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Nedic Erjavec G, Tudor L, Nikolac Perkovic M, Podobnik J, Dodig Curkovic K, Curkovic M, Svob Strac D, Cusek M, Bortolato M, Pivac N. Serotonin 5-HT 2A receptor polymorphisms are associated with irritability and aggression in conduct disorder. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2022; 117:110542. [PMID: 35257831 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2022.110542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In childhood and adolescence, overt antisocial and aggressive manifestations are typically diagnosed as conduct disorder (CD). Given that the emerging research has pointed to the influence of 5-HT2A receptors in the ontogeny of aggression, we aimed to analyze the association of its genetic polymorphisms with CD. The study included 228 male adolescent subjects (120 with and 108 without CD). CD was diagnosed according to Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV criteria, while evaluations of aggressive/dissociative behaviors were performed using psychometric questionnaires including the PCL-YV, OAS-M, KADS, and CBCL. Platelet 5-HT concentration was determined by spectrophotofluorometry. Genotyping of 5-HT2A receptor polymorphisms rs2070040, rs9534511, rs4142900, rs9534512 was performed using TaqMan SNP Genotyping Assays. Subjective irritability, physical aggression toward others, and antisocial behavior were strongly associated with the G allele of rs2070040 and rs4142900, and the C allele of rs9534511 and rs9534512. A significantly increased platelet 5-HT concentration in CD subjects, compared to controls, was lost after the correction according to the smoking status. Our results indicate an association of the studied HTR2A polymorphisms and their haplotypes with irritability and impulsivity traits, which may contribute to the aggressive and antisocial behavior in male adolescents with CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordana Nedic Erjavec
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Division of Molecular Medicine, Bijenicka cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lucija Tudor
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Division of Molecular Medicine, Bijenicka cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Matea Nikolac Perkovic
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Division of Molecular Medicine, Bijenicka cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Josip Podobnik
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Hospital for Children and Youth Zagreb, Kukuljeviceva 11, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Katarina Dodig Curkovic
- Department for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Clinical Hospital Center Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Mario Curkovic
- Family Medicine, Park Kralja Petra Krešimira IV. 6, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Dubravka Svob Strac
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Division of Molecular Medicine, Bijenicka cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Marco Bortolato
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Salt Lake City, 30 South 2000 East, UT 84112, USA.
| | - Nela Pivac
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Division of Molecular Medicine, Bijenicka cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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Nedic Erjavec G, Bektic Hodzic J, Repovecki S, Nikolac Perkovic M, Uzun S, Kozumplik O, Tudor L, Mimica N, Svob Strac D, Pivac N. Alcohol-related phenotypes and platelet serotonin concentration. Alcohol 2021; 97:41-49. [PMID: 34530080 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2021.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol dependence is a chronic relapsing mental disorder with heterogeneous and complex underlying biology. It is frequently associated with nicotine dependence, severity of alcohol dependence symptoms, and diverse alcohol-related phenotypes, including the presence of delirium tremens and withdrawal symptoms, early or late onset of alcohol abuse, aggression, suicidal behavior, and anxiety. While searching for peripheral biomarkers of altered serotonergic (5-HT) function in alcohol dependence and alcohol-related behaviors, we determined a peripheral biomarker, i.e., platelet 5-HT concentration in a large group of Caucasian subjects with alcohol dependence subdivided according to the presence of specific alcohol-related phenotypes and smoking status. Individuals with alcohol dependence (n = 661) of both sexes were evaluated using Structural Clinical Interview based on DSM-IV criteria, while platelet 5-HT concentration was determined using the spectrophotofluorimetric method. Smoking is significantly associated, while sex and age are not, with platelet 5-HT concentration. Severe alcohol dependence and lack of withdrawal symptoms were associated with significantly decreased platelet 5-HT concentration in alcohol-dependent non-smokers. In smokers, significantly lower platelet 5-HT concentration was found in patients with the late onset of alcohol abuse. These results suggested that platelet 5-HT concentration might be used as a peripheral marker of different alcohol-related phenotypes, after controlling for the effects of smoking and sex.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jasminka Bektic Hodzic
- Department for Biological Psychiatry and Psychogeriatry, University Hospital Vrapce, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Senka Repovecki
- Department for Biological Psychiatry and Psychogeriatry, University Hospital Vrapce, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Suzana Uzun
- Department for Biological Psychiatry and Psychogeriatry, University Hospital Vrapce, Zagreb, Croatia; University Josip Juraj Strossmayer, Osijek, School of Medicine, Croatia
| | - Oliver Kozumplik
- Department for Biological Psychiatry and Psychogeriatry, University Hospital Vrapce, Zagreb, Croatia; University Josip Juraj Strossmayer, Osijek, School of Medicine, Croatia
| | - Lucija Tudor
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ninoslav Mimica
- Department for Biological Psychiatry and Psychogeriatry, University Hospital Vrapce, Zagreb, Croatia; University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Nela Pivac
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia.
