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Kang X, Zhao L, Liu X. Calcium Signaling and the Response to Heat Shock in Crop Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:324. [PMID: 38203495 PMCID: PMC10778685 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Climate change and the increasing frequency of high temperature (HT) events are significant threats to global crop yields. To address this, a comprehensive understanding of how plants respond to heat shock (HS) is essential. Signaling pathways involving calcium (Ca2+), a versatile second messenger in plants, encode information through temporal and spatial variations in ion concentration. Ca2+ is detected by Ca2+-sensing effectors, including channels and binding proteins, which trigger specific cellular responses. At elevated temperatures, the cytosolic concentration of Ca2+ in plant cells increases rapidly, making Ca2+ signals the earliest response to HS. In this review, we discuss the crucial role of Ca2+ signaling in raising plant thermotolerance, and we explore its multifaceted contributions to various aspects of the plant HS response (HSR).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Liqun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China;
| | - Xiaotong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China;
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Patra N, Hariharan S, Gain H, Maiti MK, Das A, Banerjee J. TypiCal but DeliCate Ca ++re: Dissecting the Essence of Calcium Signaling Network as a Robust Response Coordinator of Versatile Abiotic and Biotic Stimuli in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:752246. [PMID: 34899779 PMCID: PMC8655846 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.752246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Plant growth, development, and ultimately crop productivity are largely impacted by the interaction of plants with different abiotic and biotic factors throughout their life cycle. Perception of different abiotic stresses, such as salt, cold, drought, heat, and heavy metals, and interaction with beneficial and harmful biotic agents by plants lead to transient, sustained, or oscillatory changes of [calcium ion, Ca2+]cyt within the cell. Significant progress has been made in the decoding of Ca2+ signatures into downstream responses to modulate differential developmental and physiological responses in the whole plant. Ca2+ sensor proteins, mainly calmodulins (CaMs), calmodulin-like proteins (CMLs), and others, such as Ca2+-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs), calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs), and calmodulin-binding transcription activators (CAMTAs) have played critical roles in coupling the specific stress stimulus with an appropriate response. This review summarizes the current understanding of the Ca2+ influx and efflux system in plant cells and various Ca2+ binding protein-mediated signal transduction pathways that are delicately orchestrated to mitigate abiotic and biotic stresses. The probable interactions of different components of Ca2+ sensor relays and Ca2+ sensor responders in response to various external stimuli have been described diagrammatically focusing on established pathways and latest developments. Present comprehensive insight into key components of the Ca2+ signaling toolkit in plants can provide an innovative framework for biotechnological manipulations toward crop improvability in near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelesh Patra
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Shruthi Hariharan
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Hena Gain
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Mrinal K. Maiti
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Arpita Das
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, India
| | - Joydeep Banerjee
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
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Wu HC, Bulgakov VP, Jinn TL. Pectin Methylesterases: Cell Wall Remodeling Proteins Are Required for Plant Response to Heat Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1612. [PMID: 30459794 PMCID: PMC6232315 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress (HS) is expected to be of increasing worldwide concern in the near future, especially with regard to crop yield and quality as a consequence of rising or varying temperatures as a result of global climate change. HS response (HSR) is a highly conserved mechanism among different organisms but shows remarkable complexity and unique features in plants. The transcriptional regulation of HSR is controlled by HS transcription factors (HSFs) which allow the activation of HS-responsive genes, among which HS proteins (HSPs) are best characterized. Cell wall remodeling constitutes an important component of plant responses to HS to maintain overall function and growth; however, little is known about the connection between cell wall remodeling and HSR. Pectin controls cell wall porosity and has been shown to exhibit structural variation during plant growth and in response to HS. Pectin methylesterases (PMEs) are present in multigene families and encode isoforms with different action patterns by removal of methyl esters to influencing the properties of cell wall. We aimed to elucidate how plant cell walls respond to certain environmental cues through cell wall-modifying proteins in connection with modifications in cell wall machinery. An overview of recent findings shed light on PMEs contribute to a change in cell-wall composition/structure. The fine-scale modulation of apoplastic calcium ions (Ca2+) content could be mediated by PMEs in response to abiotic stress for both the assembly and disassembly of the pectic network. In particular, this modulation is prevalent in guard cell walls for regulating cell wall plasticity as well as stromal aperture size, which comprise critical determinants of plant adaptation to HS. These insights provide a foundation for further research to reveal details of the cell wall machinery and stress-responsive factors to provide targets and strategies to facilitate plant adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Chen Wu
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, National University of Tainan, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Victor P. Bulgakov
- Institute of Biology and Soil Science, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Tsung-Luo Jinn
