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Wang R, Cao X, Lu K, Chang Z, Dong X, Guo H, Wei X, Dang R, Wang J, Wang X, Xiao S, Liu H, Yang Z. Rescuing Newcastle disease virus with tag for screening viral-host interacting proteins based on highly efficient reverse genetics. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1418760. [PMID: 39100766 PMCID: PMC11294249 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1418760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The interaction between viral proteins and host proteins plays a crucial role in the process of virus infecting cells. Tags such as HA, His, and Flag do not interfere with the function of fusion proteins and are commonly used to study protein-protein interactions. Adding these tags to viral proteins will address the challenge of the lack of antibodies for screening host proteins that interact with viral proteins during infection. Obtaining viruses with tagged fusion proteins is crucial. This study established a new reverse genetic system with T7 promoter and three plasmids, which efficiently rescued Newcastle disease virus (NDV) regardless of its ability to replicate in cells. Subsequently, using this system, NDV containing a HA-tagged structural protein and NDV carrying a unique tag on each structural protein were successfully rescued. These tagged viruses replicated normally and exhibited genetic stability. Based on tag antibodies, every NDV structural protein was readily detected and showed correct subcellular localization in infected cells. After infecting cells with NDV carrying HA-tagged M protein, several proteins interacting with the M protein during the infection process were screened using HA tag antibodies. The establishment of this system laid the foundation for comprehensive exploration of the interaction between NDV proteins and host proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Zengqi Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Yangling, Xianyang, China
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Wang H, Tian J, Zhao J, Zhao Y, Yang H, Zhang G. Current Status of Poultry Recombinant Virus Vector Vaccine Development. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:630. [PMID: 38932359 PMCID: PMC11209050 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12060630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Inactivated and live attenuated vaccines are the mainstays of preventing viral poultry diseases. However, the development of recombinant DNA technology in recent years has enabled the generation of recombinant virus vector vaccines, which have the advantages of preventing multiple diseases simultaneously and simplifying the vaccination schedule. More importantly, some can induce a protective immune response in the presence of maternal antibodies and offer long-term immune protection. These advantages compensate for the shortcomings of traditional vaccines. This review describes the construction and characterization of primarily poultry vaccine vectors, including fowl poxvirus (FPV), fowl adenovirus (FAdV), Newcastle disease virus (NDV), Marek's disease virus (MDV), and herpesvirus of turkey (HVT). In addition, the pathogens targeted and the immunoprotective effect of different poultry recombinant virus vector vaccines are also presented. Finally, this review discusses the challenges in developing vector vaccines and proposes strategies for improving immune efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (H.W.); (J.T.); (J.Z.); (Y.Z.); (H.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jiaxin Tian
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (H.W.); (J.T.); (J.Z.); (Y.Z.); (H.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (H.W.); (J.T.); (J.Z.); (Y.Z.); (H.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ye Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (H.W.); (J.T.); (J.Z.); (Y.Z.); (H.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Huiming Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (H.W.); (J.T.); (J.Z.); (Y.Z.); (H.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guozhong Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (H.W.); (J.T.); (J.Z.); (Y.Z.); (H.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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Yan W, Li H, Ning J, Huang S, Jiang L, Xu P, Huang M, Yuan C. Engineered protein cages with enhanced extracellular drug release for elevated antitumor efficacy. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131492. [PMID: 38604418 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Human heavy chain ferritin (HFn) protein cage has been explored as a nanocarrier for targeted anticancer drug delivery. Here, we introduced a matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)-cleavable sequence into the DE loop of HFn, creating an MMP-responsive variant, MR-HFn, for localized and extracellular drug release. The crystal structure of MR-HFn revealed that the addition of the MMPs recognition sequence did not affect the self-assembly of HFn but presented a surface-exposed loop susceptible to MMPs cleavage. Biochemical analysis indicated that this engineered protein cage is responsive to MMPs, enabling the targeted release of encapsulated drugs. To evaluate the therapeutic potential of this engineered protein cage, monosubstituted β-carboxy phthalocyanine zinc (CPZ), a type of photosensitizer, was loaded inside this protein cage. The prepared CPZ@MR-HFn showed higher uptake and stronger phototoxicity in MMPs overexpressed tumor cells, as well as enhanced penetration into multicellular tumor spheroids compared with its counterpart CPZ@HFn in vitro. In vivo, CPZ@MR-HFn displayed a higher tumor inhibitory rate than CPZ@HFn under illumination. These results indicated that MR-HFn is a promising nanocarrier for anticancer drug delivery and the MMP-responsive strategy here can also be adapted for other stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Yan
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Hanlin Li
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Jiamin Ning
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Shuhao Huang
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Longguang Jiang
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Peng Xu
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Mingdong Huang
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fujian 350108, China.
| | - Cai Yuan
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China.
