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Kawsar M, Sahadat Hossain M, Alam MK, Bahadur NM, Shaikh MAA, Ahmed S. Synthesis of pure and doped nano-calcium phosphates using different conventional methods for biomedical applications: a review. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:3376-3391. [PMID: 38506117 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02846a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
The applications of calcium phosphates (hydroxyapatite, tetracalcium phosphate, tricalcium phosphate (alpha and beta), fluorapatite, di-calcium phosphate anhydrous, and amorphous calcium-phosphate) are increasing day by day. Calcium hydroxyapatite, commonly known as hydroxyapatite (HAp), represents a mineral form of calcium apatite. Owing to its close molecular resemblance to the mineral constituents of bones, teeth, and hard tissues, HAp is often employed in the biomedical domain. In addition, it is extensively employed in various sectors such as the remediation of water, air, and soil pollution. The key advantage of HAp lies in its potential to accommodate a wide variety of anionic and cationic substitutions. Nevertheless, HAp and tricalcium phosphate (TCP) syntheses typically involve the use of chemical precursors containing calcium and phosphorus sources and employ diverse techniques, such as solid-state, wet, and thermal methods or a combination of these processes. Researchers are increasingly favoring natural sources such as bio-waste (eggshells, oyster shells, animal bones, fish scales, etc.) as viable options for synthesizing HAp. Interestingly, the synthesis route significantly influences the morphology, size, and crystalline phase of calcium phosphates. In this review paper, we highlight both dry and wet methods, which include six commonly used synthesis methods (i.e. solid-state, mechano-chemical, wet-chemical precipitation, hydrolysis, sol-gel, and hydrothermal methods) coupled with the variation in source materials and their influence in modifying the structural morphology from a bulky state to nanoscale to explore the applications of multifunctional calcium phosphates in different formats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Kawsar
- Glass Research Division, Institute of Glass & Ceramic Research and Testing, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh.
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Md Sahadat Hossain
- Glass Research Division, Institute of Glass & Ceramic Research and Testing, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Kawcher Alam
- Glass Research Division, Institute of Glass & Ceramic Research and Testing, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh.
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Newaz Mohammed Bahadur
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Md Aftab Ali Shaikh
- Glass Research Division, Institute of Glass & Ceramic Research and Testing, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh.
| | - Samina Ahmed
- Glass Research Division, Institute of Glass & Ceramic Research and Testing, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh.
- BCSIR Dhaka Laboratories, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh
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Kapat K, Maity PP, Rameshbabu AP, Srivas PK, Majumdar P, Dhara S. Simultaneous hydrothermal bioactivation with nano-topographic modulation of porous titanium alloys towards enhanced osteogenic and antimicrobial responses. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:2877-2893. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb00382c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Post-implantation failure associated with insufficient host tissue integration at the bone–implant interface and aseptic loosening is a major concern in orthopaedics as well as in dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kausik Kapat
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Laboratory
- School of Medical Science & Technology
- Kharagpur
- India
| | - Priti Prasanna Maity
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Laboratory
- School of Medical Science & Technology
- Kharagpur
- India
- Centre for Healthcare Science and Technology
| | - Arun Prabhu Rameshbabu
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Laboratory
- School of Medical Science & Technology
- Kharagpur
- India
| | - Pavan Kumar Srivas
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Laboratory
- School of Medical Science & Technology
- Kharagpur
- India
| | - Pallab Majumdar
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Kharagpur
- India
| | - Santanu Dhara
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Laboratory
- School of Medical Science & Technology
- Kharagpur
- India
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Sadat-Shojai M, Khorasani MT, Dinpanah-Khoshdargi E, Jamshidi A. Synthesis methods for nanosized hydroxyapatite with diverse structures. Acta Biomater 2013; 9:7591-621. [PMID: 23583646 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2013.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 507] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2012] [Revised: 04/02/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is the major mineral constituent of vertebrate bones and teeth. It has been well documented that HAp nanoparticles can significantly increase the biocompatibility and bioactivity of man-made biomaterials. Over the past decade, HAp nanoparticles have therefore increasingly been in demand, and extensive efforts have been devoted to develop many synthetic routes, involving both scientifically and economically new features. Several investigations have also been made to determine how critical properties of HAp can be effectively controlled by varying the processing parameters. With such a wide variety of methods for the preparation of HAp nanoparticles, choosing a specific procedure to synthesize a well-defined powder can be laborious; accordingly, in the present review, we have summarized all the available information on the preparation methodologies of HAp, and highlighted the inherent advantages and disadvantages involved in each method. This article is focused on nanosized HAp, although recent articles on microsized particles, especially those assembled from nanoparticles and/or nanocrystals, have also been reviewed for comparison. We have also provided several scientific figures and discussed a number of critical issues and challenges which require further research and development.