- Department of Life Science, Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Identification, Characterization and Expression Profiling of Stress-Related Genes in Easter Lily (Lilium formolongi). Genes (Basel) 2017. [PMCID: PMC5541305 DOI: 10.3390/genes8070172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Biotic and abiotic stresses are the major causes of crop loss in lily worldwide. In this study, we retrieved 12 defense-related expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from the NCBI database and cloned, characterized, and established seven of these genes as stress-induced genes in Lilium formolongi. Using rapid amplification of cDNA ends PCR (RACE-PCR), we successfully cloned seven full-length mRNA sequences from L. formolongi line Sinnapal lily. Based on the presence of highly conserved characteristic domains and phylogenetic analysis using reference protein sequences, we provided new nomenclature for the seven nucleotide and protein sequences and submitted them to GenBank. The real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) relative expression analysis of these seven genes, including LfHsp70-1, LfHsp70-2, LfHsp70-3, LfHsp90, LfUb, LfCyt-b5, and LfRab, demonstrated that they were differentially expressed in all organs examined, possibly indicating functional redundancy. We also investigated the qPCR relative expression levels under two biotic and four abiotic stress conditions. All seven genes were induced by Botrytis cinerea treatment, and all genes except LfHsp70-3 and LfHsp90 were induced by Botrytis elliptica treatment; these genes might be associated with disease tolerance mechanisms in L. formolongi. In addition, LfHsp70-1, LfHsp70-2, LfHsp70-3, LfHsp90, LfUb, and LfCyt-b5 were induced by heat treatment, LfHsp70-1, LfHsp70-2, LfHsp70-3, LfHsp90, and LfCyt-b5 were induced by cold treatment, and LfHsp70-1, LfHsp70-2, LfHsp70-3, LfHsp90, LfCy-b5, and LfRab were induced by drought and salt stress, indicating their likely association with tolerance to these stress conditions. The stress-induced candidate genes identified in this study provide a basis for further functional analysis and the development of stress-resistant L. formolongi cultivars.
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Cha JY, Kim J, Kim TS, Zeng Q, Wang L, Lee SY, Kim WY, Somers DE. GIGANTEA is a co-chaperone which facilitates maturation of ZEITLUPE in the Arabidopsis circadian clock. Nat Commun 2017; 8:3. [PMID: 28232745 PMCID: PMC5431898 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-016-0014-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian clock systems help establish the correct daily phasing of the behavioral, developmental, and molecular events needed for the proper coordination of physiology and metabolism. The circadian oscillator comprises transcription–translation feedback loops but also requires post-translational processes that regulate clock protein homeostasis. GIGANTEA is a unique plant protein involved in the maintenance and control of numerous facets of plant physiology and development. Through an unknown mechanism GIGANTEA stabilizes the F-box protein ZEITLUPE, a key regulator of the circadian clock. Here, we show that GIGANTEA has general protein chaperone activity and can act to specifically facilitate ZEITLUPE maturation into an active form in vitro and in planta. GIGANTEA forms a ternary complex with HSP90 and ZEITLUPE and its co-chaperone action synergistically enhances HSP90/HSP70 maturation of ZEITLUPE in vitro. These results identify a molecular mechanism for GIGANTEA activity that can explain its wide-ranging role in plant biology. The plant-specific GIGANTEA protein regulates the circadian clock by stabilizing the F-box protein ZEITLUPE via an unknown mechanism. Here Cha et al. show that GIGANTEA has intrinsic chaperone activity and can facilitate ZEITLUPE maturation by acting synergistically with HSP90.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon-Yung Cha
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus), PMBBRC &IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongsik Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, 43210, USA.,Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daegu, 711-873, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Sung Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, 43210, USA.,Department of Agricultural Sciences, Korea National Open University, Seoul, 03087, Republic of Korea
| | - Qingning Zeng
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, 43210, USA
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, 43210, USA.,Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Sang Yeol Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus), PMBBRC &IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Woe-Yeon Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus), PMBBRC &IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea.
| | - David E Somers
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, 43210, USA.
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Cha JY, Lee SH, Seo KH, Choi YJ, Cheong MS, Son D. N-terminal arm of orchardgrass Hsp17.2 (DgHsp17.2) is essential for both in vitro chaperone activity and in vivo thermotolerance in yeast. Arch Biochem Biophys 2015; 591:18-27. [PMID: 26724757 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2015.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Small heat shock proteins are well-known to function as chaperone in the protection of proteins and subcellular structures against stress-induced denaturation in many cell compartments. Irrespective of such general functional assignment, a proof of function in a living organism is missing. Here, we used heat-induced orchardgrass small Hsp17.2 (DgHsp17.2). Its function in in vitro chaperone properties has shown in protecting the model substrate, malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and citrate synthase (CS). Overexpression of DgHsp17.2 triggering strong chaperone activity enhanced in vivo thermotolerance of yeast cells. To identify the functional domain on DgHsp17.2 and correlationship between in vitro chaperone property and in vivo thermotolerance, we generated truncation mutants of DgHsp17.2 and showed essentiality of the N-terminal arm of DgHsp17.2 for the chaperone function. In addition, beyond for acquisition of thermotolerance irrespective of sequences are diverse among the small Hsps. However, any truncation mutants of DgHsp17.2 did not exhibit strong interaction with orchardgrass heat shock protein 70 (DgHsp70) different from mature DgHsp17.2, indicating that full-length DgHsp17.2 is necessary for cooperating with Hsp70 protein. Our study indicates that the N-terminal arm of DgHsp17.2 is an important region for chaperone activity and thermotolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon-Yung Cha
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang-Hoon Lee
- Grassland & Forages Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan 330-801, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyung Hye Seo
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, Eumsung 3369-873, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young Jin Choi
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - Mi Sun Cheong
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - Daeyoung Son
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea; Department of Plant Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea.
