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Zeed MA, El Shazly RM, Elesh E, El-Mallah HM, Saeed A. Gamma rays and neutrons attenuation performance of a developed lead borate glass for radiotherapy room. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2024; 200:355-367. [PMID: 38149329 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncad313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
The development of radiation therapy necessitated a continuous R&D for radiotherapy rooms' glass windows to reach the highest levels of protection for the staff of the radiotherapy facility. Therefore, in this article, a novel type of lead borate glass depending on parallel augmenting of lead and boron was produced to be used as gamma-rays and fast and thermal neutrons barriers in radiotherapy rooms. Neutrons and gamma rays' attenuation parameters, fast neutrons removal cross section ${\varSigma}_R$, thermal neutron total cross section ${\sigma}_T$, mass attenuation coefficient $\sigma$, linear attenuation coefficient μ, half-value layer, mean free path, effective atomic number Zeff, effective electron density Neff, and buildup factor for energy absorption (energy absorption buildup factor) and exposure (exposure buildup factor) were studied extensively. Three tools, Phy-X/PSD, EpiXS and XCOM computer programs and the standard mixture rules were utilized to estimate the attenuation parameters. The improvement caused by the augmentation of lead and boron in both gamma rays and neutrons attenuation was evident from the obtained results. The glass containing the highest lead and boron concentration PbB5, 40Pb-50B, which is the most efficient attenuator for gamma rays and both thermal and fast neutrons was recommended to be a distinguished choice as a shield in a radiotherapy room.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Abo Zeed
- Mathematics and Physics Department, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port Said, 42526, Egypt
| | - Raed M El Shazly
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11884, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman Elesh
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said, 42526, Egypt
| | - Hanaa M El-Mallah
- Mathematics and Physics Department, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port Said, 42526, Egypt
| | - Aly Saeed
- Mathematical and Natural Science Department, Faculty of Engineering, Egyptian Russian University, Badr, 11829, Cairo, Egypt
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2
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Dong M, Zhou S, Ge C, Yang H, Liu M, Lakshminarayana G, Xue X. Green and low-carbon upcycling of ludwigite: Prepared shields against nuclear radiation hazards and shielding mechanism. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2023.110931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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3
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Oto B, Kavaz E, Durak H, Madak Z. Assessment on gamma radiation shielding properties of molybdenum doped bricks. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2023.110849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
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4
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El-Khayatt AM, Saudi H. Recycling of waste porcelain into newly developed bismo-borate glass admixture with Gd3+ ions for nuclear radiation protection uses: An experimental and theoretical study. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2022.110612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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5
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Kaewjaeng S, Kothan S, Wantana N, Kim H, Rajaramakrishna R, Jumpee C, Limsuwan P, Kaewkhao J. Fabrication luminescence and radiation shielding properties of Gd2O3–La2O3–ZnO–B2O3–Sm2O3 glasses. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2022.110537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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6
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Saleh A, El-Feky M, Hafiz M, Kawady N. Experimental and theoretical investigation on physical, structure and protection features of TeO2–B2O3 glass doped with PbO in terms of gamma, neutron, proton and alpha particles. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2022.110586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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7
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Al-Ghamdi H, Tashlykov O, Sayyed M, Almuqrin AA, Khandaker MU, Mahmoud K. Suggested two layers container for shielding the low and intermediate activity gamma-ray sources. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2022.110322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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8
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Gamma-ray absorbing characteristic of obsidian rocks as a potential material for radiation protection. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2022.110309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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9
