1
|
Li Z, Chen J, Liu C, He S, Wang M, Wang L, Bhadauria V, Wang S, Cheng W, Liu H, Yang X, Xu M, Peng YL, Zhu W. Natural variations of maize ZmLecRK1 determine its interaction with ZmBAK1 and resistance patterns to multiple pathogens. MOLECULAR PLANT 2024; 17:1606-1623. [PMID: 39305013 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2024.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
Maize (Zea mays) is one of the most important crops in the world, but its yield and quality are seriously affected by diverse diseases. Identifying broad-spectrum resistance genes is crucial for developing effective strategies to control the disease in maize. In a genome-wide study in maize, we identified a G-type lectin receptor kinase ZmLecRK1, as a new resistance protein against Pythium aphanidermatum, one of the causal pathogens of stalk rot in maize. Genetic analysis showed that the specific ZmLecRK1 allele can confer resistance to multiple pathogens in maize. The cell death and disease resistance phenotype mediated by the resistant variant of ZmLecRK1 requires the co-receptor ZmBAK1. A naturally occurring A404S variant in the extracellular domain of ZmLecRK1 determines the ZmLecRK1-ZmBAK1 interaction and the formation of ZmLecRK1-related protein complexes. Interestingly, the ZmLecRK1 susceptible variant was found to possess the amino acid S404 that is present in the ancestral variants of ZmLecRK1 and conserved among the majority of grass species, while the resistance variant of ZmLecRK1 with A404 is only present in a few maize inbred lines. Substitution of S by A at position 404 in ZmLecRK1-like proteins of sorghum and rice greatly enhances their ability to induce cell death. Further transcriptomic analysis reveals that ZmLecRK1 likely regulates gene expression related to the pathways in cell wall organization or biogenesis in response to pathogen infection. Taken together, these results suggest that the ZmLecRK1 resistance variant enhances its binding affinity to the co-receptor ZmBAK1, thereby enhancing the formation of active complexes for defense in maize. Our work highlights the biotechnological potential for generating disease-resistant crops by precisely modulating the activity of ZmLecRK1 and its homologs through targeted base editing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenju Li
- State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding/College of Plant Protection/Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Junbin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding/College of Plant Protection/Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Chuang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding/College of Plant Protection/Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Shengfeng He
- State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding/College of Plant Protection/Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Mingyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding/College of Plant Protection/Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China; Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang 310021, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Yazhouwan National Laboratory, Sanya, Hainan 572024, P.R. China
| | - Vijai Bhadauria
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory for Crop Pest Monitoring and Green Control, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Shiwei Wang
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory for Crop Pest Monitoring and Green Control, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Wenyu Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding/College of Plant Protection/Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Hui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding/College of Plant Protection/Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, National Maize Improvement Center, Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Mingliang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, National Maize Improvement Center, Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - You-Liang Peng
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory for Crop Pest Monitoring and Green Control, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Wangsheng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding/College of Plant Protection/Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chang Y, Liu Y, Wang L, Wang S, Wu J. Global transcriptome analysis reveals resistance genes in the early response of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) to Colletotrichum lindemuthianum. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:579. [PMID: 38858660 PMCID: PMC11165746 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10497-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disease can drastically impair common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) production. Anthracnose, caused by the fungal pathogen Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (Sacc. and Magnus) Briosi and Cavara, is one of the diseases that are widespread and cause serious economic loss in common bean. RESULTS Transcriptome analysis of the early response of common bean to anthracnose was performed using two resistant genotypes, Hongyundou and Honghuayundou, and one susceptible genotype, Jingdou. A total of 9,825 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) responding to pathogen infection and anthracnose resistance were identified by differential expression analysis. By using weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA), 2,051 DEGs were found to be associated with two resistance-related modules. Among them, 463 DEGs related to anthracnose resistance were considered resistance-related candidate genes. Nineteen candidate genes were coexpressed with three resistance genes, Phvul.001G243600, Phvul.001G243700 and Phvul.001G243800. To further identify resistance genes, 46 candidate genes were selected for experimental validation using salicylic acid (SA) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA). The results indicated that 38 candidate genes that responded to SA/MeJA treatment may be involved in anthracnose resistance in common bean. CONCLUSIONS This study identified 38 resistance-related candidate genes involved in the early response of common bean, and 19 resistance-related candidate genes were coexpressed with anthracnose resistance genes. This study identified putative resistance genes for further resistance genetic investigation and provides an important reference for anthracnose resistance breeding in common bean.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Chang
- Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yonghui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Lanfen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Shumin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bi Y, Yu Y, Mao S, Wu T, Wang T, Zhou Y, Xie K, Zhang H, Liu L, Chu Z. Comparative transcriptomic profiling of the two-stage response of rice to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola interaction with two different pathogenic strains. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:347. [PMID: 38684939 PMCID: PMC11057074 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05060-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Two-tiered plant immune responses involve cross-talk among defense-responsive (DR) genes involved in pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-triggered immunity (PTI), effector-triggered immunity (ETI) and effector-triggered susceptibility (ETS). Bacterial leaf streak (BLS), caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola (Xoc) is an important bacterial disease that causes serious threats to rice yield and quality. Transcriptomic profiling provides an effective approach for the comprehensive and large-scale detection of DR genes that participate in the interactions between rice and Xoc. RESULTS In this study, we used RNA-seq to analyze the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in susceptible rice after inoculation with two naturally pathogenic Xoc strains, a hypervirulent strain, HGA4, and a relatively hypovirulent strain, RS105. First, bacterial growth curve and biomass quantification revealed that differential growth occurred beginning at 1 day post inoculation (dpi) and became more significant at 3 dpi. Additionally, we analyzed the DEGs at 12 h and 3 days post inoculation with two strains, representing the DR genes involved in the PTI and ETI/ETS responses, respectively. Gene Ontology (GO) functional and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were performed on the common DEGs, which included 4380 upregulated and 4019 downregulated genes and 930 upregulated and 1383 downregulated genes identified for the two strains at 12 h post inoculation (hpi) and 3 dpi, respectively. Compared to those at 12 hpi, at 3 dpi the number of common DEGs decreased, while the degree of differential expression was intensified. In addition, more disease-related GO pathways were enriched, and more transcription activator-like effector (TALE) putative target genes were upregulated in plants inoculated with HGA4 than in those inoculated with RS105 at 3 dpi. Then, four DRs were randomly selected for the BLS resistance assay. We found that CDP3.10, LOC_Os11g03820, and OsDSR2 positively regulated rice resistance to Xoc, while OsSPX3 negatively regulated rice resistance. CONCLUSIONS By using an enrichment method for RNA-seq, we identified a group of DEGs related to the two stages of response to the Xoc strain, which included four functionally identified DR genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunya Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Yue Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat Breeding, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Shuaige Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Tao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat Breeding, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- College of Life Sciences and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Kabin Xie
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Tancheng Jinghua Seed Co., LTD, Linyi, Shandong, 276100, China
| | - Li Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China.
| | - Zhaohui Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat Breeding, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu L, Zhang Y, Tang C, Wu J, Fu J, Wang Q. Genome-wide identification of ZmMYC2 binding sites and target genes in maize. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:397. [PMID: 38654166 PMCID: PMC11036654 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10297-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Jasmonate (JA) is the important phytohormone to regulate plant growth and adaption to stress signals. MYC2, an bHLH transcription factor, is the master regulator of JA signaling. Although MYC2 in maize has been identified, its function remains to be clarified. RESULTS To understand the function and regulatory mechanism of MYC2 in maize, the joint analysis of DAP-seq and RNA-seq is conducted to identify the binding sites and target genes of ZmMYC2. A total of 3183 genes are detected both in DAP-seq and RNA-seq data, potentially as the directly regulating genes of ZmMYC2. These genes are involved in various biological processes including plant growth and stress response. Besides the classic cis-elements like the G-box and E-box that are bound by MYC2, some new motifs are also revealed to be recognized by ZmMYC2, such as nGCATGCAnn, AAAAAAAA, CACGTGCGTGCG. The binding sites of many ZmMYC2 regulating genes are identified by IGV-sRNA. CONCLUSIONS All together, abundant target genes of ZmMYC2 are characterized with their binding sites, providing the basis to construct the regulatory network of ZmMYC2 and better understanding for JA signaling in maize.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, China
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, 625014, Yaan, China
| | - Yuhan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, China
| | - Chen Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, China
| | - Jine Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingye Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, China.
| | - Qiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Prathi NB, Durga Rani CV, Prakasam V, Mohan YC, Mahendranath G, Sri Vidya GK, Neeraja CN, Sundaram RM, Mangrauthia SK. Oschib1 gene encoding a GH18 chitinase confers resistance against sheath blight disease of rice caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IA. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 114:41. [PMID: 38625509 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-024-01442-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Sheath blight disease of rice caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IA, is a major fungal disease responsible for huge loss to grain yield and quality. The major limitation of achieving persistent and reliable resistance against R. solani is the governance of disease resistance trait by many genes. Therefore, functional characterization of new genes involved in sheath blight resistance is necessary to understand the mechanism of resistance as well as evolving effective strategies to manage the disease through host-plant resistance. In this study, we performed RNA sequencing of six diverse rice genotypes (TN1, BPT5204, Vandana, N22, Tetep, and Pankaj) from sheath and leaf tissue of control and fungal infected samples. The approach for identification of candidate resistant genes led to identification of 352 differentially expressed genes commonly present in all the six genotypes. 23 genes were analyzed for RT-qPCR expression which helped identification of Oschib1 showing differences in expression level in a time-course manner between susceptible and resistant genotypes. The Oschib1 encoding classIII chitinase was cloned from resistant variety Tetep and over-expressed in susceptible variety Taipei 309. The over-expression lines showed resistance against R. solani, as analyzed by detached leaf and whole plant assays. Interestingly, the resistance response was correlated with the level of transgene expression suggesting that the enzyme functions in a dose dependent manner. We report here the classIIIb chitinase from chromosome10 of rice showing anti-R. solani activity to combat the dreaded sheath blight disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naresh Babu Prathi
- Institute of Biotechnology, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University (PJTSAU), Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, 500030, India
- ICAR-Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)- Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, 500030, India
| | - Chagamreddy Venkata Durga Rani
- Institute of Biotechnology, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University (PJTSAU), Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, 500030, India.
| | - Vellaisamy Prakasam
- ICAR-Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)- Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, 500030, India
| | | | - Gandikota Mahendranath
- ICAR-Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)- Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, 500030, India
| | - G K Sri Vidya
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, SV Agriculture College, Tirupati, 517502, India
| | - C N Neeraja
- ICAR-Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)- Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, 500030, India
| | - Raman Meenakshi Sundaram
- ICAR-Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)- Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, 500030, India.
| | - Satendra K Mangrauthia
- ICAR-Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)- Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, 500030, India.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang Y, Guo Y, Guo S, Qi L, Li B, Jiang L, Xu C, An M, Wu Y. RNA interference-based exogenous double-stranded RNAs confer resistance to Rhizoctonia solani AG-3 on Nicotiana tabacum. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024; 80:2170-2178. [PMID: 38284497 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rhizoctonia solani Kühn is a pathogenic fungus causing tobacco target spot disease, and leads to great losses worldwide. At present, resistant varieties and effective control strategy on tobacco target spot disease are very limited. Host-induced gene silencing (HIGS) as well as the exogenous dsRNA can be used to suppress disease progression, and reveal the function of crucial genes involved in the growth and pathogenesis of the fungus. RESULTS The silencing of endoPGs or RPMK1 in host plants by TRV-based HIGS resulted in a significant reduction in disease development in Nicotiana benthamiana. In vitro analysis validated that red fluorescence signals were consistently observed in the hyphae treated with Cy3-fluorescein-labeled dsRNA at 12, 24, 48 and 72 h postinoculation (hpi). Additionally, application of dsRNA-endoPGs, dsRNA-RPMK1 and dsRNA-PGMK (fusion of partial endoPGs and RPMK1 sequences) effectively inhibited the hyphal growth of R. solani YC-9 in vitro and suppressed disease progression in the leaves, and quantitative real-time PCR confirmed that the application of dsRNAs significantly reduced the expression levels of endoPGs and RPMK1. CONCLUSION These results provide theoretical basis and new direction for RNAi approaches on the prevention and control of disease caused by R. solani. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yi Guo
