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Wang ZH, Zhong QQ, Li YL, Xu JJ, Sun QW. Ixeridiumnujiangense (Crepidinae, Cichorieae, Asteraceae), a new species from southwest Yunnan, China. PHYTOKEYS 2024; 244:163-174. [PMID: 39035362 PMCID: PMC11258457 DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.244.126940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
In this paper, we describe Ixeridiumnujiangense, a novel species identified in southwestern Yunnan, China. Two populations have been found along the riverbanks of the Nujiang River in Yongde and Zhenkang Counties. Morphologically, I.nujiangense is most similar to the recently described I.malingheense, but it can be readily distinguished by its mostly divided basal leaves, narrower non-clasping cauline leaves, notably shorter corolla tube, pale brown anthers, and considerably longer beak of achenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Huan Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Development, College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, ChinaGuizhou University of Traditional Chinese MedicineGuiyangChina
| | - Qian-Qian Zhong
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Development, College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, ChinaGuizhou University of Traditional Chinese MedicineGuiyangChina
| | - Yong-Liang Li
- Administration Bureau of Yongde Daxueshan National Nature Reserve, Yongde 677600, Yunnan, ChinaAdministration Bureau of Yongde Daxueshan National Nature ReserveYongdeChina
| | - Jia-Ju Xu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Development, College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, ChinaGuizhou University of Traditional Chinese MedicineGuiyangChina
| | - Qing-Wen Sun
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Development, College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, ChinaGuizhou University of Traditional Chinese MedicineGuiyangChina
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Escobari B, Borsch T, Kilian N. Generic concepts and species diversity within the Gynoxyoid clade (Senecioneae, Compositae). PHYTOKEYS 2023; 234:61-106. [PMID: 37860599 PMCID: PMC10582726 DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.234.107750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
The Gynoxyoid clade of the Senecioneae (Asteraceae) until now included the five genera Aequatorium, Gynoxys, Nordenstamia, Paracalia and Paragynoxys as diagnosed using selected morphological characters. In their pre-phylogenetic circumscription, the genera Aequatorium and Paragynoxys were considered to inhabit the northern Andes in contrast to Nordenstamia and Paracalia that occur in the central Andes. The most species-rich genus, Gynoxys, was believed to be distributed throughout the Andes. We use a recently established plastid phylogenomic framework that rendered Gynoxys paraphyletic to further evaluate the delimitation of genera in the Gynoxyoid clade. We examine the morphological variation of all members of the Gynoxyoid to identify characters potentially informative at genus level. This results in a matrix of eleven, mostly multistate characters, including those originally used to diagnose these genera. The ancestral character state inference displays a high level of homoplasy, but nevertheless supports the recognition of four genera. Aequatorium is characterised by white radiate capitula. Paracalia and Paragynoxys share white flowers and floral characteristics, such as flower opening and length of disc flowers lobes, as plesiomorphic states, but differ in habit (scandent shrubs vs. trees). Paracalia also retained white flowers, but its two species are characterised by the absence of outer phyllaries. The genera Gynoxys and Nordenstamia comprise species with yellow capitula which appear to be a derived feature in the Gynoxyoids. The genus Nordenstamia, with eight species, is synonymised under Gynoxys since molecular evidence shows its species nested within various parts of the Gynoxys subclade and the morphological variation of Nordenstamia falls well within that of Gynoxys. With the goal to assign all species to four genera (Aequatorium, Gynoxys, Paracalia and Paragynoxys), we assess the states for the eleven characters for all members of the Gynoxyoids and generate new ETS and ITS sequences for 171 specimens belonging to 49 species to further support their generic placement. We provide a taxonomic treatment for the four genera recognised here including amended diagnoses and morphological descriptions. Furthermore, a species-level taxonomic backbone is elaborated for all genera using electronic tools that list 158 currently accepted names and synonyms (209 names in total) with the respective protologue and type information, as well as notes on the current understanding of species limits. Eleven names are newly synonymised, two are lectotypified and eight are newly transferred to other genera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belen Escobari
- Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin 14195, Germany
- Herbario Nacional de Bolivia, Universidad Mayor de San Andres, Casilla, La Paz, 10077, Bolivia
| | - Thomas Borsch
- Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Norbert Kilian
- Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin 14195, Germany
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Zhang JW, Kilian N, Huang JH, Sun H. Ixeridiumsagittarioides (Asteraceae-Cichorieae) revisited: range extension and molecular evidence for its systematic position in the Lactuca alliance. PHYTOKEYS 2023; 230:115-130. [PMID: 37588040 PMCID: PMC10425873 DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.230.107733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Our first record of the rare and scatteredly distributed Ixeridiumsagittarioides for Guizhou, China, triggered a study to assess its systematic position. The species was placed in four different genera in the course of its taxonomic history and was recently treated with doubts as a member of Ixeridium in the Flora of China. Comparative morphological investigation and phylogenetic analyses based on the nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (nrITS) and five non-coding plastid DNA regions (petD region, psbA-trnH, trnL-trnF, rpl32-trnL (UAG) and 5´rps16-trnQ (UUG) spacers) provided evidence that the species is not a member of Ixeridium and the Crepidinae but has evolved by ancient hybridisation of members of the Lactuca alliance (Lactucinae). It is reinstated as Lactucasagittarioides and a comprehensive morphological description is provided, based on material from its entire range of distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Wen Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, ChinaCAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina
| | - Norbert Kilian
- Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin -Luise-Str. 6–8, 14195 Berlin, GermanyFreie Universitat BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Jiang-Hua Huang
- Forestry Bureau of Wangmo County, Wangmo 552300, Guizhou, ChinaForestry Bureau of Wangmo CountyWangmoChina
| | - Hang Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, ChinaCAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina
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Yuan B, Yuan JK, Huang CG, Lian JR, Li YH, Fan XM, Yuan DY. Pseudopollen in Camellia oleifera and its implications for pollination ecology and taxonomy. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1032187. [PMID: 36466242 PMCID: PMC9712735 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1032187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS In 1997, Tsou described the special differentiation of the connective tissues of some species of Theaceae to produce single-celled powders with unique patterns called pseudopollen. The purpose of this study was to investigate the morphological structure of the pseudopollen of Camellia oleifera (Theaceae) and to study the morphology of pseudopollen in seven other Camellia species. METHODS Scanning electron microscopy, paraffin section, light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, histochemistry. KEY RESULT C. oleifera pseudopollen was similar to normal pollen in macroscopic morphology but different microscopically. The normal pollen was starch-rich and yellow, with mostly reticulate exine ornamentation. In contrast, the pseudopollen was a white powder, single-celled and rich in protein, with parallel unbranched ridge lines on the outer wall, and originated from the parenchyma of the connective tissues. There are also differences in the micro-characteristics of normal and pseudopollen among different species in Camellia. CONCLUSION There are great differences in morphological structure between C. oleifera and other species in Camellia normal pollen and pseudopollen; these results may indicate that the pseudopollen can be used as a taxonomic basis for Camellia, and the macroscopic similarity between pseudopollen and pollen and histochemical characteristics of pseudopollen can be a pollination strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Non-Wood Forest Products of State Forestry Administration, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Jing-Kun Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Non-Wood Forest Products of State Forestry Administration, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Cheng-Gong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Non-Wood Forest Products of State Forestry Administration, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Jia-Rui Lian
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Non-Wood Forest Products of State Forestry Administration, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Yi-Huan Li
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Non-Wood Forest Products of State Forestry Administration, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Fan
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Non-Wood Forest Products of State Forestry Administration, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - De-Yi Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Non-Wood Forest Products of State Forestry Administration, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
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