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TOPKAYA D, ŞAHİN Z, İŞCİ Ü, DUMOULİN F. Phthalocyanines prepared from 4,5-dihexylthiophthalonitrile, a popular building block. Turk J Chem 2023; 47:814-836. [PMID: 38173733 PMCID: PMC10760877 DOI: 10.55730/1300-0527.3582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Phthalocyanines are tetrapyrrolic artificial porphyrinoids that play major roles in advanced biological and technological applications. Research on this family of dyes is particularly active in Türkiye, with many derivatives being prepared from 4,5-dihexylthiophthalonitrile DiSHexPN, which is one of the most popular noncommercially available building blocks for phthalocyanines. This review summarizes the phthalocyanines and their versatile properties and applications that have been published since 1994, when the synthesis of DiSHexPN was first described, to emphasize the importance of this building block in plentiful applications, all with biomedical or technological impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derya TOPKAYA
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir,
Turkiye
| | - Zeynel ŞAHİN
- Department of Metallurgical & Materials Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Marmara University, İstanbul,
Turkiye
| | - Ümit İŞCİ
- Department of Metallurgical & Materials Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Marmara University, İstanbul,
Turkiye
| | - Fabienne DUMOULİN
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, İstanbul,
Turkiye
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Gourdon L, Cariou K, Gasser G. Phototherapeutic anticancer strategies with first-row transition metal complexes: a critical review. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:1167-1195. [PMID: 35048929 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00609f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photoactivated chemotherapy (PACT) are therapeutic techniques based on a photosensitizer (PS) and light. These techniques allow the spatial and temporal control of the activation of drugs with light. Transition metal complexes are attractive compounds as photoactivatable prodrugs since their excited states can be appropriately designed by subtle modifications of the ligands, the metal centre, or the oxidation state. However, most metal-based PSs contain heavy metals such as Ru, Os, Ir, Pt or Au, which are expensive and non-earth-abundant, contrary to first-row transition metals. In this context, the exploration of the photochemical properties of complexes based on first-row transition metals appears to be extremely promising. This did encourage several groups to develop promising PSs based on these metals. This review presents up-to-date state-of-the-art information on first-row-transition metal complexes, from titanium to zinc in regard to their application as PSs for phototherapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Gourdon
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Laboratory for Inorganic Chemical Biology, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Kevin Cariou
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Laboratory for Inorganic Chemical Biology, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Gilles Gasser
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Laboratory for Inorganic Chemical Biology, 75005 Paris, France.
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3
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Amitha G, Vasudevan S. Optical and electrochemical properties of peripherally substituted chromium and manganese phthalocyanines. Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2021.115591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Renzi P, Mazzapioda L, Nardelli F, Martini F, Geppi M, Mancone C, Assunta Navarra M, D'Acunzo F, Gentili P. Titanium‐Based Tetrakis‐2,3‐[5,6‐di(Substituted)pyrazino]porphyrazine: Synthesis and Characterization. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Polyssena Renzi
- Department of Chemistry Sapienza Università di Roma P.le A. Moro 5 00185 Rome Italy
| | - Lucia Mazzapioda
- Department of Chemistry Sapienza Università di Roma P.le A. Moro 5 00185 Rome Italy
| | - Francesca Nardelli
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry University of Pisa Via G. Moruzzi 13 56124 Pisa Italy
| | - Francesca Martini
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry University of Pisa Via G. Moruzzi 13 56124 Pisa Italy
| | - Marco Geppi
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry University of Pisa Via G. Moruzzi 13 56124 Pisa Italy
| | - Carmine Mancone
- Department of Molecular Medicine Sapienza University of Rome Viale Regina Elena 291 00161 Rome Italy
| | | | - Francesca D'Acunzo
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Istituto per I Sistemi Biologici Sapienza Università di Roma P.le A. Moro 5 00185 Rome Italy
| | - Patrizia Gentili
- Department of Chemistry Sapienza Università di Roma P.le A. Moro 5 00185 Rome Italy