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Yu Z, Zhang Y, Li Z, Yu Q, Jia Y, Yu C, Chen J, Chen S, He L. Rapid construction of infectious clones for distinct Newcastle disease virus genotypes. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1178801. [PMID: 37303720 PMCID: PMC10248138 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1178801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The reverse genetics system of the Newcastle disease virus (NDV) has provided investigators with a powerful approach to understand viral molecular biology and vaccine development. It has been impressively improved with modified strategies since its first report, but it still poses some challenges. Most noteworthy, the genome complexity and length made full-length error-free cDNA assembly the most challenging and time-consuming step of NDV rescue. In the present study, we report a rapid full-length NDV genome construction with only a two-step ligation-independent cloning (LIC) strategy, which could be applied to distinct genotypes. In this approach, the genome of NDV was divided into two segments, and the cDNA clones were generated by RT-PCR followed by LIC. Subsequently, the infectious NDVs were rescued by co-transfection of the full-length cDNA clones and supporting plasmids expressing the NP, P, and L proteins of NDV in BHK-21 cells. Compared with the conventional cloning approaches, the two-step cloning method drastically reduced the number of cloning steps and saved researchers a substantial amount of time for constructing NDV infectious clones, thus enabling a rapid rescue of different genotypes of NDVs in a matter of weeks. Therefore, this two-step LIC cloning strategy may have an application to the rapid development of NDV-vectored vaccines against emerging animal diseases and the generation of different genotypes of recombinant NDVs for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuhua Yu
- The Key Lab of Animal Disease and Public Health/Luoyang Key Laboratory of Live Carrier Biomaterial and Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Yuhao Zhang
- The Key Lab of Animal Disease and Public Health/Luoyang Key Laboratory of Live Carrier Biomaterial and Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Zedian Li
- The Key Lab of Animal Disease and Public Health/Luoyang Key Laboratory of Live Carrier Biomaterial and Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Qingzhong Yu
- Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, US National Poultry Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Yanyan Jia
- The Key Lab of Animal Disease and Public Health/Luoyang Key Laboratory of Live Carrier Biomaterial and Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Chuan Yu
- Animal Diseases and Public Health Engineering Research Center of Henan Province, Luoyang Polytechnic, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Jian Chen
- The Key Lab of Animal Disease and Public Health/Luoyang Key Laboratory of Live Carrier Biomaterial and Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Songbiao Chen
- The Key Lab of Animal Disease and Public Health/Luoyang Key Laboratory of Live Carrier Biomaterial and Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Lei He
- The Key Lab of Animal Disease and Public Health/Luoyang Key Laboratory of Live Carrier Biomaterial and Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
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Murulitharan K, Yusoff K, Omar AR, Peeters BPH, Molouki A. Rapid Generation of a Recombinant Genotype VIII Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) Using Full-Length Synthetic cDNA. Curr Microbiol 2021; 78:1458-1465. [PMID: 33660046 PMCID: PMC7929900 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-021-02421-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Rescue of (-)ssRNA viruses involves the sequential assembly and cloning of the full-length cDNA, which is often a challenging and time-consuming process. The objective of this study was to develop a novel method to rapidly clone the full-length cDNA of a very virulent NDV by only one assembly step. A completely synthetic 15 kb cDNA of a Malaysian genotype VIII NDV known as strain AF2240-I with additional flanking BsmBI sites was synthesised. However, to completely follow the rule-of-six, the additional G residues that are traditionally added after the T7 promoter transcription initiation site were not synthesised. The synthetic fragment was then cloned into low-copy number transcription vector pOLTV5-phiX between the T7 promoter and HDV Rz sequences through digestion with BbsI. The construct was co-transfected with helper plasmids into BSRT7/5 cells. A recombinant NDV called rAF was successfully rescued using transfection supernatant harvested as early as 16 h post-transfection. Virus from each passage showed an intracerebral pathogenicity index (ICPI) and a mean death time (MDT) similar to the parent strain AF2240-I. Moreover, rAF possessed an introduced mutation which was maintained for several passages. The entire rescue using the one-step assembly procedure was completed within a few weeks, which is extremely fast compared to previously used methods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Khatijah Yusoff
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor DE, Malaysia.
