1
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Faillace MP, Ortiz J, Rocco L, Bernabeu R. Histone Methyltransferase G9a Plays an Essential Role on Nicotine Preference in Zebrafish. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:6245-6263. [PMID: 38289455 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-03961-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
Psychostimulants regulate behavioral responses in zebrafish via epigenetic mechanisms. We have previously shown that DNA methylation and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition abolish nicotine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) but little is known about the role of histone methylation in addictive-like behaviors. To assess the influence of histone methylation on nicotine-CPP, zebrafish were treated with a histone (H3) lysine-9 (K9) dimethyltransferase G9a/GLP inhibitor, BIX-01294 (BIX), which was administered before conditioning sessions. We observed a dual effect of the inhibitor BIX: at high doses inhibited while at low doses potentiated nicotine reward. Transcriptional expression of α6 and α7 subunits of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and of G9a, DNA methyl transferase-3, and HDAC-1 was upregulated in zebrafish with positive scores for nicotine-CPP. Changes in relative levels of these mRNA molecules reflected the effects of BIX on nicotine reward. BIX treatment per sé did not affect transcriptional levels of epigenetic enzymes that regulate trimethylation or demethylation of H3. BIX reduced H3K9me2 protein levels in a dose-dependent manner in key structures of the reward pathway. Thus, our findings indicated that different doses of BIX differentially affect nicotine CPP via strong or weak inhibition of G9a/GLP activity. Additionally, we found that the lysine demethylase inhibitor daminozide abolished nicotine-CPP and drug seeking. Our data demonstrate that H3 methylation catalyzed by G9a/GLP is involved in nicotine-CPP induction. Dimethylation of K9 at H3 is an important epigenetic modification that should be considered as a potential therapeutic target to treat nicotine reward and perhaps other drug addictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Paula Faillace
- Department of Physiology and Institute of Physiology and Biophysics (IFIBIO-Houssay, UBA-CONICET), School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Paraguay 2155 7th floor (C1121ABG), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Joaquin Ortiz
- Department of Physiology and Institute of Physiology and Biophysics (IFIBIO-Houssay, UBA-CONICET), School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Paraguay 2155 7th floor (C1121ABG), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Leandro Rocco
- Department of Physiology and Institute of Physiology and Biophysics (IFIBIO-Houssay, UBA-CONICET), School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Paraguay 2155 7th floor (C1121ABG), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ramon Bernabeu
- Department of Physiology and Institute of Physiology and Biophysics (IFIBIO-Houssay, UBA-CONICET), School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Paraguay 2155 7th floor (C1121ABG), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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2
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Lucon-Xiccato T. Inhibitory control in teleost fish: a methodological and conceptual review. Anim Cogn 2024; 27:27. [PMID: 38530456 DOI: 10.1007/s10071-024-01867-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Inhibitory control (IC) plays a central role in behaviour control allowing an individual to resist external lures and internal predispositions. While IC has been consistently investigated in humans, other mammals, and birds, research has only recently begun to explore IC in other vertebrates. This review examines current literature on teleost fish, focusing on both methodological and conceptual aspects. I describe the main paradigms adopted to study IC in fish, identifying well-established tasks that fit various research applications and highlighting their advantages and limitations. In the conceptual analysis, I identify two well-developed lines of research with fish examining IC. The first line focuses on a comparative approach aimed to describe IC at the level of species and to understand the evolution of interspecific differences in relation to ecological specialisation, brain size, and factors affecting cognitive performance. Findings suggest several similarities between fish and previously studied vertebrates. The second line of research focuses on intraspecific variability of IC. Available results indicate substantial variation in fish IC related to sex, personality, genetic, age, and phenotypic plasticity, aligning with what is observed with other vertebrates. Overall, this review suggests that although data on teleosts are still scarce compared to mammals, the contribution of this group to IC research is already substantial and can further increase in various disciplines including comparative psychology, cognitive ecology, and neurosciences, and even in applied fields such as psychiatry research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyrone Lucon-Xiccato
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
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3