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Tunç G, Albakour M, Ahsen V, Gürek AG. Peripherally carboxylic acid substituted asymmetric zinc(II) phthalocyanines: Synthesis and photophysicochemical properties. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2020. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424619501402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Four asymmetric Zn(II) phthalocyanines (Pc1–Pc4) bearing a carboxylic acid group in the peripheral position have been designed and synthesized to investigate the influence of the distance between COOH group and the phthalocyanine core on their photophysical and photochemical properties. The novel phthalocyanine complexes were characterized by [Formula: see text]H, [Formula: see text]C NMR, IR, and UV-vis spectroscopies, elemental analysis and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI). The aggregation behavior, photophysical and photochemical properties such as fluorescence lifetime and quantum yields and singlet oxygen quantum yields of Pc1–Pc4 were explored in tetrahydrofuran (THF) to the determination of the potential use of these novel phthalocyanines as photosensitizers for different applications such as photovoltaic technologies and photodynamic therapy (PDT). Pc1–Pc4exhibited high singlet oxygen generation quantum yields (0.84, 0.66, 0.88 and 0.65, respectively). Fluorescence quantum yields could be obtained for Pc1, Pc2, Pc3 and Pc4 (0.13, 0.31, 0.10 and 0.25, respectively) in THF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülenay Tunç
- Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, 41400, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Mohamad Albakour
- Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, 41400, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Vefa Ahsen
- Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, 41400, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Gül Gürek
- Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, 41400, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
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Özkan Garip E, Özçeşmeci M, Katırcı R, Özçeşmeci İ, Hamuryudan E. Unsymmetrical phthalocyanines containing azo moiety; Synthesis and photophysical properties. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2020. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424619501724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Unsymmetrical metal-free phthalocyanine was synthesized through cyclotetramerization of 4-[2,6-dimethyl-4-(4-tert-butyl-phenylazo)phenoxy]phthalonitrile and 4-(hexylthio)phthalonitrile in the presence of lithium in [Formula: see text]-pentanol, then metal-free phthalocyanine was obtained by acidification with acetic acid. Finally, metalation was achieved by refluxing metal-free phthalocyanine in [Formula: see text]-pentanol in the presence of zinc (II) salt. The structure of synthesized phthalocyanine derivatives were characterized by using proton nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectrometry, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The HOMO–LUMO energies were computed using density functional theory. The HOMO–LUMO energy difference is 2.28 eV. The calculated results were consistent with the experimental data. In addition, aggregation behaviors and general trends for photophysical properties of these phthalocyanine derivatives were studied in tetrahydrofuran. The emission intensities of these phthalocyanine derivatives were strongly quenched by 1,4-benzoquinone in tetrahydrofuran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Özkan Garip
- Istanbul Technical University, Department of Chemistry, Maslak, Istanbul, TR34469, Turkey
| | - Mukaddes Özçeşmeci
- Istanbul Technical University, Department of Chemistry, Maslak, Istanbul, TR34469, Turkey
| | - Ramazan Katırcı
- Istanbul Aydın University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Küçükçekmece, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - İbrahim Özçeşmeci
- Istanbul Technical University, Department of Chemistry, Maslak, Istanbul, TR34469, Turkey
| | - Esin Hamuryudan
- Istanbul Technical University, Department of Chemistry, Maslak, Istanbul, TR34469, Turkey
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Tunç G, Güzel E, Şişman İ, Ahsen V, Cárdenas-Jirón G, Gürek AG. Effect of new asymmetrical Zn(ii) phthalocyanines on the photovoltaic performance of a dye-sensitized solar cell. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj02585e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Theoretical and experimental examinations of novel asymmetric Zn(ii) phthalocyanine derivatives substituted with peripherally one carboxyl and six alkylsulfanyl groups have been successfully investigated from the point of view of DSSC performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülenay Tunç
- Department of Chemistry
- Gebze Technical University
- 41400 Gebze
- Turkey
| | - Emre Güzel
- Department of Chemistry
- Sakarya University
- 54050 Serdivan
- Turkey
| | - İlkay Şişman
- Department of Chemistry
- Sakarya University
- 54050 Serdivan
- Turkey
| | - Vefa Ahsen
- Department of Chemistry
- Gebze Technical University
- 41400 Gebze
- Turkey
| | - Gloria Cárdenas-Jirón
- Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biology
- University of Santiago de Chile (USACH)
- Santiago
- Chile
| | - Ayşe Gül Gürek
- Department of Chemistry
- Gebze Technical University
- 41400 Gebze
- Turkey