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Rugo-Cook KF, Kerig PK, Crowell SE, Bryan CJ. Fluid vulnerability theory as a framework for understanding the association between posttraumatic stress disorder and suicide: A narrative review. J Trauma Stress 2021; 34:1080-1098. [PMID: 34881461 DOI: 10.1002/jts.22782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Suicide is a persistent issue in the United States and across the globe. A large body of published research shows that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) increases the risk of suicidal ideation, suicidal behaviors, and death by suicide. However, the existing literature examining why that association might pertain is widely dispersed across disciplines (e.g., psychology, nursing) and lacks an integrative theoretical framework, making it difficult to conceptualize the current state of science in this area. Therefore, the primary aims of this narrative review were to (a) provide a comprehensive and interdisciplinary critique of the current state of knowledge regarding mechanisms that underlie the association between PTSD and suicide and (b) organize that knowledge according to a specified theoretical framework. The framework guiding this review is "fluid vulnerability theory," a diathesis-stress model of suicide that emphasizes the dynamic nature of suicide risk across cognitive, emotional, behavioral, and physiological domains. A summary of the findings, including patterns that emerged, gaps that remain, and recommendations for the advancement of science and practice in this area are addressed in this narrative review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsi F Rugo-Cook
- Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Patricia K Kerig
- Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Sheila E Crowell
- Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Craig J Bryan
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,VISN 2 Center of Excellence for Suicide Prevention, Canandaigua, New York, USA
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Ljubin-Golub T, Uzun S, Mimica N, Kozumplik O, Kalinic D, Kovacic Petrovic Z, Folnegovic Grosic P, Pivac N. Platelet serotonin concentration and trait aggression in veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder: a preliminary study. Stress 2021; 24:787-794. [PMID: 34006175 DOI: 10.1080/10253890.2021.1920918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal and human studies suggest that aggressive behavior may be modulated by brain serotonergic system. Serotonergic (5-HT) dysfunction is associated with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but also with increased aggression and impulsivity, hallmarks of PTSD. The aim of the study was to investigate the association of platelet 5-HT concentration and various types of aggression and impulsivity in veterans with PTSD. A group of 42 male combat-related PTSD subjects entered the study. Four different aggression facets were measured by the Buss and Perry's Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ). Verbal and physical types of impulsive aggressive behavior were measured by the subscales of the Žužul's Aggressiveness Inventory A-87. Impulsivity was determined using Eysenck's IVE questionnaire. PTSD severity was evaluated by Watson's PTSD questionnaire. Platelet serotonin concentration was determined spectrofluorimetrically. Confounding variables were: age, body mass, alcohol use, comorbid depression, and tobacco use. Platelet 5-HT concentration and PTSD severity were independently associated only with impulsive types of aggression, as higher platelet 5-HT concentration and more severe PTSD were related to more impulsive aggression. These results strongly recommend distinguishing between specific types of aggression facets, and advise the importance of theory-based concepts of aggression facets when evaluating the biological correlates of aggression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Suzana Uzun
- Department for Biological Psychiatry and Psychogeriatrics, University Psychiatric Hospital Vrapce, Zagreb, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Osijek Josip Juraj Strossmayer, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Ninoslav Mimica
- Department for Biological Psychiatry and Psychogeriatrics, University Psychiatric Hospital Vrapce, Zagreb, Croatia
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Oliver Kozumplik
- Department for Biological Psychiatry and Psychogeriatrics, University Psychiatric Hospital Vrapce, Zagreb, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Osijek Josip Juraj Strossmayer, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Dubravka Kalinic
- Department for Biological Psychiatry and Psychogeriatrics, University Psychiatric Hospital Vrapce, Zagreb, Croatia
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zrnka Kovacic Petrovic
- Department for Biological Psychiatry and Psychogeriatrics, University Psychiatric Hospital Vrapce, Zagreb, Croatia
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Nela Pivac
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
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Karatas KS, Bahceci I, Telatar TG, Bahceci B, Hocaoglu C. Relationship between disease and disease severity and semaphorin 5A and hemogram level in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Nord J Psychiatry 2021; 75:509-515. [PMID: 33771090 DOI: 10.1080/08039488.2021.1896779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Semaphorin 5A (SEMA 5A) is a neuroprotein that regulates the formation of excitatory synapses between neurons, important in autoimmunity, inflammatory processes and behaviors. This study aimed to investigate the SEMA 5A levels in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) diagnosed for the first time and evaluate the relationship of disease and disease severity with the blood SEMA 5A level and hemogram. METHODS More than 41,465 patients who applied to the psychiatry clinic from January 2018 to December 2020 were evaluated according to the DSM-5 criteria; 57 patients diagnosed with OCD for the first time, who met the inclusion criteria, were included in the study. Disease severity was investigated administering the Yale Brown Obsessive Compulsion Scale. The peripheral blood SEMA 5A level and hemogram were measured and evaluated in relation to platelet (PLT) activity, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), PLT-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), C-reactive protein (CRP), and compared with control group of 26 people. RESULTS The comparison of the groups revealed a significant difference in SEMA 5A and CRP level, neutrophil count and percentage, lymphocyte count, PLT activity. A significant correlation was found between disease and SEMA 5A level, NLR, PLR, and PLT parameters in diagnosis of OCD. As the severity of OCD increased, the SEMA 5A level and PLT count decreased, while the PDW and MLR values increased. CONCLUSION In patients with OCD, a relationship was found between plasma SEMA 5A, PLT activity, NLR, PLR, and MLR activity levels with disease and the disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kader Semra Karatas
- Psychiatry Department, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University Medical School, Rize, Turkey
| | - Ilkay Bahceci
- Medical Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology Department, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University Medical School, Rize, Turkey
| | - Tahsin Gokhan Telatar
- Public Health Department, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University Medical School, Rize, Turkey
| | - Bulent Bahceci
- Psychiatry Department, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University Medical School, Rize, Turkey
| | - Cicek Hocaoglu
- Psychiatry Department, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University Medical School, Rize, Turkey
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Sher L. Neurobiology of suicidal behavior in combat veterans. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 2020; 42:465-466. [PMID: 32267346 PMCID: PMC7524409 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2020-0877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leo Sher
- James J. Peters Veterans' Administration Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Dutta SE, Gupta S, Raju MSVK, Kumar A, Pawar A. Platelet Serotonin Level and Impulsivity in Human Self-destructive Behavior: A Biological and Psychological Study. J Neurosci Rural Pract 2019; 8:199-203. [PMID: 28479792 PMCID: PMC5402484 DOI: 10.4103/jnrp.jnrp_425_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Context: Suicide is a disease and a global public health problem. Suicidology has come to become a topic of study for intervention and research. The serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine [5HT]) system has remained a prime area of investigation. The neurons and platelets display structural and functional similarities. Ninety-nine percent of 5HT is contained in platelets, which shares similar 5HT uptake and release mechanisms with 5HT neurons. Aims: This study aims to study human self-destructive behavior (HSDB). Objectives: Exploring the biological (serotonin levels in platelets) and psychological aspects (impulsivity) of attempted suicide or HSDB. Settings and Design: Thirty-one patients, above the age of 18 years, with a recent history of HSDB, were studied and given an International Classification of Diseases-10 diagnosis, after a detailed interview. Subjects and Methods: For the platelet 5HT estimation, blood samples were collected, and enzyme immunometric assay carried out. Detailed assessment of the impulsivity was done by the 25-item structured diagnostic interview for borderlines by Zanarini et al. Statistical Analysis Used: We obtained both categorical and continuous data. Chi-square test, Fisher's test, Student's t-test, and Pearson's product moment correlation were used. Results: Female subjects outnumbered males by 2:1. Major depression, adjustment disorder, personality disorder were predominant diagnoses. The mean platelet serotonin concentration for males = 57.3 ng/ml, that of females = 56.05 ng/ml (P > 0.05). Platelet 5HT levels were found to be negatively correlated with impulsivity scores (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Platelet serotonin levels in our study sample were quite low when compared with those reported in published literature. Low serotonin levels were inversely related to impulsivity, but only in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Era Dutta
