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Zheng R, Qi Z, Thibaut A, Wang Z, Xu Z, Di H, Wu X, Mao Y, Laureys S. Clinical application of neuromodulation therapy in patients with disorder of consciousness: A pooled analysis of 544 participants. NeuroRehabilitation 2023; 53:491-503. [PMID: 37927281 DOI: 10.3233/nre-230103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The number of patients with disorders of consciousness (DoC) has increased dramatically with the advancement of intensive care and emergency medicine, which brings tremendous economic burdens and even ethical issues to families and society. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of neuromodulation therapy for patients with DoC. METHODS First, we conducted a literature review of individual patient data (IPD) on PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane-controlled trials following PRISMA guidelines. Then, we collected neuromodulation cases from our institution. Finally, we conducted a pooled analysis using the participants from the medical literature (n = 522) and our local institutions (n = 22). RESULTS In this pooled analysis of 544 patients with DoC with a mean age of 46.33 years, our results revealed that patients have improved CRS-R scores [1.0 points (95% CI, 0.57-1.42)] after neuromodulation. Among them, patients have better effectiveness in traumatic than non-traumatic etiology (P < 0.05). The effectiveness of consciousness improvement could be affected by the age, baseline consciousness state, and duration of stimulation. Compared with non-invasive intervention, an invasive intervention can bring more behavioral improvement (P < 0.0001) to MCS rather than UWS/VS patients. Importantly, neuromodulation is a valuable therapy even years after the onset of DoC. CONCLUSION This pooled analysis spotlights that the application of neuromodulation can improve the behavioral performance of patients with DoC. A preliminary trend is that age, etiology, baseline consciousness state, and stimulation duration could impact its effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruizhe Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Ministry of Education's (MOE) Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zengxin Qi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Ministry of Education's (MOE) Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Aurore Thibaut
- GIGA Consciousness Research Unit, Coma Science Group, Liège University, Liège, Belgium
- GIGA Consciousness, Centre du Cerveau, Liège University Hospital, Liège, Belgium
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Ministry of Education's (MOE) Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zeyu Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Ministry of Education's (MOE) Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haibo Di
- International Consciousness Science Institute, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuehai Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Ministry of Education's (MOE) Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Ministry of Education's (MOE) Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Steven Laureys
- GIGA Consciousness Research Unit, Coma Science Group, Liège University, Liège, Belgium
- GIGA Consciousness, Centre du Cerveau, Liège University Hospital, Liège, Belgium
- International Consciousness Science Institute, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Unit on Consciousness, CERVO Brain Research Centre, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
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Knapik P, Borowik D, Cieśla D, Trejnowska E. Epidemiology and clinical characteristics of patients discharged from the ICU in a vegetative or minimally conscious state. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0253225. [PMID: 34170921 PMCID: PMC8232456 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE A significant percentage of patients are discharged from intensive care units (ICU) with disorders of counciousness (DoC). The aim of this retrospective, case-control study was to compare patients discharged from the ICU in a vegetative state (VS) or minimally conscious state (MCS) and the rest of ICU survivors, and to identify independent predictors of DoC among ICU survivors. METHODS Data from 14,368 adult ICU survivors identified in a Silesian Registry of Intensive Care Units (active in the Silesian Region of Poland between October 2010 and December 2019) were analyzed. Patients discharged from the ICU in a VS or MCS were compared to the remaining ICU survivors. Pre-admission and admission variables that independently influence ICU discharge with DoC were identified. RESULTS Among the 14,368 analyzed adult ICU survivors, 1,064 (7.4%) were discharged from the ICU in a VS or MCS. The percentage of patients discharged from the ICU with DoC was similar in all age groups. Compared to non- DoC ICU patients, they had a higher mean APACHE II and SAPS III score at admission. Independent variables affecting ICU discharge with DoC included unconsciousness at ICU admission, cardiac arrest and craniocerebral trauma as primary cause of ICU admission, as well as a history of previous chronic neurological disorders and cerebral stroke (p<0.001). CONCLUSION Discharge in a VS and MCS was relatively frequent among ICU survivors. Discharge with DoC was more likely among patients who were unconscious at admission and admitted to the ICU due to cardiac arrest or craniocerebral trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Knapik
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Therapy and Emergency Medicine, Silesian Centre for Heart Diseases, Medical University of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Dawid Borowik
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Therapy and Emergency Medicine, Silesian Centre for Heart Diseases, Medical University of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Daniel Cieśla
