Correlation of body mass index with serum total PSA, total testosterone and prostatic volume in a sample of men

Studying the effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus on prostate-related parameters: A prospective single institutional study

Background

To examine the effects of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) on the variables associated with prostatic growth including serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA), serum testosterone, and prostate volume, and to correlate these variables with the duration of diabetes treatment.

Methods

Our study was conducted over 3 months recruiting 501 men aged ≥ 55 years; of whom 207 had type 2 DM. Exclusion criteria were active urinary tract infection, suspicious rectal examination, urologic cancer, end-organ damage, and recent urological manipulations. Serum PSA and serum testosterone were measured. Prostate volume was determined by abdominal ultrasonography using an ellipsoid formula.

Results

The mean patient age was 60.21 ± 5.95 years. The mean PSA, testosterone, and prostate volume for diabetic men were 2.3 ng/mL, 3 ng/mL, and 56 g, respectively. The corresponding values for nondiabetic men were 3.5 ng/mL, 4 ng/mL, and 51 g, respectively (P = 0.001, P = 0.001, P = 0.03, respectively). The mean PSA density was 0.049 ± 0.043 ng/mL/cm³ in diabetics versus 0.080 ± 0.056 ng/mL/cm³ in non-diabetics (P < 0.001).

Conclusion

Type 2 DM is significantly associated with lower serum PSA and testosterone, and larger prostate volume.