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Riegler-Berket L, Wechselberger L, Cerk IK, Padmanabha Das KM, Viertlmayr R, Kulminskaya N, Rodriguez Gamez CF, Schweiger M, Zechner R, Zimmermann R, Oberer M. Residues of the minimal sequence of G0S2 collectively contribute to ATGL inhibition while C-and N-terminal extensions promote binding to ATGL. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2022; 1867:159105. [PMID: 35026402 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2021.159105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The protein encoded by the G0/G1 switch gene 2 (G0S2) is a potent inhibitor of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and thus an important regulator of intracellular lipolysis. Since dysfunction of lipolysis is associated with metabolic diseases including diabetes and obesity, inhibition of ATGL is considered a therapeutic strategy. G0S2 interacts with ATGL's patatin-domain to mediate non-competitive inhibition, however atomic details of the inhibition mechanism are incompletely understood. Sequences of G0S2 from higher organisms show a highly conserved N-terminal part, including a hydrophobic region covering amino acids 27 to 42. We show that predicted G0S2 orthologs from platypus, chicken and Japanese rice-fish are able to inhibit human and mouse ATGL, emphasizing the contribution of conserved amino acid to ATGL inhibition. Our site directed mutagenesis and truncation studies give insights in the protein-protein interaction on a per-residue level. We determine that the minimal sequence required for ATGL inhibition ranges from amino acids 20 to 44. Residues Y27, V28, G30, A34 G37, V39 or L42 within this sequence play a substantial role in ATGL inhibition. Furthermore, we show that unspecific interactions of the N-terminal part (amino acids 20-27) of the minimal sequence facilitate the interaction to ATGL. Our studies also demonstrate that full-length G0S2 shows higher tolerance to specific single amino acid exchanges in the hydrophobic region due to the stronger contributions of unspecific interactions. However, exchanges of more than one amino-acid in the hydrophobic region also result in the loss of function as ATGL inhibitor even in the full-length protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Riegler-Berket
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - L Wechselberger
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - I K Cerk
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - K M Padmanabha Das
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - R Viertlmayr
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - N Kulminskaya
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | | | - M Schweiger
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; BioTechMed Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - R Zechner
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; BioTechMed Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; BioHealth Field of Excellence, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - R Zimmermann
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; BioTechMed Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; BioHealth Field of Excellence, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - M Oberer
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; BioTechMed Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; BioHealth Field of Excellence, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria.
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Chen H, Hung WS, Lo CH, Huang SH, Cheng ML, Liu G, Lee KR, Lai JY, Sun YM, Hu CC, Suzuki R, Ohdaira T, Oshima N, Jean YC. Free-Volume Depth Profile of Polymeric Membranes Studied by Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy: Layer Structure from Interfacial Polymerization. Macromolecules 2007. [DOI: 10.1021/ma071493w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongmin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of MissouriKansas City, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, Department of Chemical Engineering, Nanya Institute of Technology, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, and National Institute of Advanced
| | - Wei-Song Hung
- Department of Chemistry, University of MissouriKansas City, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, Department of Chemical Engineering, Nanya Institute of Technology, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, and National Institute of Advanced
| | - Chia-Hao Lo
- Department of Chemistry, University of MissouriKansas City, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, Department of Chemical Engineering, Nanya Institute of Technology, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, and National Institute of Advanced
| | - Shu-Hsien Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of MissouriKansas City, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, Department of Chemical Engineering, Nanya Institute of Technology, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, and National Institute of Advanced
| | - Mei-Ling Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of MissouriKansas City, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, Department of Chemical Engineering, Nanya Institute of Technology, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, and National Institute of Advanced
| | - Guang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of MissouriKansas City, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, Department of Chemical Engineering, Nanya Institute of Technology, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, and National Institute of Advanced
| | - Kueir-Rarn Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of MissouriKansas City, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, Department of Chemical Engineering, Nanya Institute of Technology, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, and National Institute of Advanced
| | - Juin-Yih Lai
- Department of Chemistry, University of MissouriKansas City, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, Department of Chemical Engineering, Nanya Institute of Technology, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, and National Institute of Advanced
| | - Yi-Ming Sun
- Department of Chemistry, University of MissouriKansas City, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, Department of Chemical Engineering, Nanya Institute of Technology, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, and National Institute of Advanced
| | - Chien-Chieh Hu
- Department of Chemistry, University of MissouriKansas City, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, Department of Chemical Engineering, Nanya Institute of Technology, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, and National Institute of Advanced
| | - R. Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry, University of MissouriKansas City, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, Department of Chemical Engineering, Nanya Institute of Technology, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, and National Institute of Advanced
| | - T. Ohdaira
- Department of Chemistry, University of MissouriKansas City, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, Department of Chemical Engineering, Nanya Institute of Technology, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, and National Institute of Advanced
| | - N. Oshima
- Department of Chemistry, University of MissouriKansas City, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, Department of Chemical Engineering, Nanya Institute of Technology, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, and National Institute of Advanced
| | - Y. C. Jean
- Department of Chemistry, University of MissouriKansas City, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, Department of Chemical Engineering, Nanya Institute of Technology, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, and National Institute of Advanced
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