonal Regulations in Plants, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jozef Lacek
- Laboratory of Hormonal Regulations in Plants, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jonathan Shao
- Bioinformatics-North-East Area Office, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Henry A. Wallace Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD, 20705-2350, USA
| | - Kim S Lewers
- Genetic Improvement of Fruits and Vegetables Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Henry A. Wallace Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD, 20705-2350, USA
| | - Autar K Mattoo
- Sustainable Agricultural Systems Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Henry A. Wallace Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD, 20705-2350, USA.
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Zhou T, Li R, Yu Q, Wang J, Pan J, Lai T. Proteomic Changes in Response to Colorless nonripening Mutation during Tomato Fruit Ripening. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3570. [PMID: 36559681 PMCID: PMC9782875 DOI: 10.3390/plants11243570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
SlSPL-CNR is a multifunctional transcription factor gene that plays important roles in regulating tomato fruit ripening. However, the molecular basis of SlSPL-CNR in the regulatory networks is not exactly clear. In the present study, the biochemical characteristics and expression levels of genes involved in ethylene biosynthesis in Colorless nonripening (Cnr) natural mutant were determined. The proteomic changes during the ripening stage were also uncovered by isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based quantitative proteomic analysis. Results indicated that both the lycopene content and soluble solid content (SSC) in Cnr fruit were lower than those in wild-type AC fruit. Meanwhile, pH, flavonoid content, and chlorophyll content were higher in Cnr fruit. Expressions of genes involved in ethylene biosynthesis were also downregulated or delayed in Cnr fruit. Furthermore, 1024 and 1234 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were respectively identified for the breaker and 10 days postbreaker stages. Among them, a total of 512 proteins were differentially expressed at both stages. In addition, the functions of DEPs were classified by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis. Results would lay the groundwork for wider explorations of the regulatory mechanism of SlSPL-CNR on tomato fruit ripening.
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15
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Deng Y, Liu R, Zheng M, Wang Z, Yu S, Zhou Y, Zhou Z, Diao J. From the First to Third Generation of Neonicotinoids: Implication for Saving the Loss of Fruit Quality and Flavor by Pesticide Applications. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:15415-15429. [PMID: 36451590 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Neonicotinoids can control crop pests with high efficiency and low cost and have quickly swept one-fourth of the global insecticide market since the launch of imidacloprid in 1991. Imidacloprid and acetamiprid, the first generation of neonicotinoids, and dinotefuran, the representative of third generation of neonicotinoids, were applied on tomato plants individually to investigate neonicotinoid effects on tomato fruit quality, especially on appearance parameters, sugar, acid, and aroma compounds. Compared with the control, fewer differences in the transcriptome profile, sugar, acid, and volatile organic compound (VOC) contents, and sensory analysis results were shown in dinotefuran treatments than in the other two treatments. Therefore, dinotefuran was more recommended to control pests of tomatoes with less loss of fruit flavor and quality as well as lower ecological risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Deng
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Rui Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Meiling Zheng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Zikang Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Simin Yu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Yihui Zhou
- Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100043, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Jinling Diao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
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Maqsood H, Munir F, Amir R, Gul A. Genome-wide identification, comprehensive characterization of transcription factors, cis-regulatory elements, protein homology, and protein interaction network of DREB gene family in Solanum lycopersicum. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1031679. [PMID: 36507398 PMCID: PMC9731513 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1031679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Tomato is a drought-sensitive crop which has high susceptibility to adverse climatic changes. Dehydration-responsive element-binding (DREB) are significant plant transcription factors that have a vital role in regulating plant abiotic stress tolerance by networking with DRE/CRT cis-regulatory elements in response to stresses. In this study, bioinformatics analysis was performed to conduct the genome-wide identification and characterization of DREB genes and promoter elements in Solanum lycopersicum. In genome-wide coverage, 58 SlDREB genes were discovered on 12 chromosomes that justified the criteria of the presence of AP2 domain as conserved motifs. Intron-exon organization and motif analysis showed consistency with phylogenetic analysis and confirmed the absence of the A3 class, thus dividing the SlDREB genes into five categories. Gene expansion was observed through tandem duplication and segmental duplication gene events in SlDREB genes. Ka/Ks values were calculated in ortholog pairs that indicated divergence time and occurrence of purification selection during the evolutionary period. Synteny analysis demonstrated that 32 out of 58 and 47 out of 58 SlDREB genes were orthologs to Arabidopsis and Solanum tuberosum, respectively. Subcellular localization predicted that SlDREB genes were present in the nucleus and performed primary functions in DNA binding to regulate the transcriptional processes according to gene ontology. Cis-acting