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Neshat A, Mastrorilli P, Mousavizadeh Mobarakeh A. Recent Advances in Catalysis Involving Bidentate N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands. Molecules 2021; 27:95. [PMID: 35011327 PMCID: PMC8746573 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of persistent carbenes by the isolation of 1,3-di-l-adamantylimidazol-2-ylidene by Arduengo and coworkers, we witnessed a fast growth in the design and applications of this class of ligands and their metal complexes. Modular synthesis and ease of electronic and steric adjustability made this class of sigma donors highly popular among chemists. While the nature of the metal-carbon bond in transition metal complexes bearing N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) is predominantly considered to be neutral sigma or dative bonds, the strength of the bond is highly dependent on the energy match between the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) of the NHC ligand and that of the metal ion. Because of their versatility, the coordination chemistry of NHC ligands with was explored with almost all transition metal ions. Other than the transition metals, NHCs are also capable of establishing a chemical bond with the main group elements. The advances in the catalytic applications of the NHC ligands linked with a second tether are discussed. For clarity, more frequently targeted catalytic reactions are considered first. Carbon-carbon coupling reactions, transfer hydrogenation of alkenes and carbonyl compounds, ketone hydrosilylation, and chiral catalysis are among highly popular reactions. Areas where the efficacy of the NHC based catalytic systems were explored to a lesser extent include CO2 reduction, C-H borylation, alkyl amination, and hydroamination reactions. Furthermore, the synthesis and applications of transition metal complexes are covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdollah Neshat
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran;
| | - Piero Mastrorilli
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale, del Territorio, Edile e di Chimica, Politecnico di Bari, Via Orabona, I-70125 Bari, Italy;
| | - Ali Mousavizadeh Mobarakeh
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran;
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Botubol-Ares JM, Cordón-Ouahhabi S, Moutaoukil Z, Collado IG, Jiménez-Tenorio M, Puerta MC, Valerga P. Methylene-Linked Bis-NHC Half-Sandwich Ruthenium Complexes: Binding of Small Molecules and Catalysis toward Ketone Transfer Hydrogenation. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- José Manuel Botubol-Ares
- Departamento de Química Orgánica-INBIO, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Safa Cordón-Ouahhabi
- Departamento de Química Orgánica-INBIO, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Zakaria Moutaoukil
- Departamento de Química Orgánica-INBIO, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Isidro G. Collado
- Departamento de Química Orgánica-INBIO, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Manuel Jiménez-Tenorio
- Departamento de Ciencia de los Materiales e Ingeniería Metalúrgica y Química Inorgánica-INBIO, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - M. Carmen Puerta
- Departamento de Ciencia de los Materiales e Ingeniería Metalúrgica y Química Inorgánica-INBIO, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Pedro Valerga
- Departamento de Ciencia de los Materiales e Ingeniería Metalúrgica y Química Inorgánica-INBIO, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
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Yiğit M, Gök Y, Özeroğlu Çelikal Ö, Yiğit B. Ruthenium(II) Complexes with Chelating N-Heterocyclic Carbenes and a Ruthenate(II) Complex as Catalysts for the Anti-Markovnikov Hydroaminations of Styrene. HETEROCYCLES 2021. [DOI: 10.3987/com-21-14519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Ruthenium(II) complexes bearing N-heterocyclic carbene ligands with wingtip groups and their catalytic activity in the transfer hydrogenation of ketones. Inorganica Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2019.119199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Olguín J, Paz-Sandoval MÁ. Synthesis and transfer hydrogenation catalysis of chelating triazolylidene ruthenium(II) complexes: Effect of the pendant arm, p-cymene, acetonitrile and butadienesulfonyl co-ligands. J Organomet Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2017.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Cebollada A, Vellé A, Sanz Miguel PJ. Hirshfeld and DFT analysis of the N-heterocyclic carbene proligand methylenebis(N-butylimidazolium) as the acetonitrile-solvated diiodide salt. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C-STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY 2016; 72:456-9. [PMID: 27256692 DOI: 10.1107/s2053229616006781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