- Department of Science and New Technologies, Silesian Centre for Heart Diseases, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Ewa Trejnowska
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Therapy and Emergency Medicine, Silesian Centre for Heart Diseases, Medical University of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
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Carroll E, Nelson A, Kurzweil A, Zabar S, Lewis A. Using Objective Structured Clinical Exams (OSCE) to Teach Neurology Residents to Disclose Prognosis after Hypoxic Ischemic Brain Injury. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2021; 30:105846. [PMID: 33984743 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2021.105846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurologists need to be adept at disclosing prognosis and breaking bad news. Objective structured clinical examinations (OSCE) allow trainees to practice these skills. METHODS In 2017, in conjunction with the NYU School of Medicine Simulation Center, neurology faculty designed an OSCE case in which a resident had to inform a standardized patient (SP) her father had severe global hypoxic ischemic injury. The residents were surveyed on the experience using a Likert scale from 1 (worst) to 5 (best). The SP completed a behavioral anchored checklist and marked items as "not done," "partly done," or "well done". RESULTS 57 third and fourth year neurology residents completed the case from 2018 to 2020, 54 (95%) of whom completed the post-OSCE survey. Residents reported feeling moderately prepared for the simulation (mean Likert score 3.7/5), and thought their performance was average (3.4/5). Overall, they found the case to be very helpful (4.6/5). The residents performed well in the realms of maintaining professionalism (64% rated "well done"), developing a relationship (62% rated "well done"), and information gathering (61% rated "well done"). There was room for improvement in the realms of providing education and presenting the bad news (39% and 37% rated "partly/not done," respectively). CONCLUSIONS OSCE cases can be used to teach neurology trainees how to discuss prognosis and break bad news. Feedback about this simulation was positive, though its efficacy has yet to be evaluated and could be a future direction of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Carroll
- Department of Neurology, NYU Langone Medical Center, 530 1st Ave, HCC-5A, New York 10016, NY, United States.
| | - Aaron Nelson
- Department of Neurology, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.
| | - Arielle Kurzweil
- Department of Neurology, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.
| | - Sondra Zabar
- Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.
| | - Ariane Lewis
- Department of Neurology, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, United States; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.
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Jacob B, Chan V, Stock D, Colantonio A, Cullen N. Determinants of Discharge Disposition From Acute Care for Survivors of Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury: Results From a Large Population-Based Cohort Data Set. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2021; 102:1514-1523. [PMID: 33609499 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2021.01.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify determinants of discharge disposition from acute care among survivors of hypoxic-ischemic brain injury (HIBI), stratified by sex. DESIGN Population-based retrospective cohort study using provincial data in Ontario, Canada. The determinants were grouped into predisposing, need, and enabling factors using the Anderson Behavioral Model. SETTING Acute care. PARTICIPANTS Survivors of HIBI aged ≥20 years at the time of hospitalization and discharged alive from acute care between April 1, 2002, and March 31, 2017. There were 7492 patients with HIBI, of whom 28% (N=2077) survived their acute care episode. INTERVENTIONS Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Discharge disposition from acute care, categorized as complex continuing care (CCC), long-term care (LTC), inpatient rehabilitation (IR), home with support, home without support, and transferred to another acute care. RESULTS The discharge dispositions for the 2077 survivors were IR 23.4% (n=487), CCC 19.5% (n=404), LTC 6.2% (n=128), home without support 31.2% (n=647), home with support 15.1% (n=314), and other 4.6%. Multinomial multivariable logistic regression analysis using home without support as the reference category revealed that female patients were significantly more likely than male patients to be discharged to LTC/CCC. Those who were older, were frail, and had longer stay in acute care or special care unit (SCU) were more likely to be discharged to LTC/CCC. The only significant determinant for IR was longer stay in acute care. Survivors with cardiac-related injury were less likely to be discharged to LTC/CCC. Income was a significant factor for male patients but not for female patients in the sex-stratified analysis. The following variables were investigated but were not significant determinants in this study: need factors (comorbidity score, prior psychiatric disorders, health care utilization) and enabling factors (income quintile, rural area of residence). CONCLUSIONS Predisposing (age, sex) and need factors (frailty, acute care days, SCU days, type of injury) were significant determinants of discharge disposition from acute care after HIBI. In spite of a system with universal coverage, sex differences were found, with more female patients being discharged to CCC/LTC rather than IR, controlling for age and other confounders. These findings should be considered in appropriate discharge planning from acute care for survivors of HIBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binu Jacob
- KITE-Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario Canada; Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario Canada.