regulatory element analysis revealed the presence of 103 motifs in 2.5-kbp upstream promoter sequences of 58 SlDREB genes. Five representative SlDREB proteins were selected from the resultant DREB subgroups for 3D protein modeling through the Phyre2 server. All models confirmed about 90% residues in the favorable region through Ramachandran plot analysis. Moreover, active catalytic sites and occurrence in disorder regions indicated the structural and functional flexibility of SlDREB proteins. Protein association networks through STRING software suggested the potential interactors that belong to different gene families and are involved in regulating similar functional and biological processes. Transcriptome data analysis has revealed that the SlDREB gene family is engaged in defense response against drought and heat stress conditions in tomato. Overall, this comprehensive research reveals the identification and characterization of SlDREB genes that provide potential knowledge for improving abiotic stress tolerance in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Faiza Munir
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
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17
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Zhai L, Xie L, Xu J, Xu B, Dong J, Zhang X. Study on exogenous application of thidiazuron on seed size of Brassica napus L. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:998698. [PMID: 36147221 PMCID: PMC9486165 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.998698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Thidiazuron (TDZ) is a novel and efficient cytokinin commonly used in tissue culture, and numerous studies have demonstrated that TDZ can increase berry size. However, no study to date has explored the effect of TDZ on seed size of Brassica napus and the mechanism. To shed light on the effect of TDZ on the seed size of B. napus, four different concentrations of TDZ were applied to B. napus. Results indicated that TDZ treatment could increase the seed diameter and silique length of B. napus to varying degrees and 100 and 200 μmol/L TDZ treatments were the most effective with a 3.6 and 4.6% increase in seed diameter, respectively. In addition, the yield of B. napus was also substantially increased under TDZ treatment. On the other hand, confocal micrographs of embryos and cotyledon cells suggested that embryos and their cotyledon epidermal cells treated with 200 μmol/L TDZ were obviously larger in size than the control. Furthermore, TDZ promoted the upregulation of some key maternal tissue growth-related genes, including two G-protein signaling genes (AGG3 and RGA1) and two transcriptional regulators (ANT and GS2). The expression analysis of genes related to the auxin metabolic pathways, G-protein signaling, endosperm growth and transcriptional regulators confirmed that treatment with TDZ negatively regulated the key genes ABI5, AGB1, AP2, ARF2, and ARF18 during bud development stage and florescence. The results strongly suggested that TDZ might regulate the transcriptional levels of key genes involved in auxin metabolic pathways, G-protein signaling, endosperm growth and transcriptional regulators, which resulted in bigger cotyledon epidermal cells and seed size in B. napus. This study explored the mechanism of TDZ treatment on the seed size of B. napus and provided an important reference for improving rapeseed yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhai
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Yangtze University, Hubei, China
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Hubei, China
| | - Lingli Xie
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Yangtze University, Hubei, China
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Hubei, China
| | - JinSong Xu
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Yangtze University, Hubei, China
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Hubei, China
| | - Benbo Xu
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Yangtze University, Hubei, China
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Hubei, China
| | - Jing Dong
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Hubei, China
| | - XueKun Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Yangtze University, Hubei, China
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Hubei, China
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Ectopic Expression of CsSUN in Tomato Results in Elongated Fruit Shape via Regulation of Longitudinal Cell Division. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179973. [PMID: 36077369 PMCID: PMC9456224 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fruit shape, an important agronomic trait of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), is tightly controlled by a series of genes such as CsSUN, a homologue of SlSUN that is responsible for the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit shape via the modulation of cell division. However, the direct genetic evidence about the CsSUN-mediated regulation of fruit shape is still scarce, limiting our mechanistic understanding of the biological functions of CsSUN. Here, we introduced CsSUN into the round-fruited tomato inbred line ‘SN1′ (wild type, WT) via the Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated method. The high and constitutive expression of CsSUN was revealed by real-time PCR in all the tested tissues of the transgenic plants, especially in the fruits and ovaries. Phenotypic analyses showed that the ectopic expression of CsSUN increased fruit length while it decreased fruit diameter, thus leading to the enhanced fruit shape index in the transgenic tomato lines relative to the WT. Additionally, the reduction in the seed size and seed-setting rate and the stimulation of seed germination were observed in the CsSUN-expressed tomato. A histological survey demonstrated that the elongated fruits were mainly derived from the significant increasing of the longitudinal cell number, which compensated for the negative effects of decreased cell area in the central columellae. These observations are different from action mode of SlSUN, thus shedding new insights into the SUN-mediated regulation of fruit shape.
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