N-Heterocyclic carbene (NHC) based systems are usually exploited in the exploration of catalytic mechanisms and processes in organocatalysis, and homo- and heterogeneous catalysis. However, their molecular structures have not received adequate attention. The NHC proligand methylenebis(N-butylimidazolium) has been synthesized as the acetonitrile solvate of the diiodide salt, C15H26N4(2+)·2I(-)·CH3CN [1,1'-methylenebis(3-butylimidazolium) diiodide acetonitrile monosolvate], and fully characterized. An interesting cation-anion connection pattern has been identified in the crystal lattice, in which three iodide anions interact simultaneously with the cisoid-oriented cation. A Hirshfeld surface analysis reveals the predominance of hydrogen bonding over anion-π interactions. This particular arrangement is observed in different methylene-bridged bis(imidazolium) cations bearing chloride or bromide counter-anions. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations with acetonitrile as solvent reproduce the geometry of the title cation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Cebollada
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Alba Vellé
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Pablo J Sanz Miguel
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
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Hollering M, Weiss DT, Bitzer MJ, Jandl C, Kühn FE. Controlling Coordination Geometries: Ru–Carbene Complexes with Tetra-NHC Ligands. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:6010-7. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b00509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Hollering
- Department of Chemistry & Catalysis Research Center, Molecular Catalysis, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, D-85747 Garching bei München, Germany
- SC
XRD Laboratory, Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Ernst-Otto-Fischer-Straße 1, 85747 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Daniel T. Weiss
- Department of Chemistry & Catalysis Research Center, Molecular Catalysis, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, D-85747 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Mario J. Bitzer
- Department of Chemistry & Catalysis Research Center, Molecular Catalysis, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, D-85747 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Christian Jandl
- SC
XRD Laboratory, Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Ernst-Otto-Fischer-Straße 1, 85747 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Fritz E. Kühn
- Department of Chemistry & Catalysis Research Center, Molecular Catalysis, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, D-85747 Garching bei München, Germany
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Jiménez-Tenorio M, Puerta MC, Valerga P. Activation of Propargyl Alcohols by TpRu Complexes Bearing a Bidentate NHC Ligand. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Jiménez-Tenorio
- Departamento de Ciencia de los Materiales e Ingeniería
Metalúrgica y Quı́mica Inorgánica-INBIO,
Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - M. Carmen Puerta
- Departamento de Ciencia de los Materiales e Ingeniería
Metalúrgica y Quı́mica Inorgánica-INBIO,
Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Pedro Valerga
- Departamento de Ciencia de los Materiales e Ingeniería
Metalúrgica y Quı́mica Inorgánica-INBIO,
Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
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Schleicher D, Tronnier A, Leopold H, Borrmann H, Strassner T. Unusual dimer formation of cyclometalated ruthenium NHC p-cymene complexes. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:3260-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt00100a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstraction of a chloride ion in p-cymene ruthenium(ii) complexes bearing cyclometalated NHC ligands selectively leads to the formation of mono-ion-bridged ruthenium dimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Schleicher
- Physikalische Organische Chemie
- Technische Universität Dresden
- 01069 Dresden
- Germany
| | - Alexander Tronnier
- Physikalische Organische Chemie
- Technische Universität Dresden
- 01069 Dresden
- Germany
| | - Hendrik Leopold
- Physikalische Organische Chemie
- Technische Universität Dresden
- 01069 Dresden
- Germany
| | - Horst Borrmann
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe
- 01187 Dresden
- Germany
| | - Thomas Strassner
- Physikalische Organische Chemie
- Technische Universität Dresden
- 01069 Dresden
- Germany
