1
|
Khadiri Y, Volkringer C, Royer S, El Kadib A, Loiseau T, Dhainaut J. Chemical shaping of CPO-27-M (M = Co, Ni) through an in situ crystallization within chitosan hydrogels. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:7717-7720. [PMID: 38967366 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc02082k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
The preparation of MOF composites is considered as an effective method to address the challenges of shaping MOFs and to create porous solids with enhanced properties and broader applications. In this study, CPO-27-Co was crystallized via a simple strategy within porous chitosan beads. The resulting CS@CPO-27-Co composites were tested for CO2 sorption and they demonstrated promising performances by exceeding 3 mmol(CO2) g-1. The versatility of this strategy was further demonstrated by replacing cobalt(II) ions with nickel(II), also leading to the isostructural CPO-27 framework.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yassine Khadiri
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France.
- Euromed University of Fes, UEMF, Morocco
| | - Christophe Volkringer
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Sébastien Royer
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | | | - Thierry Loiseau
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Jérémy Dhainaut
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang R, Wang ZY, Zhang Y, Shaheer ARM, Liu TF, Cao R. Bridging Atom Engineering for Low-Temperature Oxygen Activation in a Robust Metal-Organic Framework. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202400160. [PMID: 38523066 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202400160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Achieving active site engineering at the atomic level poses a significant challenge in the design and optimization of catalysts for energy-efficient catalytic processes, especially for a reaction with two reactants competitively absorbed on catalytic active sites. Herein, we show an example that tailoring the local environment of cobalt sites in a robust metal-organic framework through substituting the bridging atom from -Cl to -OH group leads to a highly active catalyst for oxygen activation in an oxidation reaction. Comprehensive characterizations reveal that this variation imparts drastic changes on the electronic structure of metal centers, the competitive reactant adsorption behavior, and the intermediate formation. As a result, exceptional low-temperature CO oxidation performance was achieved with T25(Temperature for 25 % conversion)=35 °C and T100 (Temperature for 100 % conversion)=150 °C, which stands out from existing MOF-based catalysts and even rivals many noble metal catalysts. This work provides a guidance for the rational design of catalysts for efficient oxygen activation for an oxidation reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structure Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zi-Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structure Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Structure Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China
| | - A R Mahammed Shaheer
- State Key Laboratory of Structure Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Tian-Fu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Structure Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Rong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Structure Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Alam N, Noor T, Iqbal N. Catalyzing Sustainable Water Splitting with Single Atom Catalysts: Recent Advances. CHEM REC 2024; 24:e202300330. [PMID: 38372409 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Electrochemical water splitting for sustainable hydrogen and oxygen production have shown enormous potentials. However, this method needs low-cost and highly active catalysts. Traditional nano catalysts, while effective, have limits since their active sites are mostly restricted to the surface and edges, leaving interior surfaces unexposed in redox reactions. Single atom catalysts (SACs), which take advantage of high atom utilization and quantum size effects, have recently become appealing electrocatalysts. Strong interaction between active sites and support in SACs have considerably improved the catalytic efficiency and long-term stability, outperforming their nano-counterparts. This review's first section examines the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (HER) and the Oxygen Evolution Reaction (OER). In the next section, SACs are categorized as noble metal, non-noble metal, and bimetallic synergistic SACs. In addition, this review emphasizes developing methodologies for effective SAC design, such as mass loading optimization, electrical structure modulation, and the critical role of support materials. Finally, Carbon-based materials and metal oxides are being explored as possible supports for SACs. Importantly, for the first time, this review opens a discussion on waste-derived supports for single atom catalysts used in electrochemical reactions, providing a cost-effective dimension to this vibrant research field. The well-known design techniques discussed here may help in development of electrocatalysts for effective water splitting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nasar Alam
- School of Chemical and Materials Engineering (SCME), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Tayyaba Noor
- School of Chemical and Materials Engineering (SCME), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Naseem Iqbal
- U.S.-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy (USPCAS-E), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Obeso JL, Flores JG, Flores CV, Huxley MT, de Los Reyes JA, Peralta RA, Ibarra IA, Leyva C. MOF-based catalysts: insights into the chemical transformation of greenhouse and toxic gases. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:10226-10242. [PMID: 37554029 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03148a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic framework (MOF)-based catalysts are outstanding alternative materials for the chemical transformation of greenhouse and toxic gases into high-add-value products. MOF catalysts exhibit remarkable properties to host different active sites. The combination of catalytic properties of MOFs is mentioned in order to understand their application. Furthermore, the main catalytic reactions, which involve the chemical transformation of CH4, CO2, NOx, fluorinated gases, O3, CO, VOCs, and H2S, are highlighted. The main active centers and reaction conditions for these reactions are presented and discussed to understand the reaction mechanisms. Interestingly, implementing MOF materials as catalysts for toxic gas-phase reactions is a great opportunity to provide new alternatives to enhance the air quality of our planet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan L Obeso
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CICATA U. Legaria, Laboratorio Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología y Gestión Integrada del Agua (LNAgua), Legaria 694, Col. Irrigación, Miguel Hidalgo, 11500, CDMX, Mexico.
- Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica y Reactividad de Superficies (LaFReS), Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, CU, Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - J Gabriel Flores
- Departamento de Ingeniería de Procesos e Hidráulica, División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, 09340, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Catalina V Flores
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CICATA U. Legaria, Laboratorio Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología y Gestión Integrada del Agua (LNAgua), Legaria 694, Col. Irrigación, Miguel Hidalgo, 11500, CDMX, Mexico.
- Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica y Reactividad de Superficies (LaFReS), Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, CU, Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Michael T Huxley
- School of Physics, Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Engineering and Technology, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - José Antonio de Los Reyes
- Departamento de Ingeniería de Procesos e Hidráulica, División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, 09340, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Ricardo A Peralta
- Departamento de Química, División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería. Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (UAM-I), 09340, Mexico.
| | - Ilich A Ibarra
- Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica y Reactividad de Superficies (LaFReS), Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, CU, Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Carolina Leyva
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CICATA U. Legaria, Laboratorio Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología y Gestión Integrada del Agua (LNAgua), Legaria 694, Col. Irrigación, Miguel Hidalgo, 11500, CDMX, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Iliescu A, Oppenheim JJ, Sun C, Dincǎ M. Conceptual and Practical Aspects of Metal-Organic Frameworks for Solid-Gas Reactions. Chem Rev 2023; 123:6197-6232. [PMID: 36802581 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
The presence of site-isolated and well-defined metal sites has enabled the use of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as catalysts that can be rationally modulated. Because MOFs can be addressed and manipulated through molecular synthetic pathways, they are chemically similar to molecular catalysts. They are, nevertheless, solid-state materials and therefore can be thought of as privileged solid molecular catalysts that excel in applications involving gas-phase reactions. This contrasts with homogeneous catalysts, which are overwhelmingly used in the solution phase. Herein, we review theories dictating gas phase reactivity within porous solids and discuss key catalytic gas-solid reactions. We further treat theoretical aspects of diffusion within confined pores, the enrichment of adsorbates, the types of solvation spheres that a MOF might impart on adsorbates, definitions of acidity/basicity in the absence of solvent, the stabilization of reactive intermediates, and the generation and characterization of defect sites. The key catalytic reactions we discuss broadly include reductive reactions (olefin hydrogenation, semihydrogenation, and selective catalytic reduction), oxidative reactions (oxygenation of hydrocarbons, oxidative dehydrogenation, and carbon monoxide oxidation), and C-C bond forming reactions (olefin dimerization/polymerization, isomerization, and carbonylation reactions).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Iliescu
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Julius J Oppenheim
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Chenyue Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Mircea Dincǎ
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Shah HUR, Ahmad K, Bashir MS, Shah SSA, Najam T, Ashfaq M. Metal organic frameworks for efficient catalytic conversion of CO2 and CO into applied products. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2021.112055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
7
|
Alqarni DS, Lee CW, Knowles GP, Vogt C, Marshall M, Gengenbach TR, Chaffee AL. Ru-zirconia catalyst derived from MIL140C for carbon dioxide conversion to methane. Catal Today 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2020.07.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
8
|
Kim SI, Kim AR, Kim SY, Lee JY, Bae YS. High styrene/ethylbenzene selectivity in a metal-organic framework with coordinatively unsaturated cobalt(II) sites. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.116758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
9
|
Metal-organic framework-based heterogeneous catalysts for the conversion of C1 chemistry: CO, CO2 and CH4. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
10
|
Research Progresses in the Preparation of Co-based Catalyst Derived from Co-MOFs and Application in the Catalytic Oxidation Reaction. CATALYSIS SURVEYS FROM ASIA 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10563-018-9258-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