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Mulaudzi-Masuku T, Mutepe RD, Mukhoro OC, Faro A, Ndimba B. Identification and characterization of a heat-inducible Hsp70 gene from Sorghum bicolor which confers tolerance to thermal stress. Cell Stress Chaperones 2015; 20:793-804. [PMID: 26072391 PMCID: PMC4529866 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-015-0591-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Revised: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study describes the first detailed molecular characterization of the heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) gene from Sorghum bicolor, MN1618 designated as SbHsp70-1. The full-length cDNA of SbHsp70-1 consists of 2524 bp with a 1950 bp open reading frame, which encodes a protein of 649 amino acids. SbHsp70-1 is a cytoplasmic protein with high homology to other plant Hsp70s, especially grain crops. Recombinant SbHsp70-1 was able to bind and hydrolyse ATP in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting that SbHsp70-1 functions as an ATPase. Immunoblot assays showed that the expression of SbHsp70-1 is induced at temperatures of 37, 45, and 4 °C but reduced at 42 °C. In addition, the SbHsp70-1 mRNA transcript is constitutively expressed in both leaves and stem but is significantly increased upon heat shock at 42 °C. Upon cold shock at 4 °C, SbHsp70-1 mRNA transcript level increased in the leaf, but no significant change was observed in the stem. In addition, expression of the pET28a-SbHsp70-1 construct in Escherichia coli cells under heat stress resulted in their survival even at higher temperature (65 °C). Our results suggest that SbHsp70-1 is a heat-inducible protein that confer thermal tolerance to bacterial cells and can be claimed as a promising target to study stress tolerance in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takalani Mulaudzi-Masuku
- />Proteomics Research and Services Unit, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Level 2—New Life Sciences Building, Modderdam Road, Private Bag X17, Bellville, 7535 Cape Town South Africa
- />Proteomics Unit, Agricultural Research Council, Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, Private Bag X5026, Stellenbosch, 7599 South Africa
| | - Rendani Daphney Mutepe
- />Proteomics Research and Services Unit, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Level 2—New Life Sciences Building, Modderdam Road, Private Bag X17, Bellville, 7535 Cape Town South Africa
- />Proteomics Unit, Agricultural Research Council, Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, Private Bag X5026, Stellenbosch, 7599 South Africa
| | - Ofhani Christopher Mukhoro
- />Proteomics Research and Services Unit, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Level 2—New Life Sciences Building, Modderdam Road, Private Bag X17, Bellville, 7535 Cape Town South Africa
| | - Andrew Faro
- />Proteomics Research and Services Unit, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Level 2—New Life Sciences Building, Modderdam Road, Private Bag X17, Bellville, 7535 Cape Town South Africa
| | - Bongani Ndimba
- />Proteomics Research and Services Unit, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Level 2—New Life Sciences Building, Modderdam Road, Private Bag X17, Bellville, 7535 Cape Town South Africa
- />Proteomics Unit, Agricultural Research Council, Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, Private Bag X5026, Stellenbosch, 7599 South Africa
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Zeng H, Xu L, Singh A, Wang H, Du L, Poovaiah BW. Involvement of calmodulin and calmodulin-like proteins in plant responses to abiotic stresses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:600. [PMID: 26322054 PMCID: PMC4532166 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Transient changes in intracellular Ca(2+) concentration have been well recognized to act as cell signals coupling various environmental stimuli to appropriate physiological responses with accuracy and specificity in plants. Calmodulin (CaM) and calmodulin-like proteins (CMLs) are major Ca(2+) sensors, playing critical roles in interpreting encrypted Ca(2+) signals. Ca(2+)-loaded CaM/CMLs interact and regulate a broad spectrum of target proteins such as channels/pumps/antiporters for various ions, transcription factors, protein kinases, protein phosphatases, metabolic enzymes, and proteins with unknown biochemical functions. Many of the target proteins of CaM/CMLs directly or indirectly regulate plant responses to environmental stresses. Basic information about stimulus-induced Ca(2+) signal and overview of Ca(2+) signal perception and transduction are briefly discussed in the beginning of this review. How CaM/CMLs are involved in regulating plant responses to abiotic stresses are emphasized in this review. Exciting progress has been made in the past several years, such as the elucidation of Ca(2+)/CaM-mediated regulation of AtSR1/CAMTA3 and plant responses to chilling and freezing stresses, Ca(2+)/CaM-mediated regulation of CAT3, MAPK8 and MKP1 in homeostasis control of reactive oxygen species signals, discovery of CaM7 as a DNA-binding transcription factor regulating plant response to light signals. However, many key questions in Ca(2+)/CaM-mediated signaling warrant further investigation. Ca(2+)/CaM-mediated regulation of most of the known target proteins is presumed based on their interaction. The downstream targets of CMLs are mostly unknown, and how specificity of Ca(2+) signaling could be realized through the actions of CaM/CMLs and their target proteins is largely unknown. Future breakthroughs in Ca(2+)/CaM-mediated signaling will not only improve our understanding of how plants respond to environmental stresses, but also provide the knowledge base to improve stress-tolerance of crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houqing Zeng