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Bohner M, Tadier S, van Garderen N, de Gasparo A, Döbelin N, Baroud G. Synthesis of spherical calcium phosphate particles for dental and orthopedic applications. BIOMATTER 2013; 3:e25103. [PMID: 23719177 PMCID: PMC3749799 DOI: 10.4161/biom.25103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Revised: 04/17/2013] [Accepted: 05/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Calcium phosphate materials have been used increasingly in the past 40 years as bone graft substitutes in the dental and orthopedic fields. Accordingly, numerous fabrication methods have been proposed and used. However, the controlled production of spherical calcium phosphate particles remains a challenge. Since such particles are essential for the synthesis of pastes and cements delivered into the host bone by minimally-invasive approaches, the aim of the present document is to review their synthesis and applications. For that purpose, production methods were classified according to the used reagents (solutions, slurries, pastes, powders), dispersion media (gas, liquid, solid), dispersion tools (nozzle, propeller, sieve, mold), particle diameters of the end product (from 10 nm to 10 mm), and calcium phosphate phases. Low-temperature calcium phosphates such as monetite, brushite or octacalcium phosphate, as well as high-temperature calcium phosphates, such as hydroxyapatite, β-tricalcium phosphate or tetracalcium phosphate, were considered. More than a dozen production methods and over hundred scientific publications were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Gamal Baroud
- Laboratoire de Biomécanique; Département de Génie; Université de Sherbrooke; Sherbrooke, QC Canada
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Shi J, Qi W, Li G, Cao S. Biomimetic self-assembly of calcium phosphate templated by PNIPAAm nanogels for sustained smart drug delivery. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2012.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Preparation of thin plate-like calcium phosphate particles with slit-shaped micropores and their molecular sieve effect. Colloid Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-011-2557-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Pu XM, Sun ZZ, Hou ZQ, Yang Y, Yao QQ, Zhang QQ. Fabrication of chitosan/hydroxylapatite composite rods with a layer-by-layer structure for fracture fixation. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2012; 100:1179-89. [PMID: 22454303 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.31961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2011] [Revised: 07/25/2011] [Accepted: 08/03/2011] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
A composite rod for fracture fixation using chitosan (CHI)/hydroxylapatite (HA) was prepared by means of in situ precipitation, which had a layer-by-layer structure, good mechanical properties, and cell compatibilities. The CHI/HA composite rods were precipitated from the chitosan solution with calcium and phosphorus precursors, followed by treatment with a tripolyphosphate-trisodium phosphate solution (pH >13) to crosslink the CHI and to hydrolyze the calcium phosphates to nanocrystalline HA. The results of FTIR, XRD, and TEM measurements confirmed that HA had been formed within the CHI matrix. The effects of the CHI/HA ratios (20/0, 20/1, 20/2, 20/4, and 20/5, w/w) on the mechanical properties were investigated. At the CHI/HA ratio of 20/4 (w/w), the bending strength and modulus of the rods were 133 MPa and 6.8 GPa, respectively. Pre-osteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured in an extract of the CHI/HA rods (20/4, w/w) to study the cell compatibilities of the composite. The observations indicated that the CHI/HA composite could promote the growth of MC3T3-E1 cells better than the composite without HA (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the co-cultivation of the cells and the CHI/HA composite showed that cells fully spread on the surface of the composite with an obvious cytoskeleton organization, which also revealed that the CHI/HA composite had a good biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Ming Pu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
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