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Chen C, Lu C, Zheng Q, Ni S, Zhang M, Chen W. Synthesis and structures of ruthenium-NHC complexes and their catalysis in hydrogen transfer reaction. Beilstein J Org Chem 2015; 11:1786-95. [PMID: 26664598 PMCID: PMC4660957 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.11.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Ruthenium complexes [Ru(L1)2(CH3CN)2](PF6)2 (1), [RuL1(CH3CN)4](PF6)2 (2) and [RuL2(CH3CN)3](PF6)2 (3) (L1= 3-methyl-1-(pyrimidine-2-yl)imidazolylidene, L2 = 1,3-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)benzimidazolylidene) were obtained through a transmetallation reaction of the corresponding nickel-NHC complexes with [Ru(p-cymene)2Cl2]2 in refluxing acetonitrile solution. The crystal structures of three complexes determined by X-ray analyses show that the central Ru(II) atoms are coordinated by pyrimidine- or pyridine-functionalized N-heterocyclic carbene and acetonitrile ligands displaying the typical octahedral geometry. The reaction of [RuL1(CH3CN)4](PF6)2 with triphenylphosphine and 1,10-phenanthroline resulted in the substitution of one and two coordinated acetonitrile ligands and afforded [RuL1(PPh3)(CH3CN)3](PF6)2 (4) and [RuL1(phen)(CH3CN)2](PF6)2 (5), respectively. The molecular structures of the complexes 4 and 5 were also studied by X-ray diffraction analysis. These ruthenium complexes have proven to be efficient catalysts for transfer hydrogenation of various ketones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Chunxin Lu
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China
| | - Qing Zheng
- College of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Shengliang Ni
- College of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310007, China
| | - Wanzhi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310007, China
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- ISM, Université de Bordeaux, 351 Cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Didier Astruc
- ISM, Université de Bordeaux, 351 Cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
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12
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Zhu Z, Zhang J, Fu H, Yuan M, Zheng X, Chen H, Li R. Construction of pincer-type symmetrical ruthenium(ii) complexes bearing pyridyl-2,6-pyrazolyl arms: catalytic behavior in transfer hydrogenation of ketones. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra07524b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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Naziruddin AR, Kuo CL, Lin WJ, Lo WH, Lee CS, Sun BJ, Chang AHH, Hwang WS. Ruthenium Complexes Bearing Unsymmetric CNC′ Pincer Ligands: Molecular Structures and Electronic Properties. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om500205p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Raja Naziruddin
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chia-Liang Kuo
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wan-Jung Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wei-Hao Lo
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chen-Shiang Lee
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Bian-Jian Sun
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - A. Hsiu Hwa Chang
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wen-Shu Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Tubaro C, Bertinazzo D, Monticelli M, Saoncella O, Volpe A, Basato M, Badocco D, Pastore P, Graiff C, Venzo A. Synthesis and Reactivity of Cationic Bis(N-Heterocyclic Dicarbene) Ruthenium(II) Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201301583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Naziruddin AR, Zhuang CS, Lin WJ, Hwang WS. Donor functionalized ruthenium N-heterocyclic carbene complexes in alcohol oxidation reactions. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:5335-42. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt53125b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Ruthenium chelates bearing N^C^O-donors in bidentate or pincer coordination modes have been prepared. The ruthenium pincer complex catalyses the oxidation of alcohols to the corresponding aldehydes with yields as high as 99%.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chun-Shiuan Zhuang
- Department of Chemistry
- National Dong Hwa University
- Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wan-Jung Lin
- Department of Chemistry
- National Dong Hwa University
- Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wen-Shu Hwang
- Department of Chemistry
- National Dong Hwa University
- Taiwan, Republic of China
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Naziruddin AR, Huang ZJ, Lai WC, Lin WJ, Hwang WS. Ruthenium(ii) carbonyl complexes bearing CCC-pincer bis-(carbene) ligands: synthesis, structures and activities toward recycle transfer hydrogenation reactions. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:13161-71. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt51161h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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