| | - Vincy Chan
- KITE-Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario Canada; Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - David Stock
- KITE-Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario Canada; Clinical Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Angela Colantonio
- KITE-Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario Canada; Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada; Department of Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - Nora Cullen
- KITE-Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario Canada; Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada; McMaster University, Hamilton Health Science Centre, and St Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Change in Function Over Inpatient Rehabilitation After Hypoxic Ischemic Brain Injury: A Population-Wide Cohort Study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2019; 100:1640-1647. [PMID: 30796922 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2019.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate change in motor, cognitive, and overall functional performance during inpatient rehabilitation (IR) and to identify potential determinants of these outcomes among patients with hypoxic-ischemic brain injury (HIBI). DESIGN Population-based retrospective cohort study using Ontario's health administrative data. SETTING Inpatient rehabilitation. PARTICIPANTS Survivors of HIBI 20 years and older discharged from acute care between fiscal years 2002-2003 and 2010-2011 and admitted to IR within 1 year of acute care discharge (N=159). INTERVENTIONS Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Functional status as measured by FIM, total, and scores on motor and cognitive subscales. RESULTS A higher proportion (77%) of HIBI patients in the study were male and 28% were older than 65 years. We observed material improvements in FIM total, motor, and cognitive scores from across the IR episode. Potential determinants of total FIM gain were living in rural location (β, 10.4; 95% CI, 0.21-21), having shorter preceding acute care length of stay (15-30 vs >60 days β, 10.4; 95% CI, 1.4-19.5), and failing to proceed directly to IR following acute care discharge (β, 8.7; 95% CI, 1.8-15.5). Motor FIM gain had similar identified potential determinants. Identified potential determinants of cognitive FIM gain were shorter (ie, 31-60 vs >60 days) preceding acute care, longer IR and length of stay, and proceeding directly to IR. There were no sex differences in functional gain. CONCLUSIONS Inpatient rehabilitation is beneficial to HIBI survivors. Timely access to these services may be crucial in achieving optimal outcomes for these patients.
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Chan V, Stock D, Jacob B, Cullen N, Colantonio A. Readmission following hypoxic ischemic brain injury: a population-based cohort study. CMAJ Open 2018; 6:E568-E574. [PMID: 30482758 PMCID: PMC6263420 DOI: 10.9778/cmajo.20180080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Readmission to acute care is common and is associated with indicators of suboptimal care and health system inefficiencies. The objective of this study was to identify independent determinants of readmission following survival of hypoxic ischemic brain injury. METHODS We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study using Ontario's administrative health data. Survivors of hypoxic ischemic brain injury aged 20 years or more discharged from acute care between fiscal years 2002/03 and 2010/11 were included. Multivariable negative binomial regression was used to identify independent determinants of both number of readmissions and cumulative duration of hospital stay(s) within 1 year after the index discharge. RESULTS Of the 593 patients with hypoxic ischemic brain injury, 233 (39.3%) were readmitted within 1 year of the index acute care discharge. The number of readmissions was associated with age (35-49 yr v. 65-79 yr: rate ratio [RR] 0.57, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.38-0.85; ≥ 80 yr v. 65-79 yr: RR 0.58, 95% CI 0.34-0.97) and higher comorbidity score (Johns Hopkins Aggregated Diagnosis Groups score > 30 v. < 10: RR 1.60, 95% CI 1.11-2.31). Cumulative readmission stay was associated with increased index acute care length of stay (31-90 d v. ≥ 90 d: RR 4.17, 95% CI 1.38-12.64), prior use of health care services (minimal v. very high: RR 0.15, 95% CI 0.05-0.49) and discharge disposition (home v. continuing/long-term care: RR 0.44, 95% CI 0.21-0.91). INTERPRETATION The findings indicate a high readmission rate in the first year after the index acute care admission for survivors of hypoxic ischemic brain injury, reflecting care gaps and system inefficiencies. This suggests that bolstered discharge and home care planning and support are needed to address the specific needs of those with hypoxic ischemic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincy Chan
- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute (Chan, Stock, Jacob, Cullen, Colantonio), University Health Network, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Clinical Health and Epidemiology (Stock), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; West Park Healthcare Centre (Cullen); Rehabilitation Sciences Institute (Cullen, Colantonio), University of Toronto; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (Colantonio), Toronto, Ont.
| | - David Stock
- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute (Chan, Stock, Jacob, Cullen, Colantonio), University Health Network, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Clinical Health and Epidemiology (Stock), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; West Park Healthcare Centre (Cullen); Rehabilitation Sciences Institute (Cullen, Colantonio), University of Toronto; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (Colantonio), Toronto, Ont
| | - Binu Jacob
- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute (Chan, Stock, Jacob, Cullen, Colantonio), University Health Network, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Clinical Health and Epidemiology (Stock), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; West Park Healthcare Centre (Cullen); Rehabilitation Sciences Institute (Cullen, Colantonio), University of Toronto; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (Colantonio), Toronto, Ont
| | - Nora Cullen
- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute (Chan, Stock, Jacob, Cullen, Colantonio), University Health Network, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Clinical Health and Epidemiology (Stock), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; West Park Healthcare Centre (Cullen); Rehabilitation Sciences Institute (Cullen, Colantonio), University of Toronto; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (Colantonio), Toronto, Ont
| | - Angela Colantonio
- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute (Chan, Stock, Jacob, Cullen, Colantonio), University Health Network, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Clinical Health and Epidemiology (Stock), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; West Park Healthcare Centre (Cullen); Rehabilitation Sciences Institute (Cullen, Colantonio), University of Toronto; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (Colantonio), Toronto, Ont
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