Di-2-pyridyl ketone in lanthanide(III) chemistry: Mononuclear and dinuclear erbium(III) complexes

Asymmetric Dinuclear Lanthanide(III) Complexes from the Use of a Ligand Derived from 2-Acetylpyridine and Picolinoylhydrazide: Synthetic, Structural and Magnetic Studies

A family of four Ln(III) complexes has been synthesized with the general formula [Ln₂(NO₃)₄(L)₂(S)] (Ln = Gd, Tb, Er, and S = H₂O; 1, 2 and 4, respectively/Ln = Dy, S = MeOH, complex 3), where HL is the flexible ditopic ligand N’-(1-(pyridin-2-yl)ethylidene)pyridine-2-carbohydrazide. The structures of isostructural MeOH/H₂O solvates of these complexes were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The two Ln^III ions are doubly bridged by the deprotonated oxygen atoms of two “head-to-head” 2.21011 (Harris notation) L¯ ligands, forming a central, nearly rhombic {Ln^III₂(μ-OR)₂}⁴⁺ core. Two bidentate chelating nitrato groups complete a sphenocoronal 10-coordination at one metal ion, while two bidentate chelating nitrato groups and one solvent molecule (H₂O or MeOH) complete a spherical capped square antiprismatic 9-coordination at the other. The structures are critically compared with those of other, previously reported metal complexes of HL or L¯. The IR spectra of 1–4 are discussed in terms of the coordination modes of the organic and inorganic ligands involved. The f-f transitions in the solid-state (diffuse reflectance) spectra of the Tb(III), Dy(III), and Er(III) complexes have been fully assigned in the UV/Vis and near-IR regions. Magnetic susceptibility studies in the 1.85–300 K range reveal the presence of weak, intramolecular Gd^III∙∙∙Gd^III antiferromagnetic exchange interactions in 1 [J/k_B = −0.020(6) K based on the spin Hamiltonian Ĥ = −2J(Ŝ_Gd1∙ Ŝ_Gd2)] and probably weak antiferromagnetic Ln^III∙∙∙Ln^III exchange interactions in 2–4. Ac susceptibility measurements in zero dc field do not show frequency dependent out-of-phase signals, and this experimental fact is discussed for 3 in terms of the magnetic anisotropy axis for each Dy^III center and the oblate electron density of this metal ion. Complexes 3 and 4 are Single-Molecule Magnets (SMMs) and this behavior is optimally observed under external dc fields of 600 and 1000 Oe, respectively. The magnetization relaxation pathways are discussed and a satisfactory fit of the temperature and field dependencies of the relaxation time τ was achieved considering a model that employs Raman, direct, and Orbach relaxation mechanisms.

Magnetic exchange interactions in symmetric lanthanide dimetallics

Multi-frequency EPR spectra and CASSCF-SO calculations on two symmetric homo-dimetallic lanthanide complexes are used to determine the magnetic exchange coupling in the low-lying states.

Probing the electronic structure of a copper(ii) complex by CW- and pulse-EPR spectroscopy

The electronic structure of a mononuclear octahedral copper(ii) complex has been studied using CW EPR spectroscopy and other advanced methods including Davies ENDOR and HYSCORE (¹H and ¹³C) spectroscopy.

Synthesis, spectral and quantum chemical studies on NO-chelating sulfamonomethoxine-cyclophosph(V)azane and its Er(III) complex

Computational studies have been carried out at the DFT-B3LYP/6-31G(d) level of theory on the structural and spectroscopic properties of novel ethane-1,2-diol-dichlorocyclophosph(V)azane of sulfamonomethoxine (L), and its binuclear Er(III) complex. Different tautomers of the ligand were optimized at the ab initio DFT level. Keto-form structure is about 15.8 kcal/mol more stable than the enol form (taking zpe correction into account). Simulated IR frequencies were scaled and compared with that experimentally measured. TD-DFT method was used to compute the UV-VIS spectra which show good agreement with measured electronic spectra. The structures of the novel isolated products are proposed based on elemental analyses, IR, UV-VIS, (1)H NMR, (31)P NMR, SEM, XRD spectra, effective magnetic susceptibility measurements and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).