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shiping Guo
- Sichuan Province Tobacco Company, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Qi
- Sichuan Province Tobacco Company, Chengdu, China
| | - Bin Li
- Sichuan Province Tobacco Company, Chengdu, China
| | - Lianqiang Jiang
- Liangshanzhou Branch of Sichuan Province Tobacco Company, Xichang, China
| | - Chuantao Xu
- Luzhou Branch of Sichuan Province Tobacco Company, Luzhou, China
| | - Mengnan An
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuanhua Wu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Aina O, Bakare OO, Fadaka AO, Keyster M, Klein A. Plant biomarkers as early detection tools in stress management in food crops: a review. PLANTA 2024; 259:60. [PMID: 38311674 PMCID: PMC10838863 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-024-04333-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Plant Biomarkers are objective indicators of a plant's cellular state in response to abiotic and biotic stress factors. They can be explored in crop breeding and engineering to produce stress-tolerant crop species. Global food production safely and sustainably remains a top priority to feed the ever-growing human population, expected to reach 10 billion by 2050. However, abiotic and biotic stress factors negatively impact food production systems, causing between 70 and 100% reduction in crop yield. Understanding the plant stress responses is critical for developing novel crops that can adapt better to various adverse environmental conditions. Using plant biomarkers as measurable indicators of a plant's cellular response to external stimuli could serve as early warning signals to detect stresses before severe damage occurs. Plant biomarkers have received considerable attention in the last decade as pre-stress indicators for various economically important food crops. This review discusses some biomarkers associated with abiotic and biotic stress conditions and highlights their importance in developing stress-resilient crops. In addition, we highlighted some factors influencing the expression of biomarkers in crop plants under stress. The information presented in this review would educate plant researchers, breeders, and agronomists on the significance of plant biomarkers in stress biology research, which is essential for improving plant growth and yield toward sustainable food production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Omolola Aina
- Plant Omics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Road, Bellville, 7530, South Africa
| | - Olalekan O Bakare
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Sagamu, 121001, Nigeria
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Road, Bellville, 7530, South Africa
| | - Adewale O Fadaka
- Plant Omics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Road, Bellville, 7530, South Africa
| | - Marshall Keyster
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Road, Bellville, 7530, South Africa
| | - Ashwil Klein
- Plant Omics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Road, Bellville, 7530, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li S, Jiang F, Bi Y, Yin X, Li L, Zhang X, Li J, Liu M, Shaw RK, Fan X. Utilizing Two Populations Derived from Tropical Maize for Genome-Wide Association Analysis of Banded Leaf and Sheath Blight Resistance. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:456. [PMID: 38337988 PMCID: PMC10856972 DOI: 10.3390/plants13030456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Banded leaf and sheath blight (BLSB) in maize is a soil-borne fungal disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kühn, resulting in significant yield losses. Investigating the genes responsible for regulating resistance to BLSB is crucial for yield enhancement. In this study, a multiparent maize population was developed, comprising two recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations totaling 442 F8RILs. The populations were generated by crossing two tropical inbred lines, CML444 and NK40-1, known for their BLSB resistance, as female parents, with the high-yielding but BLSB-susceptible inbred line Ye107 serving as the common male parent. Subsequently, we utilized 562,212 high-quality single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) generated through genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) for a comprehensive genome-wide association study (GWAS) aimed at identifying genes responsible for BLSB resistance. The objectives of this study were to (1) identify SNPs associated with BLSB resistance through genome-wide association analyses, (2) explore candidate genes regulating BLSB resistance in maize, and (3) investigate pathways involved in BLSB resistance and