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Muenstermann C, Clemens KJ. Epigenetic mechanisms of nicotine dependence. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 156:105505. [PMID: 38070842 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Smoking continues to be a leading cause of preventable disease and death worldwide. Nicotine dependence generates a lifelong propensity towards cravings and relapse, presenting an ongoing challenge for the development of treatments. Accumulating evidence supports a role for epigenetics in the development and maintenance of addiction to many drugs of abuse, however, the involvement of epigenetics in nicotine dependence is less clear. Here we review evidence that nicotine interacts with epigenetic mechanisms to enable the maintenance of nicotine-seeking across time. Research across species suggests that nicotine increases permissive histone acetylation, decreases repressive histone methylation, and modulates levels of DNA methylation and noncoding RNA expression throughout the brain. These changes are linked to the promoter regions of genes critical for learning and memory, reward processing and addiction. Pharmacological manipulation of enzymes that catalyze core epigenetic modifications regulate nicotine reward and associative learning, demonstrating a functional role of epigenetic modifications in nicotine dependence. These findings are consistent with nicotine promoting an overall permissive chromatin state at genes important for learning, memory and reward. By exploring these links through next-generation sequencing technologies, epigenetics provides a promising avenue for future interventions to treat nicotine dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kelly J Clemens
- School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
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4
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Rocco L, Pisera-Fuster A, Faillace MP, Bernabeu R. Evaluation of drug seeking behavior on nicotine conditioned place preference in zebrafish. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2022; 119:110593. [PMID: 35777525 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2022.110593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Seeking of drugs is commonly evaluated in a specific environment for assessing drug preference. However, cognitive strategies involved in drug seeking are mostly unknown. To assess the strength of environmental cues that can be associated with nicotine in the zebrafish brain reward circuitry, we have designed herein a modified conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm. This task was devised to identify salient environmental cues relevant for strong nicotine-environment association and drug seeking induction. During test sessions, background colors of the CPP tank chambers were shifted and preference for colors associated to nicotine was assessed. We have compared several tank designs and different compartment colors. Our findings indicated that zebrafish seeking behavior was strongly dependent on compartment color shades. Combination of red and yellow environments, which were preferred and avoided compartments, respectively, was the most effective design presenting the highest CPP-score. Interestingly, animals that stayed for longer periods in the environment conditioned to nicotine during a first testing interval were also able to follow the background color shade conditioned to nicotine to the other compartment immediately after background colors were relocated between compartments. During a second testing period, zebrafish also stayed for longer periods in the colored compartment paired to nicotine during conditioning. These findings suggest that under salient environmental conditions, zebrafish voluntarily followed a shifting visual cue previously associated with nicotine delivery. Furthermore, our findings indicate that zebrafish exhibit spatial associative learning and memory, which generates a repertoire of conspicuous locomotor behaviors induced by nicotine preference in the CPP task.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Rocco
- Department of Physiology and Institute of Physiology and Biophysics (IFIBIO-Houssay, UBA-CONICET), School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A Pisera-Fuster
- Department of Physiology and Institute of Physiology and Biophysics (IFIBIO-Houssay, UBA-CONICET), School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M P Faillace
- Department of Physiology and Institute of Physiology and Biophysics (IFIBIO-Houssay, UBA-CONICET), School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - R Bernabeu
- Department of Physiology and Institute of Physiology and Biophysics (IFIBIO-Houssay, UBA-CONICET), School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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5
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Cerveny D, Cisar P, Brodin T, McCallum ES, Fick J. Environmentally relevant concentration of caffeine-effect on activity and circadian rhythm in wild perch. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:54264-54272. [PMID: 35298799 PMCID: PMC9356920 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19583-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We studied the ecological consequences of widespread caffeine contamination by conducting an experiment focused on changes in the behavioral traits of wild perch (Perca fluviatilis) after waterborne exposure to 10 μg L-1 of caffeine. We monitored fish swimming performance during both light and dark conditions to study the effect of caffeine on fish activity and circadian rhythm, using a novel three-dimensional tracking system that enabled positioning even in complete darkness. All individuals underwent three behavioral trials-before exposure, after 24 h of exposure, and after 5 days of exposure. We did not observe any effect of the given caffeine concentration on fish activity under light or dark conditions. Regardless of caffeine exposure, fish swimming performance was significantly affected by both the light-dark conditions and repeating of behavioral trials. Individuals in both treatments swam significantly more during the light condition and their activity increased with time as follows: before exposure < after 24 h of exposure < after 5 days of exposure. We confirmed that the three-dimensional automated tracking system based on infrared sensors was highly effective for conducting behavioral experiments under completely dark conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Cerveny
- Department of Wildlife, Fish and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-90183, Umeå, Sweden.