- Department of Mental Health and Behavioural Sciences, Fortis Healthcare, Mumbai, India
| | - Sriniwas Gupta
- Department of Psychiatry, Military Hospital, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - M S V K Raju
- Department of Psychiatry, People's College, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | | | - Alka Pawar
- Department of Psychiatry, BJ Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Association of polymorphisms in HTR2A, TPH1, and TPH2 genes with attempted suicide in rural China. Psychiatr Genet 2019; 29:79-85. [PMID: 30789538 DOI: 10.1097/ypg.0000000000000221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to test the association of polymorphisms in HTR2A, TPH1, and TPH2 genes with attempted suicide in rural China. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS On the basis of a case-control study, we recruited 1200 pairs of participants from Shandong Province, China. The blood samples of 712 suicide attempters and 739 nonsuicide attempters were collected finally. We tested seven single nucleotide polymorphisms: rs6313 and rs6311 in HTR2A, rs4537731, rs1800532, and rs1799913 in TPH1, and rs4448731 and rs4641527 in TPH2. RESULTS In univariate analysis, allele C of rs4537731 was associated negatively with attempted suicide among total and male samples; however, the association was not statistically significant in multivariate analysis after adjusting for other potential confounding factors. No association between other six single nucleotide polymorphisms and attempted suicide was found in the total, male, or female samples. CONCLUSION This study did not support the effect of these seven serotonergic gene polymorphisms on attempted suicide in rural China.
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Bandelow B, Baldwin D, Abelli M, Bolea-Alamanac B, Bourin M, Chamberlain SR, Cinosi E, Davies S, Domschke K, Fineberg N, Grünblatt E, Jarema M, Kim YK, Maron E, Masdrakis V, Mikova O, Nutt D, Pallanti S, Pini S, Ströhle A, Thibaut F, Vaghix MM, Won E, Wedekind D, Wichniak A, Woolley J, Zwanzger P, Riederer P. Biological markers for anxiety disorders, OCD and PTSD: A consensus statement. Part II: Neurochemistry, neurophysiology and neurocognition. World J Biol Psychiatry 2017; 18:162-214. [PMID: 27419272 PMCID: PMC5341771 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2016.1190867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Biomarkers are defined as anatomical, biochemical or physiological traits that are specific to certain disorders or syndromes. The objective of this paper is to summarise the current knowledge of biomarkers for anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). METHODS Findings in biomarker research were reviewed by a task force of international experts in the field, consisting of members of the World Federation of Societies for Biological Psychiatry Task Force on Biological Markers and of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology Anxiety Disorders Research Network. RESULTS The present article (Part II) summarises findings on potential biomarkers in neurochemistry (neurotransmitters such as serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine or GABA, neuropeptides such as cholecystokinin, neurokinins, atrial natriuretic peptide, or oxytocin, the HPA axis, neurotrophic factors such as NGF and BDNF, immunology and CO2 hypersensitivity), neurophysiology (EEG, heart rate variability) and neurocognition. The accompanying paper (Part I) focuses on neuroimaging and genetics. CONCLUSIONS Although at present, none of the putative biomarkers is sufficient and specific as a diagnostic tool, an abundance of high quality research has accumulated that should improve our understanding of the neurobiological causes of anxiety disorders, OCD and PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borwin Bandelow
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Göttingen, Germany
| | - David Baldwin
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Marianna Abelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Blanca Bolea-Alamanac
- School of Social and Community Medicine, Academic Unit of Psychiatry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Michel Bourin
- Neurobiology of Anxiety and Mood Disorders, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Samuel R. Chamberlain
- Hertfordshire Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust and University of Hertfordshire, Parkway, UK
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Eduardo Cinosi
- Department of Neuroscience Imaging and Clinical Sciences, Gabriele D’Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Simon Davies
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Geriatric Psychiatry Division, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- School of Social and Community Medicine, Academic Unit of Psychiatry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Katharina Domschke
- Department of Psychiatry Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Naomi Fineberg
- Hertfordshire Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust and University of Hertfordshire, Parkway, UK
| | - Edna Grünblatt
- Department of Psychiatry Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and the ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marek Jarema
- Third Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Yong-Ku Kim
- Department of Psychiatry College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eduard Maron
- Department of Psychiatry, North Estonia Medical Centre, Tallinn, Estonia
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Tartu, Estonia
- Faculty of Medicine Department of Medicine, Centre for Neuropsychopharmacology, Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Vasileios Masdrakis
- Athens University Medical School, First Department of Psychiatry, Eginition Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Olya Mikova
- Foundation Biological Psychiatry, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - David Nutt
- Faculty of Medicine Department of Medicine, Centre for Neuropsychopharmacology, Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Stefano Pallanti
- UC Davis Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Stefano Pini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Andreas Ströhle
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité – University Medica Center Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Florence Thibaut
- Faculty of Medicine Paris Descartes, University Hospital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Matilde M. Vaghix
- Department of Psychology and Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Eunsoo Won
- Department of Psychiatry College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dirk Wedekind
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Göttingen, Germany
| | - Adam Wichniak
- Third Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Jade Woolley
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Peter Zwanzger
- kbo-Inn-Salzach-Klinikum Wasserburg am Inn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Riederer
- Department of Psychiatry Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
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No association between the serotonin transporter linked polymorphic region polymorphism and severity of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in combat veterans with or without comorbid depression. Psychiatry Res 2016; 244:376-81. [PMID: 27525827 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2016.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Since both posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression are associated with disturbances in the serotoninergic system, the aim of the study was to determine the association between severity of PTSD symptoms, serotonin transporter polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) and platelet serotonin (5-HT) concentration, in male combat veterans with PTSD (n = 325), who were subdivided according to presence of comorbid depression. The methodological approach included the psychiatric diagnostic interviews and rating scales (SCID for DSM-IV, HDRS, CAPS), polymerase chain reaction for 5-HTTLPR genotyping and spectrophotofluorometric method for measuring the platelet 5-HT concentration. PTSD veterans without depression had more severe PTSD symptoms, and less severe depressive symptoms, than PTSD veterans with depression. 5-HTTLPR genotype frequencies did not differ between veterans with mild, moderate and severe PTSD symptoms, and between depressed and non-depressed PTSD veterans. No significant association was found between the severity of PTSD symptoms and 5-HTTLPR genotype. Platelet 5-HT concentration was similar in PTSD veterans, with or without comorbid depression, and between two groups subdivided according to the severity of PTSD symptoms or 5-HTTLPR genotype. The study confirmed, on ethnically homogenous groups of veterans with matched combat experience, a lack of association between the PTSD symptoms severity and 5-HTTLPR or platelet 5-HT concentration.
