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Pseudo-Tetrahedral Copper(I) Symmetrical Formamidine Dithiocarbamate-Phosphine Complexes: Antibacterial, Antioxidant and Pharmacokinetics Studies. INORGANICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics10060079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Three copper(I) dithiocarbamate–phosphine complexes of the general formula Cu(PPh3)2L were synthesized by metathesis reactions of the potassium salt of the dithiocarbamate ligand L and the precursor complex Cu(PPh3)2NO3 in an equimolar ratio. L represents N,N′-bis(2,6-dimethylphenyl)formamidine dithiocarbamate L1 in complex 1, N,N′-bis(2,6-disopropylphenyl) formamidine dithiocarbamate L2 in complex 2, and N,N′-dimesitylformamidine dithiocarbamate L3 in complex 3. The single-crystal X-ray structure revealed the coordination of the copper atom to two sulfur atoms of the dithiocarbamates, as well as two phosphorus atoms of the PPh3 units, which resulted in distorted tetrahedral geometries. The calculated τ4 (tau factor) values for 1, 2 and 3 were 0.82, 0.81 and 0.85, respectively, confirming the pseudo-tetrahedral geometry proposed. Complexes 1–3 showed remarkable luminescent properties in CH2Cl2 at room temperature. All three complexes showed moderate-to-low antibacterial potential against Gram-negative bacteria, while none of the complexes were active against Gram-positive bacteria. The DPPH assay studies showed that complex 2 had the lowest IC50 (4.99 × 10−3 mM),and had higher DPPH free radical scavenging ability than 1 and 3. The pharmacological estimations of 1–3 showed that all of the complexes showed minimal violation of Lipinski’s rule.
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Copper Dithiocarbamates: Coordination Chemistry and Applications in Materials Science, Biosciences and Beyond. INORGANICS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics9090070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper dithiocarbamate complexes have been known for ca. 120 years and find relevance in biology and medicine, especially as anticancer agents and applications in materials science as a single-source precursor (SSPs) to nanoscale copper sulfides. Dithiocarbamates support Cu(I), Cu(II) and Cu(III) and show a rich and diverse coordination chemistry. Homoleptic [Cu(S2CNR2)2] are most common, being known for hundreds of substituents. All contain a Cu(II) centre, being either monomeric (distorted square planar) or dimeric (distorted trigonal bipyramidal) in the solid state, the latter being held together by intermolecular C···S interactions. Their d9 electronic configuration renders them paramagnetic and thus readily detected by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Reaction with a range of oxidants affords d8 Cu(III) complexes, [Cu(S2CNR2)2][X], in which copper remains in a square-planar geometry, but Cu–S bonds shorten by ca. 0.1 Å. These show a wide range of different structural motifs in the solid-state, varying with changes in anion and dithiocarbamate substituents. Cu(I) complexes, [Cu(S2CNR2)2]−, are (briefly) accessible in an electrochemical cell, and the only stable example is recently reported [Cu(S2CNH2)2][NH4]·H2O. Others readily lose a dithiocarbamate and the d10 centres can either be trapped with other coordinating ligands, especially phosphines, or form clusters with tetrahedral [Cu(μ3-S2CNR2)]4 being most common. Over the past decade, a wide range of Cu(I) dithiocarbamate clusters have been prepared and structurally characterised with nuclearities of 3–28, especially exciting being those with interstitial hydride and/or acetylide co-ligands. A range of mixed-valence Cu(I)–Cu(II) and Cu(II)–Cu(III) complexes are known, many of which show novel physical properties, and one Cu(I)–Cu(II)–Cu(III) species has been reported. Copper dithiocarbamates have been widely used as SSPs to nanoscale copper sulfides, allowing control over the phase, particle size and morphology of nanomaterials, and thus giving access to materials with tuneable physical properties. The identification of copper in a range of neurological diseases and the use of disulfiram as a drug for over 50 years makes understanding of the biological formation and action of [Cu(S2CNEt2)2] especially important. Furthermore, the finding that it and related Cu(II) dithiocarbamates are active anticancer agents has pushed them to the fore in studies of metal-based biomedicines.