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Koksal OK, Apaydin G, Karahan IH, Tozar A. The effect of metal rate on the gamma shielding parameters of hydroxyapatite at medical treatment energies. Appl Radiat Isot 2022; 190:110456. [PMID: 36174332 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2022.110456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a kind of biomaterial which is used for bone treatment applications. We have scrutinized the gamma attenuation parameters such as such as the effective atomic number (Zeff), electron density (Nel), mass attenuation coefficient (MAC), linear attenuation coefficient (LAC), half value layer (HVL), tenth value layer (TVL) and mean free path (MFP) for only single liquid gamma source and a narrow beam geometry for the energy (medical treatment energy) ranging from 778 keV to 1408 keV (Eu-152) for the animal bone, iron, cobalt, copper, and zinc decorated Nano hydroxyapatite (nFeHAp, nCoHAp, nCuHAp, and nZnHAp) artificial bone powders. The gamma-rays were counted with using Ultra Low Energy Germanium detection system with a resolution 150 eV at 5,95 keV and a high purity germanium detector with a resolution of 1.85 keV at 1.33 MeV experimentally. The gamma ray attenuation parameters are calculated for the metal doped hydroxyapatite and compare with the animal bone. The results were compared with the output XCOM NIST data. While the mass absorption coefficient values for animal bone range from 0.08 to 0.05 at current energy levels, the values for metal-added artificial bone powders range from 0.07 to 0.05. While the linear absorption coefficient values for existing energy values for animal bone range from 0.04 to 0.02, they range from 0.03 to 0.02 for metal-added artificial bone powders. Mean free path values for real bone range from 24 to 36 at current energies, while half value layer values range from 16 to 25 and tenth value layer values range from 56 to 83. For metal-doped artificial bone powders, these parameters range from 26 to 35, 18 to 24, and 61 to 80, respectively. The results points that, the data of the gamma ray attenuation parameters are very close to the value of the animal bone due to the removal of calcium atoms from the structure when metal is added.
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Affiliation(s)
- O K Koksal
- Department of Electrical Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Adiyaman University, 02040, Adiyaman, Turkey.
| | - G Apaydin
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - I H Karahan
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Literature, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - A Tozar
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Literature, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
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Al-Ghamdi H, Hemily HM, Saleh IH, Ghataas ZF, Abdel-Halim AA, Sayyed MI, Yasmin S, Almuqrin AH, Elsafi M. Impact of WO 3-Nanoparticles on Silicone Rubber for Radiation Protection Efficiency. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:ma15165706. [PMID: 36013841 PMCID: PMC9414134 DOI: 10.3390/ma15165706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Silicone rubbers are a good choice for shielding materials because of having elastic and attenuating properties as well as cost-effectiveness. Thus, the aim of this study was to prepare ground-breaking silicone rubber samples by adding WO3-nanoparticles and testing the performance of their radiation shielding ability against Cs-137, Co-60, and Am-241 gamma energy. Increasing the concentration of WO3 nanoparticles in silicone rubber (SR) led to decreasing the half-value layer (HVL) and mean free path (MFP) values determined for the samples tested. Furthermore, the values of MFP and HVL upsurged according to the enhancement of the photon energy. It is noteworthy that the prepared silicone rubber (SR) systems with 50 and 60 wt% concentrations of WO3-nanoparticles displayed lower HVL than the Bi2O3-containing silicone rubber (SR) systems. In the same way, studied silicone rubber SR-W60 represented the lowest HVL comprising iron ore containing silicone rubber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanaa M. Hemily
- Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21526, Egypt
| | - I. H. Saleh
- Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21526, Egypt
| | - Z. F. Ghataas
- Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21526, Egypt
| | - A. A. Abdel-Halim
- Department of Basic and Applied Science, College of Engineering and Technology, The Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport, Alexandria 1029, Egypt
| | - M. I. Sayyed
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Isra University, Amman 11622, Jordan
- Correspondence: (M.I.S.); (M.E.)
| | - Sabina Yasmin
- Department of Physics, Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology, Chattogram 4349, Bangladesh
| | - Aljawhara H. Almuqrin
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Elsafi
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21511, Egypt
- Correspondence: (M.I.S.); (M.E.)