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11
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Sagud M, Nikolac Perkovic M, Vuksan-Cusa B, Maravic A, Svob Strac D, Mihaljevic Peles A, Zivkovic M, Kusevic Z, Pivac N. A prospective, longitudinal study of platelet serotonin and plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor concentrations in major depression: effects of vortioxetine treatment. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2016; 233:3259-67. [PMID: 27356518 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-016-4364-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various antidepressants occupy brain serotonin transporter (SERT), decrease platelet serotonin (5-HT) concentration, and normalize reduced plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentrations in depressed patients. Vortioxetine is a recently introduced antidepressant with a multimodal mechanism of action. In addition to SERT inhibition, vortioxetine acts via different 5-HT receptors. To further elucidate its mechanism of action, we have investigated the effects of vortioxetine on platelet 5-HT and plasma BDNF concentrations in patients with major depression. METHODS Platelet 5-HT and plasma BDNF concentrations were determined in 44 healthy subjects at baseline and in 44 depressed patients before and after 4 weeks of treatment with vortioxetine (5-15 mg daily). Platelet 5-HT concentration was determined using the ortho-phthalaldehyde-enhanced fluorometric method, and plasma BDNF concentration using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Quantikine ELISA, R&D Systems). RESULTS At baseline, platelet 5-HT concentrations did not differ between depressed and control subjects, but plasma BDNF values were lower (p = 0.011; ω = 0.80) in depressed patients than in healthy subjects. Vortioxetine treatment significantly (p < 0.0001; ω = 0.80) decreased platelet 5-HT concentration and significantly (p = 0.004; ω = 0.80) increased plasma BDNF concentration in depressed patients compared to their baseline values. Age, gender, and smoking were not significantly associated with platelet 5-HT and plasma BDNF concentrations. CONCLUSION Despite a novel mechanism of action, vortioxetine shares some common effects with other antidepressants. This study is the first to show that, in addition to clinical improvement, 4 weeks of treatment with vortioxetine (5-15 mg daily), decreased platelet 5-HT and increased plasma BDNF concentrations in depressed patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Sagud
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Clinical Hospital Centre Zagreb, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Matea Nikolac Perkovic
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Division of Molecular Medicine, Bijenicka cesta 54, 10 000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Bjanka Vuksan-Cusa
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Clinical Hospital Centre Zagreb, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.,Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | | | - Dubravka Svob Strac
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Division of Molecular Medicine, Bijenicka cesta 54, 10 000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Alma Mihaljevic Peles
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Clinical Hospital Centre Zagreb, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Zorana Kusevic
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Clinical Hospital Centre Zagreb, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nela Pivac
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Division of Molecular Medicine, Bijenicka cesta 54, 10 000, Zagreb, Croatia.