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Oladipo SD, Tolufashe GF, Mocktar C, Omondi B. Ag(I) symmetrical N,N′-diarylformamidine dithiocarbamate PPh3 complexes: Synthesis, structural characterization, quantum chemical calculations and in vitro biological studies. Inorganica Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2021.120316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Sarker JC, Hogarth G. Dithiocarbamate Complexes as Single Source Precursors to Nanoscale Binary, Ternary and Quaternary Metal Sulfides. Chem Rev 2021; 121:6057-6123. [PMID: 33847480 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nanodimensional metal sulfides are a developing class of low-cost materials with potential applications in areas as wide-ranging as energy storage, electrocatalysis, and imaging. An attractive synthetic strategy, which allows careful control over stoichiometry, is the single source precursor (SSP) approach in which well-defined molecular species containing preformed metal-sulfur bonds are heated to decomposition, either in the vapor or solution phase, resulting in facile loss of organics and formation of nanodimensional metal sulfides. By careful control of the precursor, the decomposition environment and addition of surfactants, this approach affords a range of nanocrystalline materials from a library of precursors. Dithiocarbamates (DTCs) are monoanionic chelating ligands that have been known for over a century and find applications in agriculture, medicine, and materials science. They are easily prepared from nontoxic secondary and primary amines and form stable complexes with all elements. Since pioneering work in the late 1980s, the use of DTC complexes as SSPs to a wide range of binary, ternary, and multinary sulfides has been extensively documented. This review maps these developments, from the formation of thin films, often comprised of embedded nanocrystals, to quantum dots coated with organic ligands or shelled by other metal sulfides that show high photoluminescence quantum yields, and a range of other nanomaterials in which both the phase and morphology of the nanocrystals can be engineered, allowing fine-tuning of technologically important physical properties, thus opening up a myriad of potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagodish C Sarker
- Department of Chemistry, King's College London, Britannia House, 7 Trinity Street, London SE1 1DB, U.K.,Department of Chemistry, Jagannath University, Dhaka-1100, Bangladesh
| | - Graeme Hogarth
- Department of Chemistry, King's College London, Britannia House, 7 Trinity Street, London SE1 1DB, U.K
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On the Coordination Role of Pyridyl-Nitrogen in the Structural Chemistry of Pyridyl-Substituted Dithiocarbamate Ligands. CRYSTALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst11030286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A search of the Cambridge Structural Database was conducted for pyridyl-substituted dithiocarbamate ligands. This entailed molecules containing both an NCS2− residue and pyridyl group(s), in order to study their complexation behavior in their transition metal and main group element crystals, i.e., d- and p-block elements. In all, 73 different structures were identified with 30 distinct dithiocarbamate ligands. As a general observation, the structures of the transition metal dithiocarbamates resembled those of their non-pyridyl derivatives, there being no role for the pyridyl-nitrogen atom in coordination. While the same is true for many main group element dithiocarbamates, a far greater role for coordination of the pyridyl-nitrogen atoms was evident, in particular, for the heavier elements. The participation of pyridyl-nitrogen in coordination often leads to the formation of dimeric aggregates but also one-dimensional chains and two-dimensional arrays. Capricious behaviour in closely related species that adopted very different architectures is noted. Sometimes different molecules comprising the asymmetric-unit of a crystal behave differently. The foregoing suggests this to be an area in early development and is a fertile avenue for systematic research for probing further crystallization outcomes and for the rational generation of supramolecular architectures.
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Oladipo SD, Mocktar C, Omondi B. In vitro biological studies of heteroleptic Ag(I) and Cu(I) unsymmetrical N,N′-diarylformamidine dithiocarbamate phosphine complexes; the effect of the metal center. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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Singh AK, Yadav CL, Mishra KB, Singh SK, Gupta AN, Tiwari VK, Drew MG, Singh N. Highly efficient and recyclable pre-catalysts based on mono- and dinuclear heteroleptic Cu(I) dithio- PPh3 complexes to produce variety of glycoconjugate triazoles. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2019.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Singh A, Trivedi M, Singh P, Kociok-Köhn G, Azad UP, Singh AK, Kumar A. Copper(i) tertiary phosphine xanthate complexes as single source precursors for copper sulfide and their application in the OER. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj03992e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Three heteroleptic bis(triphenylphosphine)copper(i) methyl pyridyl xanthate complexes used as single source precursors for copper sulfide and the resulting copper sulfides have been utilized for the electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amita Singh
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Lucknow
- Lucknow 226 007
- India
| | - Manoj Trivedi
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Delhi
- Delhi
- India
| | - Pooja Singh
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Lucknow
- Lucknow 226 007
- India
| | - Gabriele Kociok-Köhn
- Chemical Characterisation and Analysis Facility (CCAF)
- University of Bath
- Bath BA2 7AY
- UK
| | - Uday Pratap Azad
- School of Materials Science and Technology
- Indian Institute of Technology
- BHU
- Varanasi
- India
| | - Ashish Kumar Singh
- School of Materials Science and Technology
- Indian Institute of Technology
- BHU
- Varanasi
- India
| | - Abhinav Kumar
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Lucknow
- Lucknow 226 007
- India
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Ferrara SJ, Wang B, Haas E, Wright LeBlanc K, Mague JT, Donahue JP. Synthesis and Structures of [LCu(I)(SSiiPr3)] (L = triphos, carbene) and Related Compounds. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:9173-7. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b02811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Skylar J. Ferrara
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5698, United States
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5698, United States
| | - Elaine Haas
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5698, United States
| | - Karry Wright LeBlanc
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5698, United States
| | - Joel T. Mague
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5698, United States
| | - James P. Donahue
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5698, United States
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A novel three-dimensional chiral (3,8,9)-connected framework: Synthesis, structure, optical band gap and photoluminescence. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2014.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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