| | - Abdul Rahman Omar
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ben P H Peeters
- Department of Virology, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, The Netherlands
| | - Aidin Molouki
- Department of Avian Disease Research and Diagnostic, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
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Liu H, de Almeida RS, Gil P, Albina E. Comparison of the efficiency of different newcastle disease virus reverse genetics systems. J Virol Methods 2017; 249:111-116. [PMID: 28867302 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2017.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Rescue of negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses ((-)ssRNA virus), generally requires the handling of a large number of plasmids to provide the virus genome and essential components for gene expression and genome replication. This constraint probably renders reverse genetics of (-)ssRNA virus more complex and less efficient. Some authors have shown that the fewer the plasmids, the more efficient reverse genetics is for segmented RNA virus. However, it is not clear if the same applies for (-)ssRNA, such as Newcastle disease virus (NDV). To address this issue, six variants of NDV reverse genetic systems were established by cloning combinations of NP, P and L genes, mini-genome or full-genome in 4, 3, 2 and 1 plasmid. In terms of mini-genome and full-genome rescue, we showed that only the 2-plasmid system, assembling three support plasmids together, was able to improve the rescue efficiency over that of the conventional 4-plasmid system. These results may help establish and/or improve reverse genetics for other mononegaviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijin Liu
- CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, F-34398 Montpellier, France; INRA, UMR1309 ASTRE, F-34398 Montpellier, France
| | | | - Patricia Gil
- CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, F-34398 Montpellier, France; INRA, UMR1309 ASTRE, F-34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Emmanuel Albina
- CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, F-97170 Petit-Bourg, Guadeloupe, France; INRA, UMR1309 ASTRE, F-34398 Montpellier, France.
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Liu H, Albina E, Gil P, Minet C, de Almeida RS. Two-plasmid system to increase the rescue efficiency of paramyxoviruses by reverse genetics: The example of rescuing Newcastle Disease Virus. Virology 2017; 509:42-51. [PMID: 28595094 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 05/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Within paramyxoviruses, conventional reverse genetics require the transfection of a minimum of four plasmids: three to reconstruct the viral polymerase complex that replicates and expresses the virus genome delivered by a fourth plasmid. The successful transfection of four or more plasmids of different sizes into one cell and the subsequent generation of at least one viable and replicable viral particle is a rare event, which explains the low rescue efficiency, especially of low virulent viruses with reduced replication efficiency in cell lines. In this study, we report on an improved reverse genetics system developed for an avian paramyxovirus, Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV), in which the number of plasmids was reduced from four to two. Compared to the conventional method, the 2-plasmid system enables earlier and increased production of rescued viruses and, in addition, makes it possible to rescue viruses that it was not possible to rescue using the 4-plasmid system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijin Liu
- CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, F-34398 Montpellier, France; INRA, UMR1309 ASTRE, F-34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Emmanuel Albina
- CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, F-97170 Petit-Bourg, Guadeloupe, France; INRA, UMR1309 ASTRE, F-34398 Montpellier, France.
| | - Patricia Gil
- CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, F-34398 Montpellier, France; INRA, UMR1309 ASTRE, F-34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Cécile Minet
- CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, F-34398 Montpellier, France; INRA, UMR1309 ASTRE, F-34398 Montpellier, France; CIRAD, UMR INTERTRYP, F-34398 Montpellier, France
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Molouki A, Peeters B. Rescue of recombinant Newcastle disease virus: current cloning strategies and RNA polymerase provision systems. Arch Virol 2016; 162:1-12. [PMID: 27695950 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-016-3065-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Since the first rescue of a recombinant Newcastle disease virus (rNDV) in the late 1990s, many more rNDVs have been rescued by researchers around the world. Regardless of methodology, the main principle behind rescue of the virus has remained the same, i.e., the formation of a functional replication complex by simultaneously providing the full-length viral RNA and the viral NP, P and L proteins. However, different strategies have been reported for the insertion of the full-length genome into a suitable transcription vector, which remains the most challenging step of the rescue. Moreover, several systems have been published for provision of the DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, which is needed for transcription of viral RNA (vRNA) from the transfected plasmid DNA. The aim of this article is to consolidate all of the current cDNA assembly strategies and transcription systems used in rescue of rNDV in order to attain a better understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of each approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aidin Molouki
- Department of Avian Disease Research and Diagnostic, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Iran. .,Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ben Peeters
- Department of Virology, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, PO Box 65, 8200 AB, Lelystad, The Netherlands
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