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13
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Giurgiuca A, Schipor S, Caragheorgheopol A, Crasan A, Postolache E, Tudose C, Prelipceanu D, Cozman D. PLATELET SEROTONIN AS BIOMARKER FOR ASSESSING SUICIDAL BEHAVIOUR IN PATIENTS WITH BIPOLAR I DISORDER. ACTA ENDOCRINOLOGICA-BUCHAREST 2016; 12:275-281. [PMID: 31149101 DOI: 10.4183/aeb.2016.275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Context Suicide is a global public health issue. Bipolar disorder (BPD) has the highest suicide risk among individuals suffering from mental disorders. Serotoninergic dysfunctions have been linked to suicidal behaviour and platelet serotonin is recognised as a reliable index for the presynaptic serotonin activity. Objective Our aim was to assess whether alterations occur in platelet serotonin concentrations in BPD type I in respect to suicide attempters compared with non-attempters. Design This was a cross-sectional, observational study. Subjects and Methods Plasma platelet serotonin concentrations were measured using ELISA technique in 71 BPD I patients. The participants were assigned into 3 groups (non-attempters, low lethality and high lethality suicide attempters), according to the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale. Socio-demographical and clinical data was obtained by using MINI 6.0 and a semi-structured questionnaire designed specifically for this research. Results Our study showed significant lower levels of platelet serotonin in suicide attempters compared with non-attempters (p = 0.030) and in high-lethality attempters compared with low-lethality attempters (p = 0.015). The study recorded a higher number of total lifetime and lifetime depressive episodes for suicide attempters with BPD I. Conclusions Our results subscribe to the importance of platelet serotonin as a reliable biomarker in suicide risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Giurgiuca
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Psychiatry Department, Bucharest, Romania
| | - S Schipor
- "C. I. Parhon" National Institute of Endocrinology, Research Department, Bucharest, Romania
| | - A Caragheorgheopol
- "C. I. Parhon" National Institute of Endocrinology, Research Department, Bucharest, Romania
| | - A Crasan
- "Prof. Dr. Al. Obregia" Clinical Psychiatric Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - E Postolache
- "Prof. Dr. Al. Obregia" Clinical Psychiatric Hospital, Microbiology and Laboratory Medicine Department, Bucharest, Romania
| | - C Tudose
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Psychiatry Department, Bucharest, Romania
| | - D Prelipceanu
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Psychiatry Department, Bucharest, Romania
| | - D Cozman
- "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Clinical Psychology Department, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Kang HJ, Yoon S, Lyoo IK. Peripheral Biomarker Candidates of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. Exp Neurobiol 2015; 24:186-96. [PMID: 26412967 PMCID: PMC4580745 DOI: 10.5607/en.2015.24.3.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
There is high variability in the manifestation of physical and mental health problems following exposure to trauma and disaster. Although most people may show a range of acute symptoms in the aftermath of traumatic events, chronic and persistent mental disorders may not be developed in all individuals who were exposed to traumatic events. The most common long-term pathological consequence after trauma exposure is posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, comorbid conditions including depression, anxiety disorder, substance use-related problems, and a variety of other symptoms may frequently be observed in individuals with trauma exposure. Post-traumatic syndrome (PTS) is defined collectively as vast psychosocial problems that could be experienced in response to traumatic events. It is important to predict who will continue to suffer from physical and mental health problems and who will recover following trauma exposure. However, given the heterogeneity and variability in symptom manifestations, it is difficult to find identify biomarkers which predict the development of PTSD. In this review, we will summarize the results of recent studies with regard to putative biomarkers of PTSD and suggest future research directions for biomarker discovery for PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Jin Kang
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Sujung Yoon
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - In Kyoon Lyoo
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea. ; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea. ; College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
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Picouto MD, Villar F, Braquehais MD. The role of serotonin in adolescent suicide: theoretical, methodological, and clinical concerns. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2015; 27:129-133. [PMID: 25411983 DOI: 10.1515/ijamh-2015-5003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adolescent suicide is a complex phenomenon that has similarities and differences with adult suicidal behavior. Serotonergic (5-HT) dysfunction has extensively been studied in adults and has been postulated as a biological marker for suicide. METHODS We conducted a comprehensive review of the studies available in MEDLINE from January 1998 until January 2014 on the role of "serotonin" both in adults' and adolescents' "completed suicide", "suicide attempts", and "suicidal ideation". RESULTS Studies on 5-HT conducted in adults and replicated in adolescents have yielded inconsistent results. Although some genes related to the serotonergic system have been associated with an increased risk of suicide, attempts to reproduce those findings have been unsuccessful and a common genetic variant associated to suicidal behavior has yet to be identified. DISCUSSION Studies on the neurobiology of adolescent suicide should consider the biological specificities of this life stage and of gender differences during this period. Future research designs should also try to integrate findings in the psychological and biological domains. Prospective studies may help understand the process that leads from suicidal ideation to suicide attempts or completed suicides in this population.
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James LM, Belitskaya-Lévy I, Lu Y, Wang H, Engdahl BE, Leuthold AC, Georgopoulos AP. Development and application of a diagnostic algorithm for posttraumatic stress disorder. Psychiatry Res 2015; 231:1-7. [PMID: 25433425 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2014.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Revised: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Intact cognitive functions rely on synchronous neural activity; conversely, alterations in synchrony are thought to underlie psychopathology. We recently demonstrated that anomalies in synchronous neural interactions (SNI) determined by magnetoencephalography represent a putative PTSD biomarker. Here we develop and apply a regression-based diagnostic algorithm to further validate SNI as a PTSD biomarker in 432 veterans (235 controls; 138 pure PTSD; 59 PTSD plus comorbid disorders). Correlation coefficients served as proximities in multidimensional scaling (MDS) to obtain a two-dimensional representation of the data. In addition, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was used to derive a diagnostic algorithm for PTSD. Performance of this algorithm was assessed by the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, sensitivity, and specificity in 1000 randomly divided testing and validation datasets and in independent samples. MDS revealed that individuals with PTSD, regardless of comorbid psychiatric conditions, are highly distinct from controls. Similarly, application of the LASSO regression-derived prediction model demonstrated remarkable classification accuracy (AUCs≥0.93 for men, AUC=0.82 for women). Neural functioning in individuals with PTSD, regardless of comorbid psychiatric diagnoses, can be used as a diagnostic test to determine patient disease status, further validating SNI as a PTSD biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M James
- Brain Sciences Center, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Center for Cognitive Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Ilana Belitskaya-Lévy