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Luqin Xu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Amarjeet Singh
- Laboratory of Molecular Plant Science, Department of Horticulture, Washington State University, PullmanWA, USA
| | - Huizhong Wang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Liqun Du
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - B. W. Poovaiah
- Laboratory of Molecular Plant Science, Department of Horticulture, Washington State University, PullmanWA, USA
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Kamal AHM, Rashid H, Sakata K, Komatsu S. Gel-free quantitative proteomic approach to identify cotyledon proteins in soybean under flooding stress. J Proteomics 2015; 112:1-13. [PMID: 25201076 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2014.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2014] [Revised: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Flooding stress causes growth inhibition and ultimately death in most crop species by limiting of energy production. To better understand plant responses to flooding stress, here, flooding-responsive proteins in the cotyledons of soybean were identified using a gel-free quantitative proteomic approach. One hundred forty six proteins were commonly observed in both control and flooding-stressed plants, and 19 were identified under only flooding stress conditions. The main functional categories were protein and development-related proteins. Protein-protein interaction analysis revealed that zincin-like metalloprotease and cupin family proteins were found to highly interact with other proteins under flooding stress. Plant stearoyl acyl-carrier protein, ascorbate peroxidase 1, and secretion-associated RAS superfamily 2 were down-regulated, whereas ferretin 1 was up-regulated at the transcription level. Notably, the levels of all corresponding proteins were decreased, indicating that mRNA translation to proteins is impaired under flooding conditions. Decreased levels of ferritin may lead to a strong deregulation of the expression of several metal transporter genes and over-accumulation of iron, which led to increased levels of reactive oxygen species, resulting to detoxification of these reactive species. Taken together, these results suggest that ferritin might have an essential role in protecting plant cells against oxidative damage under flooding conditions. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE This study reported the comparative proteomic analysis of cotyledon of soybean plants between non-flooding and flooding conditions using the gel-free quantitative techniques. Mass spectrometry analysis of the proteins from cotyledon resulted in the identification of a total of 165 proteins under flooding stress. These proteins were assigned to different functional categories, such as protein, development, stress, redox, and glycolysis. Therefore, this study provides not only the comparative proteomic analysis but also the molecular mechanism underlying the flooding responsive protein functions in the cotyledon.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hamid Rashid
- Mohammad Ali Jinnah University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Katsumi Sakata
- Maebashi Institute of Technology, Maebashi 371-0816, Japan
| | - Setsuko Komatsu
- National Institute of Crop Science, NARO, Tsukuba 305-8518, Japan.
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Komatsu S, Makino T, Yasue H. Proteomic and biochemical analyses of the cotyledon and root of flooding-stressed soybean plants. PLoS One 2013; 8:e65301. [PMID: 23799004 PMCID: PMC3683008 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0065301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flooding significantly reduces the growth and grain yield of soybean plants. Proteomic and biochemical techniques were used to determine whether the function of cotyledon and root is altered in soybean under flooding stress. RESULTS Two-day-old soybean plants were flooded for 2 days, after which the proteins from root and cotyledon were extracted for proteomic analysis. In response to flooding stress, the abundance of 73 and 28 proteins was significantly altered in the root and cotyledon, respectively. The accumulation of only one protein, 70 kDa heat shock protein (HSP70) (Glyma17g08020.1), increased in both organs following flooding. The ratio of protein abundance of HSP70 and biophoton emission in the cotyledon was higher than those detected in the root under flooding stress. Computed tomography and elemental analyses revealed that flooding stress decreases the number of calcium oxalate crystal the cotyledon, indicating calcium ion was elevated in the cotyledon under flooding stress. CONCLUSION These results suggest that calcium might play one role through HSP70 in the cotyledon under flooding stress.
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