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic.
| | - Petr Cisar
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Brodin
- Department of Wildlife, Fish and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-90183, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Erin S McCallum
- Department of Wildlife, Fish and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-90183, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jerker Fick
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-90187, Umeå, Sweden
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6
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Bellot MS, Guermandi II, Camargo-dos-Santos B, Giaquinto PC. Differences in the Alcohol Preference Assessment of Shy and Bold Zebrafish. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:810051. [PMID: 35283741 PMCID: PMC8907912 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.810051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals differ in their preference for alcohol and propensity to develop alcoholism, where the behavioral profile, such as the bold-shy axis, plays an important role for such a difference. However, literature is limited and conflicting on the causes and consequences of this relationship. Translational studies using animal models, such as zebrafish, can help identify behavioral traits that predispose individuals to drink alcohol compulsively. Here, the preference for alcohol was investigated in two distinct traits in zebrafish: shy and bold. For this purpose, fish were separated into shy and bold traits and then a conditioned place preference paradigm was used, a strategy that allows the rewarding effects from alcohol to be assessed by the ability to enhance the animal’s preference for an environment that initially was not preferred. It was found that bold zebrafish actively searched for the environment that was paired to alcohol after one acute exposure, whereas, shy fish changed their place preference even without alcohol administration, showing that the conditioned place preference protocol, given the short amount time to assess place preference, is not ample enough for shy fish to choose. Our results show that behavioral profiles must be considered in further studies since differences between shy and bold individuals on preference behavior can strongly interfere in the assessment of drug preference, mainly when using the conditioned place preference paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Sanson Bellot
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
- Aquaculture Center of Unesp, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isabela Inforzato Guermandi
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno Camargo-dos-Santos
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
- Aquaculture Center of Unesp, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Percília Cardoso Giaquinto
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
- Aquaculture Center of Unesp, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Percília Cardoso Giaquinto,
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7
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Faillace MP, Bernabeu RO. Epigenetic Mechanisms Mediate Nicotine-Induced Reward and Behaviour in Zebrafish. Curr Neuropharmacol 2021; 20:510-523. [PMID: 34279203 PMCID: PMC9608226 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x19666210716112351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotine induces long-term changes in the neural activity of the mesocorticolimbic reward pathway structures. The mechanisms involved in this process have not been fully characterized. The hypothesis discussed here proposed that epigenetic regulation participates in the installation of persistent adaptations and long-lasting synaptic plasticity generated by nicotine action on the mesolimbic dopamine neurons of zebrafish. The epigenetic mechanisms induced by nicotine entail histone and DNA chemical modifications, which have been described to lead to changes in gene expression. Among the enzymes that catalyze epigenetic chemical modifications, histone deacetylases (HDACs) remove acetyl groups from histones, thereby facilitating DNA relaxation and making DNA more accessible to gene transcription. DNA methylation, which is dependent on DNA methyltransferase (DNMTs) activity, inhibits gene expression by recruiting several methyl binding proteins that prevent RNA polymerase binding to DNA. In zebrafish, phenylbutyrate (PhB), an HDAC inhibitor, abolishes nicotine rewarding properties together with a series of typical reward-associated behaviors. Furthermore, PhB and nicotine alter long- and short-term object recognition memory in zebrafish, respectively. Regarding DNA methylation effects, a methyl group donor L-methionine (L-met) was found to dramatically reduce nicotine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) in zebrafish. Simultaneous treatment with DNMT inhibitor 5-aza-2’-deoxycytidine (AZA) was found to reverse the L-met effect on nicotine-induced CPP as well as nicotine reward-specific effects on genetic expression in zebrafish. Therefore, pharmacological interventions that modulate epigenetic regulation of gene expression should be considered as a potential therapeutic method to treat nicotine addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Paula Faillace
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina e Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Profesor Bernardo Houssay (IFIBIO-Houssay, CONICET-UBA), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ramón O Bernabeu
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina e Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Profesor Bernardo Houssay (IFIBIO-Houssay, CONICET-UBA), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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8
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Benvenutti R, Marcon M, Gallas-Lopes M, de Mello AJ, Herrmann AP, Piato A. Swimming in the maze: An overview of maze apparatuses and protocols to assess zebrafish behavior. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 127:761-778. [PMID: 34087275 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Most preclinical behavioral assays use rodents as model animals, leaving room for species-specific biases that could be avoided by an expanded cross-species approach. In this context, zebrafish emerges as an alternative model organism to study neurobiological mechanisms of anxiety, preference, learning, and memory, as well as other phenotypes with relevance to neuropsychiatric disorders. In recent years, several zebrafish studies using different types of mazes have been published. However, the protocols and apparatuses' shapes and dimensions vary widely in the literature. This variation may puzzle researchers attempting to implement maze behavioral assays and challenges the reproducibility across institutions. This review aims to provide an overview of the behavioral paradigms assessed in different types of mazes in zebrafish reported in the last couple of decades. Also, this review aims to contribute to a better characterization of multi-behavioral assessment in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radharani Benvenutti
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Sarmento Leite, 500/305, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Sarmento Leite, 500/209, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Matheus Marcon
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Sarmento Leite, 500/305, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Sarmento Leite, 500/209, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Matheus Gallas-Lopes
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Sarmento Leite, 500/305, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Anna Julie de Mello
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Sarmento Leite, 500/305, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Herrmann
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Sarmento Leite, 500/305, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Sarmento Leite, 500/305, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Angelo Piato
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Sarmento Leite, 500/305, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Sarmento Leite, 500/209, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Sarmento Leite, 500/305, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil.
