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Yang J, Guo C, Chen F, Lv B, Song J, Ning G, He Y, Lin J, He H, Yang Y, Xiang F. Heat-induced modulation of flavonoid biosynthesis via a LhMYBC2-Mediated regulatory network in oriental hybrid lily. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 214:108966. [PMID: 39059274 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Global warming significantly threatens crop production, and adversely affects plant physiology due to rising temperatures. Oriental hybrid lily, an ornamental plant of economic importance, experiences flower color changes in response to elevated temperatures. Anthocyanins belong to a subgroup of flavonoids and are the primary pigments responsible for the coloration of oriental hybrid lily petals. However, the regulatory mechanisms governing flavonoid biosynthesis under high temperature conditions in lilies remain poorly understood. In this study, we revealed the altered metabolite profiles in flavonoid biosynthesis using quasi-targeted metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses. Isoflavonoids accumulate substantially under high temperature conditions, whereas the accumulation of anthocyanin decreases. The expression of the isoflavone reductase gene (LhIFR) and the transcription factor LhMYBC2 were upregulated in response to high temperatures. The LhMYBC2 protein, which belongs to Subgroup 4-AtMYB4, competes with the anthocyanin positive regulator LhMYBA1 for the LhTT8 partner, thereby repressing the formation of a positively regulated transcription complex. Heterologous overexpression of LhMYBC2 in tobacco led to reduced anthocyanin accumulation and increased isoflavonoid accumulation, corroborating its role in inhibiting anthocyanin biosynthesis. This study proposes a regulatory model wherein LhMYBC2 acts as a mediator of flavonoid biosynthesis, influencing the coloration of lily flowers under high-temperature stress. These findings deepen our understanding of the metabolic and transcriptional responses of lily to heat stress and underscore the potential role of LhMYBC2 in mitigating anthocyanin accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Hubei Research Center of Flower, Industrial Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064, China; Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China.
| | - Cong Guo
- Hubei Research Center of Flower, Industrial Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Hubei Research Center of Flower, Industrial Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064, China
| | - Bo Lv
- Hubei Research Center of Flower, Industrial Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064, China
| | - Jurong Song
- Hubei Research Center of Flower, Industrial Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064, China
| | - Guogui Ning
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yanhong He
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jianguo Lin
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
| | - Hengbing He
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yang
- Hubei Research Center of Flower, Industrial Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064, China
| | - Fayun Xiang
- Hubei Research Center of Flower, Industrial Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064, China
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Zhang X, Cheng L, Shang H, Chen Q, Lu M, Mu D, Li X, Meng X, Wu Y, Han X, Liu D, Xu Y. Research advances of coloring mechanism regulated by MicroRNAs in plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 215:109036. [PMID: 39128404 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
In plants, microRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of important small RNAs involved in their growth and development, and play a very significant role in regulating their tissue coloring. In this paper, the mechanisms on miRNA regulation of plant coloring are mainly reviewed from three aspects: macroscopic physiological and molecular foundations related to tissue coloring, miRNA biosynthesis and function, and specific analysis of miRNA regulation studies on leaf color, flower color, fruit color, and other tissue color formation in plants. Furthermore, we also systematically summarize the miRNA regulatory mechanisms identified on pigments biosynthesis and color formation in plants, and the regulatory mechanisms of these miRNAs mentioned on the existing researches can be divided into four main categories: directly targeting the related transcription factors, directly targeting the related structural genes, directly targeting the related long noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs) and miRNA-mediated production of trans-acting small interfering RNAs (ta-siRNAs). Together, these research results aim to provide a theoretical reference for the in-depth study of plant coloring mechanism and molecular breeding study of related plants in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinpeng Zhang
- Landscape Architecture Research Center, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, China
| | - Lizhen Cheng
- Qilu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Jinan, 250101, China
| | - Hong Shang
- Landscape Architecture Research Center, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Landscape Architecture Research Center, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, China
| | - Mei Lu
- Landscape Architecture Research Center, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, China
| | - Deyu Mu
- Landscape Architecture Research Center, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Landscape Architecture Research Center, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, China
| | - Xiang Meng
- Landscape Architecture Research Center, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, China
| | - Yawei Wu
- Landscape Architecture Research Center, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, China
| | - Xin Han
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Daliang Liu
- Landscape Architecture Research Center, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, China.
| | - Yanfang Xu
- Landscape Architecture Research Center, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, China.