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11
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Aloraini DA, Sayyed MI, Kumar A, Yasmin S, Almuqrin AH. Impact of ZnO Modifier Concentration on TeO2 Glass Matrix for Optical and Gamma-Ray Shielding Capabilities. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15155342. [PMID: 35955277 PMCID: PMC9369588 DOI: 10.3390/ma15155342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study carried out a comparison of the optical and gamma ray shielding features of TeO2 with and without ZnO modifier concentration. Incorporating ZnO into the TeO2 network reduces the indirect band gap from 3.515–3.481 eV. When ZnO is added, refractive indices, dielectric constants, and optical dielectric constants rise from 2.271–2.278, 5.156–5.191, and 4.156–4.191 accordingly. The transmission coefficient and reflection loss are in direct opposition to each other. With increasing ZnO concentration in the selected glasses, the values of molar refractivity and molar polarizability decrease from 18.767–15.018 cm3/mol and from 7.444 × 10−24–5.957 × 10−24 cm3, respectively, while the electronic polarizability rises from 8.244 × 1024–8.273 × 1024, correspondingly. As expected by the metallization values, the glass systems are non-metallic. The linear attenuation coefficients (LAC) of the studied glass samples ensue through enhancing the photon energy range 0.0395–0.3443 MeV. There is a very slow decrease in the LAC from an energy of 0.1218–0.3443 MeV, yet there is a sharp decrease from an energy of 0.0401–0.0459 MeV. According to the obtained values of numerous shielding parameters such as LAC, MAC, HVL, MFP, and Zeff sample, Zn30 has shown the best radiation shielding ability comprising other studied samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalal A. Aloraini
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia; (D.A.A.); (A.H.A.)
| | - M. I. Sayyed
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Isra University, Amman 11622, Jordan
- Correspondence:
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Physics, University College Benra, Dhuri 148024, Punjab, India;
- Department of Physics, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, Punjab, India
| | - Sabina Yasmin
- Department of Physics, Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology, Chattogram 4349, Bangladesh;
| | - Aljawhara H. Almuqrin
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia; (D.A.A.); (A.H.A.)
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12
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Sayyed MI, Almousa N, Elsafi M. Green Conversion of the Hazardous Cathode Ray Tube and Red Mud into Radiation Shielding Concrete. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15155316. [PMID: 35955250 PMCID: PMC9369814 DOI: 10.3390/ma15155316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The present investigation was aimed at the utilization of alternate materials, emphasizing hazardous industrial products (red mud and cathode ray tubes), as constituents of radiation shielding concrete. The usage of these hazardous industrial products improves the sustainability and performance of the radiation shielding concrete. Five concrete blocks were cast and their density, compressive strength, gamma shielding factors, radiation absorption ratio, and transmission factor were explored. For this purpose, gamma-ray shielding measurements were done with the help of an HPGe detector. Mix-1, with zero contents of red mud and CRTs, had the lowest LAC. The LAC results demonstrated that the shielding performance of the current concretes would be better with the increase in red mud and cathode ray tube glass. The Transmission factor (TF) for the prepared concretes with a thickness of 2 cm varied between 11.9–26.1% at 0.06 MeV, while it varied between 4–13% for a thickness of 3 cm. The TF results showed that the composites with a thickness of 2, 3, or 5 cm are good shields against lower energy radiation. The radiation absorption ratio (RAR) for the prepared concretes is high at low energy, suggesting that these new composites can absorb most of the low-energy photons. The RAR results emphasize that the increase in CRTs in the new composites enhanced the radiation shielding features, and when the CRT glass is at a maximum, more attenuation was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. I. Sayyed
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Isra University, Amman 11622, Jordan
- Correspondence:
| | - Nouf Almousa
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohamed Elsafi
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21511, Egypt;
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13
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Khazaalah TH, Mustafa IS, Sayyed M. Radiation parameterizations and optical characterizations for glass shielding composed of SLS waste glass and lead-free materials. NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.net.2022.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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A Study on the Gamma Radiation Protection Effectiveness of Nano/Micro-MgO-Reinforced Novel Silicon Rubber for Medical Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14142867. [PMID: 35890643 PMCID: PMC9323410 DOI: 10.3390/polym14142867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, we examined novel polymer composites for use in radiation protection applications. These prepared polymers are non-toxic compared with lead and show potential to be used as protective gear in different medical applications where low-energy photons are utilized. We prepared silicon rubber (SR) with different concentrations of micro- and nano-sized MgO. We used a HPGe detector to measure radiation attenuation factors at different photon energies, ranging from 59.6 to 1333 keV. We reported the effect of particle size on the attenuation parameters and found that the linear attenuation factors for SR with nano-MgO were higher than for SR with micro-MgO. The mean free path (MFP) for pure SR and SR with micro- and nano-sized MgO were determined, and we found that silicon rubber with MgO (both micro- and nano-sized) has a lower MFP than pure SR. The linear attenuation coefficient results show the importance of using SR with high MgO content for low-energy radiation protection applications. Moreover, the half-value layer (HVL) results demonstrate that we need a certain thickness of SR with nano-MgO to effectively reduce the intensity of the low-energy photons.
