Bis(ferrocenylimine)palladium(II) and platinum(II) complexes: Synthesis, molecular structures and evaluation as antitumor agents

CP, Mendoza Á, Hernández Téllez G. (S)-(+)-1-(4-Bromo-phen-yl)-N-[(4-methoxyphen-yl)methyl-idene]ethyl-amine and bis-{(S)-(+)-1-(4-bromo-phen-yl)-N-[(4-methoxyphen-yl)methyl-idene]ethyl-amine-κN}di-chlorido-palladium(II)

The (S)-(+)-1-(4-bromo-phen-yl)-N-[(4-methoxyphen-yl)methyl-idene]ethyl-amine ligand, C16H16BrNO, (I), was synthesized through the reaction of 4-meth-oxy-anisaldehyde with (S)-(-)-1-(4-bromo-phen-yl)ethyl-amine. It crystallizes in the ortho-rhom-bic space group P212121 belonging to the Sohncke group, featuring a single mol-ecule in the asymmetric unit. The refinement converged successfully, achieving an R factor of 0.0508. The PdII com-plex bis-{(S)-(+)-1-(4-bromo-phen-yl)-N-[(4-methoxyphen-yl)methyl-idene]ethyl-amine-κN}di-chlorido-pal-ladium(II), [PdCl2(C16H16BrNO)2], (II), crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21 belonging to the Sohncke group, with two mol-ecules in the asymmetric unit. The central atom is tetra-coordinated by two N atoms and two Cl atoms, resulting in a square-planar configuration. The imine moieties exhibit a trans configuration around the PdII centre, with average Cl-Pd-N angles of approximately 89.95 and 90°. The average distances within the palladium com-plex for the two mol-ecules are ∼2.031 Å for Pd-N and ∼2.309 Å for Pd-Cl.

New Palladium(II) and Platinum(II) Complexes Based on Pyrrole Schiff Bases: Synthesis, Characterization, X-ray Structure, and Anticancer Activity

New palladium (Pd)II and platinum (Pt)II complexes (C1-C5) from the Schiff base ligands, R-(phenyl)methanamine (L1), R-(pyridin-2-yl)methanamine (L2), and R-(furan-2-yl)methanamine (L3) (R-(E)-N-((1H-pyrrol-2-yl) methylene)) are herein reported. The complexes (C1-C5) were characterized by FTIR, 1H and 13C NMR, UV-vis, and microanalyses. Single-crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis was performed for the two ligands (L1-L2) and a Pt complex. Both L1 and L2 belong to P21/n monoclinic and P-1 triclinic space systems, respectively. The complex C5 belongs to the P21/c monoclinic space group. The investigated molar conductivity of the complexes in DMSO gave the range 4.0-8.8 μS/cm, suggesting neutrality, with log P values ≥ 1.2692 ± 0.004, suggesting lipophilicity. The anticancer activity and mechanism of the complexes were investigated against various human cancerous (Caco-2, HeLa, HepG2, MCF-7, and PC-3) and noncancerous (MCF-12A) cell lines using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and Apopercentage assays, respectively. C5 demonstrated strong DNA-binding affinity for calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) with a binding constant of 8.049 × 104 M-1. C3 reduced cell viability of all the six cell lines, which included five cancerous cell lines, by more than 80%. The C5 complex also demonstrated remarkably high selectivity with no cytotoxic activity toward the noncancerous breast cell line but reduced the viability of the five cancerous cell lines, which included one breast cancer cell line, by more than 60%. Further studies are required to evaluate the selective toxicity of these two complexes and to fully understand their mechanism of action.

Less toxic zinc(ii), diorganotin(iv), gallium(iii) and cadmium(ii) complexes derived from 2-benzoylpyridine N,N-dimethylthiosemicarbazone: synthesis, crystal structures, cytotoxicity and investigations of mechanisms of action

Four metal complexes based on 2-benzoylpyridine N,N-dimethylthiosemicarbazone (Bp44mT) were designed. Free ligand and zinc(ii), diorganotin(iv), gallium(iii) and cadmium(ii) complexes all demonstrated pronounced activity, which was indicated using the growth inhibition test in vitro. Interestingly, most of the compounds were found to be selective against hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells but had little effect on normal hepatocyte (QSG7701) cells. In particular, Zn(Bp44mT)₂ (1) exhibited toxicity on QSG7701 cells which approximately 12-fold lower than that on HepG2 cells. The studies of mechanisms of action indicated that 1 induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in a dose-dependent manner via the mitochondria transduction pathway. Protein analyses showed that 1 significantly promoted p21 and p53 gene expression, causing caspase-3 activation.

Arene ruthenium(ii) complexes with chalcone, aminoantipyrine and aminopyrimidine based ligands: synthesis, structure and preliminary evaluation of anti-leukemia activity

A series of arene ruthenium(ii) complexes with N-monodentate (AAP) and N,O- and N,N-bidentate chelating ligands (AAPS, ADABS, AAPPA and P2P) have been synthesized and evaluated for preliminary antileukemia activity against K562 (Human chronic myeloid leukemia cell line).

Synthesis and anticancer activities of a novel class of mono- and di-metallic Pt(ii)(salicylaldiminato)(DMSO or Picolino)Cl complexes

Mono- and di-metallic Pt(ii)(salicylaldiminato)(DMSO or Picolino)Cl complexes as potential cytotoxic agents against tested human breast (MCF-7), liver (HepG2), lung (A549), colon (HCT116) and cervical (Hela) cancer cell lines.