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Srividya N, Kim H, Simone R, Lange BM. Chemical diversity in angiosperms - monoterpene synthases control complex reactions that provide the precursors for ecologically and commercially important monoterpenoids. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 119:28-55. [PMID: 38565299 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Monoterpene synthases (MTSs) catalyze the first committed step in the biosynthesis of monoterpenoids, a class of specialized metabolites with particularly high chemical diversity in angiosperms. In addition to accomplishing a rate enhancement, these enzymes manage the formation and turnover of highly reactive carbocation intermediates formed from a prenyl diphosphate substrate. At each step along the reaction path, a cationic intermediate can be subject to cyclization, migration of a proton, hydride, or alkyl group, or quenching to terminate the sequence. However, enzymatic control of ligand folding, stabilization of specific intermediates, and defined quenching chemistry can maintain the specificity for forming a signature product. This review article will discuss our current understanding of how angiosperm MTSs control the reaction environment. Such knowledge allows inferences about the origin and regulation of chemical diversity, which is pertinent for appreciating the role of monoterpenoids in plant ecology but also for aiding commercial efforts that harness the accumulation of these specialized metabolites for the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narayanan Srividya
- Institute of Biological Chemistry and M. J. Murdock Metabolomics Laboratory, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164-7411, USA
| | - Hoshin Kim
- Physical and Computational Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Raugei Simone
- Physical and Computational Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Bernd Markus Lange
- Institute of Biological Chemistry and M. J. Murdock Metabolomics Laboratory, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164-7411, USA
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He J, Qin Z, Liu K, Li X, Kou Y, Jin Z, He R, Hong M, Xiong B, Liao L, Sun G, He S, Zhang M, Liang D, Lv X, Wang X, Wang Z. Volatile metabolomics and transcriptomics analyses provide insights into the mechanism of volatile changes during fruit development of 'Ehime 38' ( Citrus reticulata) and its bud mutant. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1430204. [PMID: 38984161 PMCID: PMC11231921 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1430204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Volatile compounds are important determinants affecting fruit flavor. Previous study has identified a bud mutant of 'Ehime 38' (Citrus reticulata) with different volatile profile. However, the volatile changes between WT and MT during fruit development and underlying mechanism remain elusive. In this study, a total of 35 volatile compounds were identified in the pulps of WT and MT at five developmental stages. Both varieties accumulated similar and the highest levels of volatiles at stage S1, and showed a downward trend as the fruit develops. However, the total volatile contents in the pulps of MT were 1.4-2.5 folds higher than those in WT at stages S2-S5, which was mainly due to the increase in the content of d-limonene. Transcriptomic and RT-qPCR analysis revealed that most genes in MEP pathway were positively correlated with the volatile contents, of which DXS1 might mainly contribute to the elevated volatiles accumulation in MT by increasing the flux into the MEP pathway. Moreover, temporal expression analysis indicated that these MEP pathway genes functioned at different developmental stages. This study provided comprehensive volatile metabolomics and transcriptomics characterizations of a citrus mutant during fruit development, which is valuable for fruit flavor improvement in citrus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxian He
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zeyu Qin
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kexin Liu
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiangyi Li
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiming Kou
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhenghua Jin
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruiyuan He
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Hong
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bo Xiong
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Liao
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guochao Sun
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Siya He
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingfei Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dong Liang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiulan Lv
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xun Wang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhihui Wang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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Wen H, Zhang S, Liu Y, Hu Z, Zhu C, Zeng J, Song Z, Chen J, Xu J. Screening Universal Stress-Response Terpenoids and Their Biosynthetic Genes via Volatile and Transcriptomic Profiling in Citrus. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:351-362. [PMID: 38115585 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Volatile terpenoids accumulate in citrus and play important roles in plant defense against various stressors. However, the broad-spectrum response of terpenoid biosynthesis to ubiquitous stressors in citrus has not been comparatively investigated. In this study, volatile terpenoids were profiled under six stressors: high temperature, citrus miner, citrus red mite, citrus canker, Alternaria brown spot, and huanglongbing (HLB). Significant content changes in 15 terpenoids, including β-ocimene, were observed in more than four of the six stressors, implying their possibly universal stress-response effects. Notably, the emission of terpenoids, including β-caryophyllene, β-ocimene, and nerolidol glucoside, was significantly increased by HLB in HLB-tolerant "Shatian" pomelo leaves. The upregulation of CgTPS1 and CgTPS2 and their characterization in vivo identified them as mono- or sesquiterpenoid biosynthetic genes. This study provides a foundation for determining stress resistance mechanisms in citrus and biopesticide designations for future industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wen
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
- Sensory Evaluation and Quality Analysis Centre of Horticultural Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Sining Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
- Sensory Evaluation and Quality Analysis Centre of Horticultural Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
- Sensory Evaluation and Quality Analysis Centre of Horticultural Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhehui Hu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
- Sensory Evaluation and Quality Analysis Centre of Horticultural Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Congyi Zhu
- Guangdong Fruit Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jiwu Zeng
- Guangdong Fruit Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zhiqing Song
- Jiangxi Metallurgical Vocational and Technical College, Xinyu 338015, China
| | - Jiajing Chen
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
- Sensory Evaluation and Quality Analysis Centre of Horticultural Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Juan Xu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
- Sensory Evaluation and Quality Analysis Centre of Horticultural Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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