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do Nascimento FB, Ribeiro AO. Investigation of synthetic pathways of carboxylic acid phthalocyanines from glycolic and lactic acids. Inorganica Chim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2017.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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9
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Demirbaş Ü, Akyüz D, Akçay HT, Barut B, Koca A, Kantekin H. Synthesis, characterization and investigation of electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical properties of non-peripherally tetra-5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole substituted copper(II) iron(II) and oxo-titanium (IV) phthalocyanines. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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10
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Aktaş A, Ünlüer D, Kobak RZU, Acar İ, Düğdü E, Koca A, Kantekin H. 1,2,4-triazole-5(4H)-one based novel peripherally tetrasubstituted metal-free and metallophthalocyanines: Synthesis, characterization, and electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical properties. INORG NANO-MET CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/15533174.2016.1212230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayşe Aktaş
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Dilek Ünlüer
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Rabia Zeynep Uslu Kobak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - İrfan Acar
- Department of Energy Systems Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Esra Düğdü
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Atıf Koca
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Halit Kantekin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
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Galstyan A, Block D, Niemann S, Grüner MC, Abbruzzetti S, Oneto M, Daniliuc CG, Hermann S, Viappiani C, Schäfers M, Löffler B, Strassert CA, Faust A. Labeling and Selective Inactivation of Gram-Positive Bacteria Employing Bimodal Photoprobes with Dual Readouts. Chemistry 2016; 22:5243-52. [PMID: 26929124 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201504935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrate-conjugated silicon(IV) phthalocyanines with bimodal photoactivity were developed as probes with both fluorescent labeling and photosensitizing capabilities, and the concomitant fluorescent labeling and photoinduced inactivation of Gram-positive and Gram-negative models was explored. The maltohexaose-conjugated photoprobe provides a dual readout to distinguish between both groups of pathogens, as only the Gram-positive species was inactivated, even though both appeared labeled with near-infrared luminescence. Antibiotic resistance did not hinder the phototoxic effect, as even the methicillin-resistant pathogen Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was completely photoinactivated. Time-resolved confocal fluorescence microscopy analysis suggests that the photoprobe sticks onto the outer rim of the microorganisms, explaining the resistance of Gram-negative species on the basis of their membrane constitution. The mannose-conjugated photoprobe yields a different readout because it is able to label and to inactivate only the Gram-positive strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anzhela Galstyan
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, Waldeyerstr. 15, 48149, Münster, Germany. .,Physikalisches Institut and Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Heisenbergstr. 11, 48149, Münster, Germany.
| | - Desiree Block
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Domagkstr. 10, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Silke Niemann
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Domagkstr. 10, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Malte C Grüner
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Heisenbergstr. 11, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Stefania Abbruzzetti
- Dip. di Bioscienze Università degli Studi di Parma, NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze CNR, viale delle Scienze 11A, 43124, Parma, Italia
| | - Michele Oneto
- Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego, 30, 16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Constantin G Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstr. 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Sven Hermann
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, Waldeyerstr. 15, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Cristiano Viappiani
- Dip. di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Parma, NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze CNR, viale delle Scienze 7A, 43124, Parma, Italia
| | - Michael Schäfers
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, Waldeyerstr. 15, 48149, Münster, Germany.,Klinik für Nuklearmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Albert Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Bettina Löffler
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Erlanger Allee 101, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Cristian A Strassert
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Heisenbergstr. 11, 48149, Münster, Germany.
| | - Andreas Faust
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, Waldeyerstr. 15, 48149, Münster, Germany.