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9
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Bosse GD, Cadeddu R, Floris G, Farero RD, Vigato E, Lee SJ, Zhang T, Gaikwad NW, Keefe KA, Phillips PE, Bortolato M, Peterson RT. The 5α-reductase inhibitor finasteride reduces opioid self-administration in animal models of opioid use disorder. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:143990. [PMID: 33848264 DOI: 10.1172/jci143990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Opioid use disorder (OUD) has become a leading cause of death in the United States, yet current therapeutic strategies remain highly inadequate. To identify potential treatments for OUD, we screened a targeted selection of over 100 drugs using a recently developed opioid self-administration assay in zebrafish. This paradigm showed that finasteride, a steroidogenesis inhibitor approved for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia and androgenetic alopecia, reduced self-administration of multiple opioids without affecting locomotion or feeding behavior. These findings were confirmed in rats; furthermore, finasteride reduced the physical signs associated with opioid withdrawal. In rat models of neuropathic pain, finasteride did not alter the antinociceptive effect of opioids and reduced withdrawal-induced hyperalgesia. Steroidomic analyses of the brains of fish treated with finasteride revealed a significant increase in dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS). Treatment with precursors of DHEAS reduced opioid self-administration in zebrafish in a fashion akin to the effects of finasteride. These results highlight the importance of steroidogenic pathways as a rich source of therapeutic targets for OUD and point to the potential of finasteride as a new treatment option for this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel D Bosse
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Roberto Cadeddu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Gabriele Floris
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Ryan D Farero
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Eva Vigato
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Suhjung J Lee
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Tejia Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | | | - Kristen A Keefe
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Paul Em Phillips
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Marco Bortolato
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Randall T Peterson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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10
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Pisera-Fuster A, Zwiller J, Bernabeu R. Methionine Supplementation Abolishes Nicotine-Induced Place Preference in Zebrafish: a Behavioral and Molecular Analysis. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:2590-2607. [PMID: 33475949 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02260-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In zebrafish, nicotine is known to regulate sensitivity to psychostimulants via epigenetic mechanisms. Little however is known about the regulation of addictive-like behavior by DNA methylation processes. To evaluate the influence of DNA methylation on nicotine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP), zebrafish were exposed to methyl supplementation through oral L-methionine (Met) administration. Met was found to reduce dramatically nicotine-induced CPP as well as behaviors associated with drug reward. The reduction was associated with the upregulation of DNA methyltransferases (DNMT1 and 3) as well as with the downregulation of methyl-cytosine dioxygenase-1 (TET1) and of nicotinic receptor subunits. Met also increased the expression of histone methyltransferases in nicotine-induced CPP groups. It reversed the nicotine-induced reduction in the methylation at α7 and NMDAR1 gene promoters. Treatment with the DNMT inhibitor 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (AZA) was found to reverse the effects of Met in structures of the reward pathway. Interestingly, Met did not modify the amount of the phospho-form of CREB (pCREB), a key factor establishing nicotine conditioning, whereas AZA increased pCREB levels. Our data suggest that nicotine-seeking behavior is partially dependent on DNA methylation occurring probably at specific gene loci, such as α7 and NMDAR1 receptor gene promoters. Overall, they suggest that Met should be considered as a potential therapeutic drug to treat nicotine addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Pisera-Fuster
- Department of Physiology and Institute of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Paraguay 2155 7thfloor (C1121ABG), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jean Zwiller