discover key candidate genes through Gene Ontology (GO) analysis. The GWAS analysis revealed nineteen SNPs significantly associated with BLSB that were consistently identified across four environments in the GWAS, with phenotypic variation explained (PVE) ranging from 2.48% to 11.71%. Screening a 40 kb region upstream and downstream of the significant SNPs revealed several potential candidate genes. By integrating information from maize GDB and the NCBI, we identified five novel candidate genes, namely, Zm00001d009723, Zm00001d009975, Zm00001d009566, Zm00001d009567, located on chromosome 8, and Zm00001d026376, on chromosome 10, related to BLSB resistance. These candidate genes exhibit association with various aspects, including maize cell membrane proteins and cell immune proteins, as well as connections to cell metabolism, transport, transcriptional regulation, and structural proteins. These proteins and biochemical processes play crucial roles in maize defense against BLSB. When Rhizoctonia solani invades maize plants, it induces the expression of genes encoding specific proteins and regulates corresponding metabolic pathways to thwart the invasion of this fungus. The present study significantly contributes to our understanding of the genetic basis of BLSB resistance in maize, offering valuable insights into novel candidate genes that could be instrumental in future breeding efforts to develop maize varieties with enhanced BLSB resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaoxiong Li
- College of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China; (S.L.); (L.L.); (X.Z.); (J.L.); (M.L.)
| | - Fuyan Jiang
- Institute of Food Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, China; (F.J.); (Y.B.); (X.Y.); (R.K.S.)
| | - Yaqi Bi
- Institute of Food Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, China; (F.J.); (Y.B.); (X.Y.); (R.K.S.)
| | - Xingfu Yin
- Institute of Food Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, China; (F.J.); (Y.B.); (X.Y.); (R.K.S.)
| | - Linzhuo Li
- College of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China; (S.L.); (L.L.); (X.Z.); (J.L.); (M.L.)
| | - Xingjie Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China; (S.L.); (L.L.); (X.Z.); (J.L.); (M.L.)
| | - Jinfeng Li
- College of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China; (S.L.); (L.L.); (X.Z.); (J.L.); (M.L.)
| | - Meichen Liu
- College of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China; (S.L.); (L.L.); (X.Z.); (J.L.); (M.L.)
| | - Ranjan K. Shaw
- Institute of Food Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, China; (F.J.); (Y.B.); (X.Y.); (R.K.S.)
| | - Xingming Fan
- Institute of Food Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, China; (F.J.); (Y.B.); (X.Y.); (R.K.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yang Z, Liang G, Liu C, Chu Z, Li N. The F-box protein ZmFBL41 negatively regulates disease resistance to Rhizoctonia solani by degrading the abscisic acid synthase ZmNCED6 in maize. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:48. [PMID: 38300347 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-023-03132-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE The maize F-box protein ZmFBL41 targets abscisic acid synthase 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase 6 for degradation, and this regulatory module is exploited by Rhizoctonia solani to promote infection. F-box proteins are crucial regulators of plant growth, development, and responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. Previous research identified the F-box gene ZmFBL41 as a negative regulator of maize (Zea mays) defenses against Rhizoctonia solani. However, the precise mechanisms by which F-box proteins mediate resistance to R. solani remain poorly understood. In this study, we show that ZmFBL41 interacts with an abscisic acid (ABA) synthase, 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase 6 (ZmNCED6), promoting its degradation via the ubiquitination pathway. We discovered that the ectopic overexpression of ZmNCED6 in rice (Oryza sativa) inhibited R. solani infection by activating stomatal closure, callose deposition, and jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis, indicating that ZmNCED6 enhances plant immunity against R. solani. Natural variation at ZmFBL41 across different maize haplotypes did not affect the ZmFBL41-ZmNCED6 interaction. These findings suggest that ZmFBL41 targets ZmNCED6 for degradation, leading to a decrease in ABA levels in maize, in turn, inhibiting ABA-mediated disease resistance pathways, such as stomatal closure, callose deposition, and JA biosynthesis, ultimately facilitating R. solani infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhangshuai Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Guanyu Liang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Chenxu Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Zhaohui Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| | - Ning Li
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China.
| |
Collapse
|