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15
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The Interrelation of Synthesis Conditions and Wettability Properties of the Porous Anodic Alumina Membranes. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12142382. [PMID: 35889606 PMCID: PMC9320104 DOI: 10.3390/nano12142382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The results of studies on the wettability properties and preparation of porous anodic alumina (PAA) membranes with a 3.3 ± 0.2 μm thickness and a variety of pore sizes are presented in this article. The wettability feature results, as well as the fabrication processing characteristics and morphology, are presented. The microstructure effect of these surfaces on wettability properties is analyzed in comparison to outer PAA surfaces. The interfacial contact angle was measured for amorphous PAA membranes as-fabricated and after a modification technique (pore widening), with pore sizes ranging from 20 to 130 nm. Different surface morphologies of such alumina can be obtained by adjusting synthesis conditions, which allows the surface properties to change from hydrophilic (contact angle is approximately 13°) to hydrophobic (contact angle is 100°). This research could propose a new method for designing functional surfaces with tunable wettability. The potential applications of ordinary alumina as multifunctional films are demonstrated.
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16
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Study the radiation attenuation properties of ball clay-cement- iron slag composites by experimental and theoretical methods. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2022.110348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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17
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Effect of iron and ferrosilicon materials to enhance the radiation shielding ability of bentonite clay. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2022.110235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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18
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Poojha MK, Marimuthu K, Teresa PE, Almousa N, Sayyed M. Role of modifiers on the structural, mechanical, optical and radiation protection attributes of Eu3+ incorporated multi constituent glasses. NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.net.2022.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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19
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Şakar E, Özpolat Ö, Alım B, Alsaif NA, Rammah Y. Evaluation of γ-rays and neutron shielding parameters of high dense bismo-boro-tellurite glasses: Comparative study. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2022.110149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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20
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Dong M, Tishkevich D, Hanfi M, Semenishchev V, Sayyed M, Zhou S, Grabchikov S, Khandaker M, Xue X, Zhaludkevich A, Razanau I, Vinnik D, Trukhanov S, Zubar T, Trukhanov A. WCu composites fabrication and experimental study of the shielding efficiency against ionizing radiation. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2022.110175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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21
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Hamad MK, Mhareb M, Sayyed M, Alajerami Y, Alsharhan R, Khandaker MU. Novel efficient alloys for ionizing radiation shielding applications: A theoretical investigation. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2022.110181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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22
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Almuqrin AH, Sayyed M, Elsafi M, Khandaker MU. Comparison of radiation shielding ability of Bi2O3 micro and nanoparticles for radiation shields. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2022.110170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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23
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Al-Ghamdi H, Sayyed M, Elsafi M, Kumar A, Al-Harbi N, Almuqrin AH, Yasmin S, Khandaker MU. An experimental study measuring the photon attenuation features of the P2O5–CaO–K2O–Na2O–PbO glass system. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2022.110153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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24
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Investigation of the photon shielding capability of kaolin clay added with micro and nanoparticles of Bi2O3. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2022.110191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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25
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Aloraini DA, Sayyed M, Mahmoud K, Almuqrin AA, Kumar A, Khandaker MU, Elsafi M. Evaluation of radiation shielding characteristics of B2O3–K2O– Li2O - HMO (HMO = TeO2/ SrO /PbO/Bi2O3) glass system: A simulation study using MCNP5 code. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2022.110172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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