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Qu Y, Ou Z, Yong QQ, Yao X, Luo J. Coloration differences in three Camellia reticulata Lindl. cultivars: 'Tongzimian', 'Shizitou' and 'Damanao'. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:18. [PMID: 38166751 PMCID: PMC10759361 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04655-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Camellia reticulata Lindl., also known as Yunnan Camellia, is an important ornamental plant in China, especially for its large and stunning flowers. A comprehensive understanding of their coloration mechanisms can aid breeders in developing new cultivars and improving their ornamental value; however, it is still unclear in Yunnan Camellia, especially in mixed-color flowers. In this study, we conducted metabolic and transcriptomic comparison analyses to investigate the coloration differences in three Yunnan Camellia cultivars: C. reticulata 'Shizitou' (SZT), C. reticulata 'Damanao' (MN), and C. reticulata 'Tongzimian' (TZM). Our results revealed that the initial flowering stage may play a critical role in the color change of MN. Metabolome analysis demonstrated that cyanidin was the primary anthocyanin in SZT and MN's red region, while its content was low in TZM and MN's white region. According to the transcriptome analysis, the anthocyanins biosynthesis pathway was reconstructed in Yunnan Camellia, and the low expression of CHS was detected in TZM and MN's white region, while ANR maintained a high expression level, which may lead to the low content of cyanidin in them. Transcription factors MYBs, bHLH, and bZIP may play a key role in regulating anthocyanin-structural genes. The co-expression analysis showed that the meristem tissue may play a crucial role in the formation of the mixed white-red color in MN. Our study enriched the genetic basis of flower coloration differences in Yunnan Camellia which will be a valuable genomic resource to understanding the biology of coloration formation and for breeding the Camellia cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Qu
- Southwest Research Center for Engineering Technology of Landscape Architecture (State Forestry and Grassland Administration), Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Functional Flower Resources and Industrialization, College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Science, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China.
| | - Zhi Ou
- Southwest Research Center for Engineering Technology of Landscape Architecture (State Forestry and Grassland Administration), Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Functional Flower Resources and Industrialization, College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Science, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
| | - Qing Qing Yong
- Southwest Research Center for Engineering Technology of Landscape Architecture (State Forestry and Grassland Administration), Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Functional Flower Resources and Industrialization, College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Science, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
| | - Xiang Yao
- Southwest Research Center for Engineering Technology of Landscape Architecture (State Forestry and Grassland Administration), Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Functional Flower Resources and Industrialization, College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Science, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
| | - Jun Luo
- Southwest Research Center for Engineering Technology of Landscape Architecture (State Forestry and Grassland Administration), Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Functional Flower Resources and Industrialization, College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Science, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
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The Establishment of a Genetic Transformation System and the Acquisition of Transgenic Plants of Oriental Hybrid Lily ( Lilium L.). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24010782. [PMID: 36614225 PMCID: PMC9821642 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Lily (Lilium spp.) has elegant flowers and beautiful colors, which makes it popular among people. However, the poor stress resistance and self-propagation ability of lily limit its application in landscaping to a great extent. In addition, transgenic technology is an important means to improve plant characteristics, but the lack of a stable and efficient genetic transformation system is still an important factor restricting the development of lily transgenic technology. Therefore, this study established a good lily regeneration system by screening different explants and plant growth regulators of different concentrations. Then, the genetic transformation system of lily was optimized by screening the critical concentration of antibiotics, the concentration of bacterial solution, and the infection time. Finally, the homologous lily cold resistance gene LlNAC2 and bulblet generation gene LaKNOX1 were successfully transferred to 'Siberia' and 'Sorbonne' to obtain lily transgenic lines. The results showed that when the stem axis was used as explant in 'Siberia', the induction rate was as high as 87%. The induction rate of 'Sorbonne' was as high as 91.7% when the filaments were used as explants. At the same time, in the optimized genetic transformation system, the transformation rate of 'Siberia' and 'Sorbonne' was up to 60%. In conclusion, this study provides the theoretical basis and technical support for improving the resistance and reproductive ability of Oriental lily and the molecular breeding of lily.