- VA Cooperative Studies Program Palo Alto Coordinating Center, Mountain View, CA, USA; Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ying Lu
- VA Cooperative Studies Program Palo Alto Coordinating Center, Mountain View, CA, USA; Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Hui Wang
- VA Cooperative Studies Program Palo Alto Coordinating Center, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - Brian E Engdahl
- Brain Sciences Center, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Center for Cognitive Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Arthur C Leuthold
- Brain Sciences Center, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Apostolos P Georgopoulos
- Brain Sciences Center, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Center for Cognitive Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Monoamine-sensitive developmental periods impacting adult emotional and cognitive behaviors. Neuropsychopharmacology 2015; 40:88-112. [PMID: 25178408 PMCID: PMC4262911 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2014.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Revised: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Development passes through sensitive periods, during which plasticity allows for genetic and environmental factors to exert indelible influence on the maturation of the organism. In the context of central nervous system development, such sensitive periods shape the formation of neurocircuits that mediate, regulate, and control behavior. This general mechanism allows for development to be guided by both the genetic blueprint as well as the environmental context. While allowing for adaptation, such sensitive periods are also vulnerability windows during which external and internal factors can confer risk to disorders by derailing otherwise resilient developmental programs. Here we review developmental periods that are sensitive to monoamine signaling and impact adult behaviors of relevance to psychiatry. Specifically, we review (1) a serotonin-sensitive period that impacts sensory system development, (2) a serotonin-sensitive period that impacts cognition, anxiety- and depression-related behaviors, and (3) a dopamine- and serotonin-sensitive period affecting aggression, impulsivity and behavioral response to psychostimulants. We discuss preclinical data to provide mechanistic insight, as well as epidemiological and clinical data to point out translational relevance. The field of translational developmental neuroscience has progressed exponentially providing solid conceptual advances and unprecedented mechanistic insight. With such knowledge at hand and important methodological innovation ongoing, the field is poised for breakthroughs elucidating the developmental origins of neuropsychiatric disorders, and thus understanding pathophysiology. Such knowledge of sensitive periods that determine the developmental trajectory of complex behaviors is a necessary step towards improving prevention and treatment approaches for neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Wachowicz B. Blood Platelet as a Peripheral Cell in Oxidative Stress in Psychiatric Disorders. OXIDATIVE STRESS IN APPLIED BASIC RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-0440-2_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Developing zebrafish models relevant to PTSD and other trauma- and stressor-related disorders. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2014; 55:67-79. [PMID: 25138994 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2014.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Revised: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
While post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other trauma- and stress-related disorders (TSRDs) represent a serious societal and public health concern, their pathogenesis is largely unknown. Given the clinical complexity of TSRD development and susceptibility, greater investigation into candidate biomarkers and specific genetic pathways implicated in both risk and resilience to trauma becomes critical. In line with this, numerous animal models have been extensively used to better understand the pathogenic mechanisms of PTSD and related TSRD. Here, we discuss the rapidly increasing potential of zebrafish as models of these disorders, and how their use may aid researchers in uncovering novel treatments and therapies in this field.
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20
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Patel S. Role of proteomics in biomarker discovery and psychiatric disorders: current status, potentials, limitations and future challenges. Expert Rev Proteomics 2014; 9:249-65. [DOI: 10.1586/epr.12.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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21
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Lee JH, Jung HI. Biochip technology for monitoring posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). BIOCHIP JOURNAL 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s13206-013-7301-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is frequently associated with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. Suicide is an important cause of death in veterans, and the risk for intentional death continues to be high many years after service. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether there is a relationship between PTSD and suicidal behavior among veterans. We also discussed the risk factors of suicide among war veterans with PTSD. A systematic review was conducted focusing on war-related PTSD and suicidal behavior. A total of 80 articles from peer-reviewed journals were identified, 34 were assessed for eligibility, and 16 were included. Having a history of PTSD is associated with higher rates of morbidity and mortality and increased the risk for suicidal behavior. The association between PTSD and suicidal behavior was confirmed by the presence of other risk factors and high rates of comorbidity. Current suicidal behavior should be adequately assessed in war veterans.
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Valiyaveettil M, Alamneh Y, Wang Y, Arun P, Oguntayo S, Wei Y, Long JB, Nambiar MP. Contribution of systemic factors in the pathophysiology of repeated blast-induced neurotrauma. Neurosci Lett 2013; 539:1-6. [PMID: 23370286 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2013.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2012] [Revised: 01/05/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Blast-induced traumatic brain injury is complex and involves multiple factors including systemic pathophysiological factors in addition to direct brain injuries. We hypothesize that systemic activation of platelets/leukocytes plays a major role in the development and exacerbation of brain injury after blast exposure. A mouse model of repeated blast exposure that results in significant neuropathology, neurobehavioral changes and regional specific alterations in various biomolecules in the brain was used for the proposed study. Activation of platelets was evaluated by flow cytometry and serotonin content was analyzed by ELISA. Expression of myeloperoxidase was analyzed by Western blotting. Histopathology of the brain was used to assess blast-induced cerebral vasoconstriction. The data showed an increase in the activation of platelets at 4h after repeated blast exposures, indicating changes in platelet phenotype in blast neurotrauma. Platelet serotonin concentration showed a significant decrease at 4h after blast with a concurrent increase in the plasma serotonin levels, confirming the early onset of platelet activation after repeated blast exposures. Blood, plasma and brain myeloperoxidase enzyme activity and expression was increased in repeated blast exposed mice at multiple time points. Histopathological analysis of the brains of blast exposed mice showed constriction of blood vessels compared to the respective controls, a phenomenon similar to the reported cerebral vasoconstriction in blast affected victims. These results suggest that repeated blast exposure leads to acute activation of platelets/leukocytes which can augment the pathological effects of brain injury. Platelet/leukocyte targeted therapies can be evaluated as potential acute treatment strategies to mitigate blast-induced neurotrauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manojkumar Valiyaveettil
- Blast-Induced Neurotrauma Branch, Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA.