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives et Adaptatives, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Ramon Bernabeu
- Department of Physiology and Institute of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Paraguay 2155 7thfloor (C1121ABG), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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11
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Miyawaki I. Application of zebrafish to safety evaluation in drug discovery. J Toxicol Pathol 2020; 33:197-210. [PMID: 33239838 PMCID: PMC7677624 DOI: 10.1293/tox.2020-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditionally, safety evaluation at the early stage of drug discovery research has been done using in silico, in vitro, and in vivo systems in this order because of limitations on the amount of compounds available and the throughput ability of the assay systems. While these in vitro assays are very effective tools for detecting particular tissue-specific toxicity phenotypes, it is difficult to detect toxicity based on complex mechanisms involving multiple organs and tissues. Therefore, the development of novel high throughput in vivo evaluation systems has been expected for a long time. The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a vertebrate with many attractive characteristics for use in drug discovery, such as a small size, transparency, gene and protein similarity with mammals (80% or more), and ease of genetic modification to establish human disease models. Actually, in recent years, the zebrafish has attracted interest as a novel experimental animal. In this article, the author summarized the features of zebrafish that make it a suitable laboratory animal, and introduced and discussed the applications of zebrafish to preclinical toxicity testing, including evaluations of teratogenicity, hepatotoxicity, and nephrotoxicity based on morphological findings, evaluation of cardiotoxicity using functional endpoints, and assessment of seizure and drug abuse liability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izuru Miyawaki
- Preclinical Research Laboratories, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma
Co., Ltd., 3-1-98 Kasugade-naka, Konohana-ku, Osaka 554-0022, Japan
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Viscarra F, González-Gutierrez J, Esparza E, Figueroa C, Paillali P, Hödar-Salazar M, Cespedes C, Quiroz G, Sotomayor-Zárate R, Reyes-Parada M, Bermúdez I, Iturriaga-Vásquez P. Nicotinic Antagonist UFR2709 Inhibits Nicotine Reward and Decreases Anxiety in Zebrafish. Molecules 2020; 25:E2998. [PMID: 32630020 PMCID: PMC7412259 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25132998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Zebrafish is becoming a popular animal model in neuropharmacology and drug discovery, mainly due to its ease of handling and low costs involved in maintenance and experimental work. This animal displays a series of complex behaviours that makes it useful for assessing the effects of psychoactive drugs. Here, adult zebrafish were used for assessment of the anxiolytic and anti-addictive properties of UFR2709, a nicotinic receptor (nAChR) antagonist, using two behavioural paradigms to test for addiction, the novel tank diving test to assess anxiety and the conditioned place preference (CPP). Furthermore, the expression of nAChR subunits α4 and α7 was measured in the zebrafish brain. The results show that UFR2709 exhibits an anxiolytic effect on zebrafish and blocks the effect evoked by nicotine on CPP. Moreover, UFR2709 significantly decreased the expression of α4 nicotinic receptor subunit. This indicates that UFR2709 might be a useful drug for the treatment of nicotine addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franco Viscarra
- Laboratorio de Síntesis Orgánica y Farmacología Molecular, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile; (F.V.); (E.E.); (C.F.); (P.P.); (M.H.-S.); (C.C.)
| | - Juan González-Gutierrez
- Programa de Doctorado en Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 7800003, Chile;
| | - Erica Esparza
- Laboratorio de Síntesis Orgánica y Farmacología Molecular, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile; (F.V.); (E.E.); (C.F.); (P.P.); (M.H.-S.); (C.C.)
| | - Carla Figueroa
- Laboratorio de Síntesis Orgánica y Farmacología Molecular, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile; (F.V.); (E.E.); (C.F.); (P.P.); (M.H.-S.); (C.C.)
| | - Pablo Paillali
- Laboratorio de Síntesis Orgánica y Farmacología Molecular, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile; (F.V.); (E.E.); (C.F.); (P.P.); (M.H.-S.); (C.C.)
| | - Martin Hödar-Salazar
- Laboratorio de Síntesis Orgánica y Farmacología Molecular, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile; (F.V.); (E.E.); (C.F.); (P.P.); (M.H.-S.); (C.C.)