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Zhu C, Lou Y, Yang K, Liu Y, Xiao X, Li Z, Guo D, Sun H, Gao Z. Integrative analyses of morphology, physiology, and transcriptional expression profiling reveal miRNAs involved in culm color in bamboo. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:992794. [PMID: 36164374 PMCID: PMC9508110 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.992794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Culm color variation is an interesting phenomenon that contributes to the breeding of new varieties of ornamental plants during domestication. De-domesticated variation is considered ideal for identifying and interpreting the molecular mechanisms of plant mutations. However, the variation in culm color of bamboo remains unknown. In the present study, yellow and green culms generated from the same rhizome of Phyllostachys vivax cv. Aureocaulis (P. vivax) were used to elucidate the molecular mechanism of culm color formation. Phenotypic and physiological data showed that environmental suitability was higher in green culms than in yellow culms. High-throughput sequencing analysis showed 295 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 22 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) in two different colored bamboo culms. There were 103 DEM-DEG interaction pairs, of which a representative "miRNA-mRNA" regulatory module involved in photosynthesis and pigment metabolism was formed by 14 DEM-DEG pairs. The interaction of the three key pairs was validated by qPCR and dual-luciferase assays. This study provides new insights into the molecular mechanism of miRNAs involved in P. vivax culm color formation, which provides evidence for plant de-domestication and is helpful for revealing the evolutionary mechanism of bamboo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
| | - Yongfeng Lou
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang, China
| | - Kebin Yang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Xiao
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
| | - Ziyang Li
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Guo
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
| | - Huayu Sun
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
| | - Zhimin Gao
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
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Guo X, Luo Z, Zhang M, Huang L, Wang H, Li Y, Qiao X, Li A, Wu B. The spatiotemporal regulations of epicatechin biosynthesis under normal flowering and the continuous inflorescence removal treatment in Fagopyrum dibotrys. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:379. [PMID: 35906545 PMCID: PMC9336051 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03761-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flowering is a critical physiological change that interferes with not only biomass yield but also secondary metabolism, such as the biosynthesis of flavonoids, in rhizome/root plants. The continuous inflorescence removal (CIR) treatment is frequently conducted to weaken this effect. Fagopyrum dibotrys (D.Don) H.Hara (Golden buckwheat) is a kind of rhizome medicinal plant rich in flavonoids and is widely used for the treatment of lung diseases. The CIR treatment is usually conducted in F. dibotrys because of its excessive reproductive growth. To uncover the molecular mechanisms, comprehensive analysis was performed using metabolome and transcriptome data obtained from normally bloomed and the CIR treated plants. RESULTS Metabolome results demonstrated that in the rhizomes of F. dibotrys, its bioactive compound called epicatechin has higher amount than most of the detected precursors. Compared with the normally bloomed plants, the level of epicatechin in the rhizomes of the CIR group increased by 25% at the withering stage. Based on 96 samples of the control and the CIR groups at 4 flowering stages for 4 tissues, RNA-Seq results revealed a 3 ~ 5 times upregulations of all the key enzyme genes involved in the biosynthesis of epicatechin in both time (from the bud stage to the withering stage) and spatial dimensions (from the top of branch to rhizome) under the CIR treatment compared to normal flowering. Integrated analysis of LC-MS/MS and transcriptome revealed the key roles of several key enzyme genes besides anthocyanidin reductase (ANR). A total of 93 transcription factors were identified to co-expressed with the genes in epicatechin biosynthetic pathway. The flowering activator SQUAMOSA promoter-binding protein like (SPLs) exhibited opposite spatiotemporal expression patterns to that of the epicatechin pathway genes; SPL3 could significantly co-express with all the key enzyme genes rather than the flowering repressor DELLA. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) further confirmed the correlations among chalcone synthases (CHSs), chalcone isomerases (CHIs), ANRs, SPLs and other transcription factors. CONCLUSIONS SPL3 might dominantly mediate the effect of normal flowering and the CIR treatment on the biosynthesis of epicatechin in rhizomes mainly through the negative regulations of its key enzyme genes including CHS, CHI and ANR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education and National Engineering Laboratory for Breeding of Endangered Medicinal Materials, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zuliang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education and National Engineering Laboratory for Breeding of Endangered Medicinal Materials, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education and National Engineering Laboratory for Breeding of Endangered Medicinal Materials, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Linfang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education and National Engineering Laboratory for Breeding of Endangered Medicinal Materials, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education and National Engineering Laboratory for Breeding of Endangered Medicinal Materials, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
- Institute of Sericulture, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, China
| | - Yuting Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education and National Engineering Laboratory for Breeding of Endangered Medicinal Materials, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xu Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education and National Engineering Laboratory for Breeding of Endangered Medicinal Materials, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ailian Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education and National Engineering Laboratory for Breeding of Endangered Medicinal Materials, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Bin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education and National Engineering Laboratory for Breeding of Endangered Medicinal Materials, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China.
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