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Koudouovoh-Tripp P, Sperner-Unterweger B. Influence of mental stress on platelet bioactivity. World J Psychiatry 2012; 2:134-47. [PMID: 24175179 PMCID: PMC3782187 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v2.i6.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2011] [Revised: 10/10/2012] [Accepted: 10/23/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well established that various mental stress conditions contribute, or at least influence, underlying pathophysiological mechanisms in somatic, as well as in psychiatric disorders; blood platelets are supposed to represent a possible link in this respect. The anculeated platelets are the smallest corpuscular elements circulating in the human blood. They display different serotonergic markers which seem to reflect the central nervous serotonin metabolism. They are known as main effectors in haematological processes but recent research highlights their role in the innate and adaptive immune system. Platelets are containing a multitude of pro-inflammatory and immune-modulatory bioactive compounds in their granules and are expressing immune-competent surface markers. Research gives hint that platelets activation and reactivity is increased by mental stress. This leads to enhanced cross talk with the immune system via paracrine secretion, receptor interaction and formation of platelet leucocyte-aggregates. Recently it has been demonstrated that the immune system can have a remarkable impact in the development of psychiatric disorders. Therefore platelets represent an interesting research area in psychiatry and their role as a possible biomarker has been investigated. We review the influence of mental stress on what is termed platelet bioactivity in this article, which subsumes the mainly immune-modulatory activity of platelets in healthy volunteers, elderly persons with chronic care-giving strain, patients with cardiovascular diseases who are prone to psychosocial stress, as well as in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder. Research data suggest that stress enhances platelet activity, reactivity and immune-modulatory capacities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Koudouovoh-Tripp
- Pia Koudouovoh-Tripp, Clinic for Biological Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Silva ACM, Paiva SR, Albuquerque MSM, Egito AA, Santos SA, Lima FC, Castro ST, Mariante AS, Correa PS, McManus CM. Genetic variability in local Brazilian horse lines using microsatellite markers. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2012; 11:881-90. [PMID: 22576916 DOI: 10.4238/2012.april.10.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Genetic variability at 11 microsatellite markers was analyzed in five naturalized/local Brazilian horse breeds or genetic groups. Blood samples were collected from 328 animals of the breeds Campeira (Santa Catarina State), Lavradeira (Roraima State), Pantaneira (Pantanal Mato-Grossense), Mangalarga Marchador (Minas Gerais State), as well as the genetic group Baixadeiro (Maranhão State), and the exotic breeds English Thoroughbred and Arab. We found significant genetic variability within evaluated microsatellite loci, with observed heterozygosis varying between 0.426 and 0.768 and polymorphism information content values of 0.751 to 0.914. All breeds showed high inbreeding coefficients and were not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The smallest genetic distance was seen between the Pantaneira and Arab breeds. The principal component analyzes and Bayesian approach demonstrated that the exotic breeds have had a significant influence on the genetic formation of the local breeds, with introgression of English Throroughbred in Pantaneira and Lavradeira, as well as genetic proximity between the Arab, Pantaneira and Mangalarga Marchador populations. This study shows the need to conserve traits acquired by naturalized horse breeds over centuries of natural selection in Brazil due to the genetic uniqueness of each group, suggesting a reduced gene flow between them. These results reinforce the need to include these herds in animal genetic resource conservation programs to maximize the genetic variability and conserve useful allele combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C M Silva
- Laboratório de Genética Animal, Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, DF, Brasil
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Zhang L, Ursano RJ, Li H. P11: a potential biomarker for posttraumatic stress disorder. Methods Mol Biol 2012; 829:453-68. [PMID: 22231832 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-61779-458-2_29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a chronic and disabling anxiety disorder that occurs after a traumatic event. It is associated with an increased risk of suicide and marked deficits in social and occupational functioning. Currently, the diagnosis for PTSD is established on the basis of a patient's clinical history, mental status examination, duration of symptoms, and clinician administered symptom checklist or patient self-report. However, there are no available laboratory biomarker tests for PTSD. To begin intervention at the earliest possible time, priority must be given to developing objective approaches to determine the presence of PTSD. Thus, using cutting-edge technology and skill to develop a simple blood test or a biomarker to detect PTSD at its earliest and most treatable stage would benefit both physician and patient. Several technologies and skills have been used in the identification biomarker research. We discuss three major methods in this chapter (blood RNA and DNA purification, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and Western blot), which have been used in our study to determine whether p11 is a potential biomarker for PTSD. Using these procedures will not only enhance the study of the molecular mechanisms of PTSD but also help the translation of basic science to a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for the Study of Traumatic Stress, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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27
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Nenadic-Sviglin K, Nedic G, Nikolac M, Kozaric-Kovacic D, Stipcevic T, Muck Seler D, Pivac N. Suicide attempt, smoking, comorbid depression, and platelet serotonin in alcohol dependence. Alcohol 2011; 45:209-16. [PMID: 21167673 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2010.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2009] [Revised: 09/10/2010] [Accepted: 11/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The risk of suicide in patients with alcoholism increases if alcoholism is related to comorbid depression. Both alcoholism and suicidal behavior are associated with reduced serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine [5-HT]) function. Because suicide is enormous public health problem worldwide, to prevent suicide attempts, it is important to find peripheral marker of suicidal behavior. The aim of this study was to assess whether platelet 5-HT concentration is altered in alcoholic patients with or without suicide attempt. Platelet 5-HT concentration was evaluated in 397 male and 108 female ethnically homogenous medication-free patients with alcoholism, subdivided according to smoking status, comorbid depression, and a history of suicide attempt and in 450 male and 139 female healthy control (nonsuicidal) subjects. Suicide attempt was assessed by two measures: according to the score 4 on the item 3 from the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression and according to the Structured Clinical Interview regarding suicidal attempt during lifetime. Both male and female patients with alcoholism who were nonsmokers had significantly lower platelet 5-HT concentration than the corresponding healthy subjects. Multifactor analyses of variance revealed the significant effects of alcoholism and smoking, but the lack of significant effects of suicide attempt, sex, or comorbid depression, and no interactions between variables, on platelet 5-HT concentration. Platelet 5-HT concentration did not differ significantly between suicidal patients compared with nonsuicidal patients with alcoholism. Because the results from the present study showed similar platelet 5-HT values between patients with or without a history of suicide attempt, our data did not support the hypothesis that platelet 5-HT concentration might be used as a peripheral marker of the pronounced suicidal behavior in alcoholism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Korona Nenadic-Sviglin
- Center for Alcoholism and other Addictions, Psychiatric Hospital Vrapce, Zagreb, Croatia