Spectral and quantum chemical studies on 1,3-bis(N(1)-4-amino-6-methoxypyrimidinebenzenesulfonamide-2,2,4,4-ethane-1,2-dithiol)-2,4-dichlorocyclodiphosph(V)azane and its erbium complex

Novel 1,3-bis(N(1)-4-amino-6-methoxypyrimidine-benzenesulfonamide-2,2,4,4-ethane-1,2-dithiol)-2,4-dichlorocyclodiphosph(V)azane (L), was prepared and their coordinating behavior towards the lanthanide ion Er(III) was studied. The structures of the isolated products are proposed based on elemental analyses, IR, UV-VIS., (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, (31)P NMR, SEM, XRD, mass spectra, effective magnetic susceptibility measurements and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Computational studies have been carried out at the DFT-B3LYP/6-31G(d) level of theory on the structural and spectroscopic properties of L and its binuclear Er(III) complex. Different tautomers of the ligand were optimized at the ab initio DFT level. Keto-form structure is about 17.7 kcal/mol more stable than the enol form (taking zpe correction into account). Simulated IR frequencies were scaled and compared with that experimentally measured. TD-DFT method was used to compute the UV-VIS spectra which compared by the measured electronic spectra.

In search of 3d/4f-metal single-molecule magnets: Nickel(II)/lanthanide(III) coordination clusters

The importance of 3d/4f-metal cluster chemistry is outlined, and the employment of 2-pyridyl ketone- and 2-pyridyl oxime-based ligands for the preparation of low-nuclearity NiII/LnIII complexes (Ln = lanthanide) is reviewed. The synthetic utility of the “metal complexes as ligands” and “one-pot” approaches is critically discussed. The small nuclearity of the products permits the in-depth analysis of their magnetic properties.

Synthesis and structure of dimeric anthracene-9-carboxylato bridged dinuclear erbium(III) complex, [Er(2)(9-AC)(6)(DMF)(2)(H(2)O)(2)]

We study the influence of the bulky aromatic rings, e.g. anthracence-9-carboxylic acid (9-ACA) with a large conjugated pi-system on the structure and spectroscopic properties of [Er(2)(9-AC)(6)(DMF)(2)(H(2)O)(2)] complex where 9-AC=anthracence-9-carboxylato and DMF=N,N'-dimethylformamide. The complex has been prepared from the erbium chloride and 9-ACA in the mixture of H(2)O:DMF solution (4:1, v/v) followed by pH adjustment to 6. The complex is crystallized in a monoclinic system with space group P2(1)/n. The two Er(III) ions are double bridged by the deprotonated carboxyl groups of two 9-AC anions (O1 and O1A), forming an eight-coordination number. The chelating bidentate (O,O), chelating-bridging tridentate (O,O,O') and monodentate of 9-AC anions are observed in the dinuclear [Er(2)(9-AC)(6)(DMF)(2)(H(2)O)(2)] complex. The Er-Er distance is 4.015A in the dimeric unit. Intramolecular O-Hcdots, three dots, centeredO and C-Hcdots, three dots, centeredO hydrogen bonds as well as numerous of intermolecular C-Hcdots, three dots, centeredpi interactions between the anthracene rings by edge-to-face interactions linked the dinuclear dimeric units into two-dimensional supramolecular network in a propeller-arrangement. Electronic absorption spectra of the Er(III) complex and its salt were measured. The emission spectrum of the complex is composed of a broad band due to the emission of intraligand pi*-->pi transition from the 9-AC anions and a shoulder peak originating from the 4f-4f emission transition of the Er(III) ions. The complex has a high thermal stability which can be attributed to the effectively increase the rigidity of the 9-AC anions.