| | - Camilo Cespedes
- Laboratorio de Síntesis Orgánica y Farmacología Molecular, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile; (F.V.); (E.E.); (C.F.); (P.P.); (M.H.-S.); (C.C.)
| | - Gabriel Quiroz
- Programa de Doctorado en Farmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380494, Chile;
| | - Ramón Sotomayor-Zárate
- Laboratorio de Neuroquímica y Neurofarmacología, Centro de Neurobiología y Fisiopatología Integrativa (CENFI), Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile;
| | - Miguel Reyes-Parada
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica y Aplicada (CIBAP), Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170022, Chile;
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca 3467987 Chile
| | - Isabel Bermúdez
- Department of Biological & Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK
| | - Patricio Iturriaga-Vásquez
- Laboratorio de Síntesis Orgánica y Farmacología Molecular, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile; (F.V.); (E.E.); (C.F.); (P.P.); (M.H.-S.); (C.C.)
- Center of Excellence in Biotechnology Research Applied to the Environment, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
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Heinz A, Daedelow LS, Wackerhagen C, Di Chiara G. Addiction theory matters-Why there is no dependence on caffeine or antidepressant medication. Addict Biol 2020; 25:e12735. [PMID: 30896084 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
With the development of the ICD-11, the debate about classifying certain psychoactive substances such as antidepressant medication and caffeine as drugs of dependence is ignited again. We argue that any coherent theory of addiction needs to identify the neurobiological processes elicited by a potentially addictive substance and to clearly define the clinical symptoms associated with these processes, which can then be used to guide diagnosis. Tolerance development and withdrawal symptoms can occur with any pharmacologically active agent, and their presence is not a sufficient criterion for the clinical diagnosis of an addictive disorder. Drug craving, drug seeking, and drug consumption in spite of harmful consequences are further key criteria for the diagnosis of substance dependence. Even though these symptoms have been associated with dopamine release in the ventral striatum, ventral striatal dopamine release alone is not a sufficient criterion of the addictive property of a drug. For example, common reinforcers such as food and sex increase dopamine transmission in the nucleus accumbens, but unlike in addictive substances, their effect is regulated by reward predictability and habituation. We emphasize the importance to integrate neurobiological as well as behavioral and clinical effects of a substance to assess its addictive liability. We provide a number of widely discussed examples and a list of key criteria as a conceptual guideline for addiction research and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyCharité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health Berlin Germany
| | - Laura S. Daedelow
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyCharité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health Berlin Germany
| | - Carolin Wackerhagen
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyCharité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health Berlin Germany
| | - Gaetano Di Chiara
- Department of Biomedical ScienceUniversità degli studi di Cagliari Cagliari Italy
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Pre-Exposure to Nicotine with Nocturnal Abstinence Induces Epigenetic Changes that Potentiate Nicotine Preference. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 57:1828-1846. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-01843-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Sensitization-dependent nicotine place preference in the adult zebrafish. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2019; 92:457-469. [PMID: 30826460 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2019.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Sensitization of motor activity is a behavioural test to evaluate the effects of psychostimulants. Conditioned place preference (CPP) is an associative learning procedure to examine the rewarding properties of drugs. We aimed to assess whether motor sensitization to drugs of abuse can make zebrafish more vulnerable to establishing drug-induced CPP. We first evaluated sensitization of locomotor activity of zebrafish to repeated administrations of nicotine and cocaine during 5 days and after 5 days of withdrawal. After withdrawal, when zebrafish were re-exposed to the same dose of nicotine or cocaine locomotor activity was increased by 103% and 166%, respectively. Different groups of zebrafish were sensitized to nicotine or cocaine and trained on a nicotine-CPP task the day after withdrawal. The nicotine dose selected for sensitization was not effective for developing CPP in naïve zebrafish whereas it elicited CPP in zebrafish that were previously sensitized to nicotine or cocaine. Levels of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor β2, α6 and α7 subunit, Pitx3, and tyrosine hydroxylase 1 (TH1) mRNAs were increased in the brain of nicotine- and cocaine-sensitized zebrafish. Nicotine-CPP performed with drug-sensitized zebrafish provoked further enhancements in the expression of α6 and α7 subunit, Pitx3, and TH1 mRNAs suggesting that the expression of these molecules in the reward pathway is involved in both processes. Our findings indicate that repeated exposures to low doses of drugs of abuse can increase subject's sensitivity to the rewarding properties of the same or different drugs. This further suggests that casual drug intake increases the probability of becoming addict.
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