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Kurt Ö, Özçeşmeci İ, Şebnem Sesalan B, Burkut Koçak M. The synthesis and investigation of binding properties of a new water soluble hexadeca zinc(ii) phthalocyanine with bovine serum albumin and DNA. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj00933b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and the interaction between water soluble, non-aggregated, hexadeca substituted phthalocyanine zinc(ii) pc with DNA and BSA were reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özge Kurt
- Istanbul Technical University
- Faculty of Science and Letters
- Department of Chemistry
- Maslak 34469
- Turkey
| | - İbrahim Özçeşmeci
- Istanbul Technical University
- Faculty of Science and Letters
- Department of Chemistry
- Maslak 34469
- Turkey
| | - B. Şebnem Sesalan
- Istanbul Technical University
- Faculty of Science and Letters
- Department of Chemistry
- Maslak 34469
- Turkey
| | - M. Burkut Koçak
- Istanbul Technical University
- Faculty of Science and Letters
- Department of Chemistry
- Maslak 34469
- Turkey
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13
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Tekdaş DA, Gürek AG, Ahsen V. Asymmetric zinc phthalocyanines substituted with a single carboxyl and triethyleneoxysulfonyl groups: synthesis, characterization and validation for photodynamic therapy. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2014. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424614500709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This work describes modular pathway towards the synthesis of new specific unsymmetrically (AB3) zinc phthalocyanines that contains three polyoxy ethylene and monocarboxylic acid groups as photosensitizers. Their photophysical and photochemical properties are studied. General trends are described for quantum yields of fluorescence, photodegradation and singlet oxygen quantum yields of these compounds. Therefore, these novel phthalocyanines could potentially be good photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Aydın Tekdaş
- Gebze Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 141, Gebze, Kocaeli 41400, Turkey
| | - Ayşe G. Gürek
- Gebze Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 141, Gebze, Kocaeli 41400, Turkey
| | - Vefa Ahsen
- Gebze Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 141, Gebze, Kocaeli 41400, Turkey
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Sevim AM, Yenilmez HY, Aydemir M, Koca A, Bayır ZA. Synthesis, electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical properties of novel phthalocyanine complexes of manganese, titanium and indium. Electrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.05.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Acar İ, Arslan T, Topçu S, Aktaş A, Şen S, Serencam H. Synthesis and electrochemistry of metallophthalocyanines bearing {4-[(2E)-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]phenoxy} groups. J Organomet Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2013.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Kuznetsova NA, Shevchenko EN, Makarov DA, Slivka LK, Solovyova LI, Kaliya OL, Lukyanets EA. Synthesis and photophysicochemical studies of non-metal 2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-octacarboxyphthalocyanine. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2013. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424612501301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A new method of preparation and the properties (solubility, aggregation, spectralluminescent properties, singlet oxygen and photobleaching quantum yields) of non-metal 2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-octacarboxyphthalocyanine are reported. The influence of ionization state on photophysicochemical properties of this dye is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina A. Kuznetsova
- Organic Intermediates and Dyes Institute, B. Sadovaya ¼, Moscow 123995, Russia
| | | | - Dmitry A. Makarov
- Organic Intermediates and Dyes Institute, B. Sadovaya ¼, Moscow 123995, Russia
| | - Ludmila K. Slivka
- Organic Intermediates and Dyes Institute, B. Sadovaya ¼, Moscow 123995, Russia
| | | | - Oleg L. Kaliya
- Organic Intermediates and Dyes Institute, B. Sadovaya ¼, Moscow 123995, Russia
| | - Evgeny A. Lukyanets
- Organic Intermediates and Dyes Institute, B. Sadovaya ¼, Moscow 123995, Russia
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17
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