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Blake C, Fabick KM, Setchell KDR, Lund TD, Lephart ED. Neuromodulation by soy diets or equol: anti-depressive & anti-obesity-like influences, age- & hormone-dependent effects. BMC Neurosci 2011; 12:28. [PMID: 21410981 PMCID: PMC3068123 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2202-12-28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2010] [Accepted: 03/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soy-derived isoflavones potentially protect against obesity and depression. In five different studies we examined the influence of soy-containing diets or equol injections on depression, serotonin levels, body weight gain (BW) and white adipose tissue (WAT) deposition in female Long-Evans rats at various stages of life [rats were intact, ovariectomized or experienced natural ovarian failure (NOF)]. RESULTS In general, animals fed a soy-rich diet (Phyto-600) and/or administered equol (@ 5 mg/kg/day) displayed significant decreases in BW and WAT compared to a low-soy diet. When equol was injected alone (5 mg/kg/day), experiments 1, 4, and 5 demonstrated that body weight was significantly decreased. Equol has body weight control effects in females that are dependent on ovarian status and/or age of diet initiation. Experiments 1-4 all displayed no significant differences in depressive-related behavior as measured by the Prosolt forced swim test (PFST) when soy-rich (Phyto-600) or low-soy diets (Phyto-low) or equol treatments (5 mg/kg/day) were tested in female rats at various ages or hormonal status. Results of all the experiments are not presented here due to space limitations, but data from experiment 5 are presented. From conception female rats were exposed to either: a) a soy-rich (Phyto-600) or b) low-soy diet (Phyto-low). After 290 days all rats experienced NOF. At 330 days-old the animals were examined in the Porsolt forced swim test (PFST). One month later a second PFST was performed [after Phyto-low fed animals were injected with equol (5 mg/kg/day) for one week prior to the second PFST]. At the first PFST, serotonin and mobility levels were significantly decreased in the Phyto-low fed animals compared to animals that consumed the Phyto-600 diet. After equol injections at the second PFST, mobility and serotonin levels significantly increased in aged NOF rats fed the Phyto-low diet (to levels comparable to Phyto-600 fed animals). CONCLUSIONS Consumption of dietary isoflavones or equol exposure in rats has body weight controlling effects and equol specifically may have antidepressant potential dependent upon diet initiation and/or dosage of treatments. The current study demonstrates that equol is able to decrease body weight, abdominal WAT, and depressive-related behavior. While other factors and mechanisms may play a role, in part, the present results provide a greater understanding of how isoflavonoid molecules modulate the brain's influence on behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crystal Blake
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology and The Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602 USA
| | - Kimberly M Fabick
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology and The Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602 USA
| | - Kenneth DR Setchell
- Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229 USA
| | - Trent D Lund
- Stoelting Co., 620 Wheat Lane, Wood Dale, Illinois, 60191 USA
| | - Edwin D Lephart
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology and The Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602 USA
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Braquehais MD, Oquendo MA, Baca-García E, Sher L. Is impulsivity a link between childhood abuse and suicide? Compr Psychiatry 2010; 51:121-9. [PMID: 20152291 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2009.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2009] [Revised: 04/27/2009] [Accepted: 05/19/2009] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Childhood abuse and neglect are known to affect psychological states through behavioral, emotional, and cognitive pathways. They increase the risk of having psychiatric diseases in adulthood and have been considered risk factors for suicidal behavior in all diagnostic categories. Early, prolonged, and severe trauma is also known to increase impulsivity, diminishing the capacity of the brain to inhibit negative actions and to control and modulate emotions. Many neurobiological studies hold that childhood maltreatment may lead to a persistent failure of the inhibitory processes ruled mainly by the frontal cortex over a fear-motivated hyperresponsive limbic system. Multiple neurotransmitters and hormones are involved in the stress response, but, to our knowledge, the two major biological consequences of the chronic exposure to trauma are the hypofunction of the serotonergic system and changes in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function. Some of these findings overlap with the neurobiological features of impulsivity and of suicidal behavior. Impulsivity has also been said to be both a consequence of trauma and a risk factor for the development of a pathological response to trauma. Thus, we suggest that impulsivity could be one of the links between childhood trauma and suicidal behavior. Prevention of childhood abuse could significantly reduce suicidal behavior in adolescents and adults, in part, through a decrease in the frequency of impulsive behaviors in the future.
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Blood concentrations of serotonin, cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone in aggressive dogs. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.applanim.2010.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Platelet serotonin (5-HT) levels in interferon-treated patients with hepatitis C and its possible association with interferon-induced depression. J Hepatol 2010; 52:10-5. [PMID: 19897271 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2009.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2009] [Revised: 07/09/2009] [Accepted: 08/03/2009] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Interferon-associated depression is a frequent side effect of antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis C. The aim of the present study was to investigate the correlation between platelet serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) concentrations and IFN-induced depression. METHODS The study represents a secondary analysis of a previously published trial on the efficacy of SSRI medication in HCV patients on IFN therapy. Ninety-three patients were longitudinally assessed for depression and platelet serotonin. Evaluation time points were: prior to IFN therapy, at weeks 4, 12, and 24 of IFN treatment, and 4 weeks after antiviral treatment. Depression was assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Platelet serotonin concentrations were measured by ELISA. RESULTS Platelet serotonin concentrations were significantly decreased during interferon therapy (p=0.001) in 74 of the 93 patients (79.6%). Clinically relevant depression occurred in 33.3% of patients - however, IFN-induced depression was not significantly linked to either baseline 5-HT concentrations or kinetics. In the subgroup of patients with IFN-induced depression who received the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) citalopram (20 mg daily, n=17), serotonin levels declined further during anti-depressant medication, becoming statistically significant within the first 2 weeks (p<0.001) of SSRI treatment. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate a significant impact of IFN and SSRI intake on platelet serotonin levels, suggesting a biochemical analogy between 5-HT metabolism in blood platelets and the CNS. Platelet 5-HT levels might serve as a surrogate marker for patient adherence to antiviral and anti-depressant medication. For the prediction of IFN-induced depression, however, platelet 5-HT measurements are not suitable.
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Slater S, Villalba MM, Davis J. Key neurochemical markers for the prevention of suicide. Trends Analyt Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2009.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Zhang L, Li H, Benedek D, Li X, Ursano R. A strategy for the development of biomarker tests for PTSD. Med Hypotheses 2009; 73:404-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2009.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2009] [Revised: 02/09/2009] [Accepted: 02/12/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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