11
|
Butova VV, Kirichkov MV, Budnyk AP, Guda AA, Soldatov MA, Lamberti C, Soldatov AV. A room-temperature growth of gold nanoparticles on MOF-199 and its transformation into the [Cu2(OH)(BTC)(H2O)] phase. Polyhedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
|
12
|
Ketrat S, Maihom T, Wannakao S, Probst M, Nokbin S, Limtrakul J. Coordinatively Unsaturated Metal–Organic Frameworks M3(btc)2 (M = Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn) Catalyzing the Oxidation of CO by N2O: Insight from DFT Calculations. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:14005-14012. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b02143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sombat Ketrat
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Center
for Advanced Studies in Nanotechnology for Chemical, Food and Agricultural
Industries, KU Institute for Advanced Studies, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Thana Maihom
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering,
School of Energy Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Rayong, 21210, Thailand
| | - Sippakorn Wannakao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering,
School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Michael Probst
- Institute of Ion Physics and Applied Physics, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering,
School of Energy Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Rayong, 21210, Thailand
| | - Somkiat Nokbin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Center
for Advanced Studies in Nanotechnology for Chemical, Food and Agricultural
Industries, KU Institute for Advanced Studies, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Jumras Limtrakul
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering,
School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Tu B, Pang Q, Xu H, Li X, Wang Y, Ma Z, Weng L, Li Q. Reversible Redox Activity in Multicomponent Metal–Organic Frameworks Constructed from Trinuclear Copper Pyrazolate Building Blocks. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:7998-8007. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b03578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Tu
- Department
of Chemistry, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry
for Energy Materials), and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis
and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Qingqing Pang
- Department
of Chemistry, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry
for Energy Materials), and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis
and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Huoshu Xu
- Department
of Chemistry, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry
for Energy Materials), and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis
and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Xiaomin Li
- Department
of Chemistry, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry
for Energy Materials), and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis
and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Yulin Wang
- Department
of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Ma
- Department
of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Linhong Weng
- Department
of Chemistry, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry
for Energy Materials), and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis
and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Qiaowei Li
- Department
of Chemistry, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry
for Energy Materials), and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis
and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lin A, Ibrahim AA, Arab P, El-Kaderi HM, El-Shall MS. Palladium Nanoparticles Supported on Ce-Metal-Organic Framework for Efficient CO Oxidation and Low-Temperature CO 2 Capture. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:17961-17968. [PMID: 28485981 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b03555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we report the lowest-temperature CO oxidation catalyst supported on metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). We have developed a facile, general, and effective approach based on microwave irradiation for the incorporation of Pd nanoparticle catalyst within Ce-MOF. The resulting Pd/Ce-MOF material is a unique catalyst that is capable of CO oxidation at modest temperatures and also of efficient uptake of the product CO2 gas at low temperatures. The observed catalytic activity of this material toward CO oxidation is significantly higher than those of other reported metal nanoparticles supported on MOFs. The high activity of the Pd/Ce-MOF catalyst is due to the presence of Ce(III) and Ce(IV) ions within the metal-organic framework support. The Pd nanoparticles supported on the Ce-MOF store oxygen in the form of a thin palladium oxide layer at the particle-support interface, in addition to the oxygen stored on the Ce(III)/Ce(IV) centers. Oxygen from these reservoirs can be released during CO oxidation at 373 K. At lower temperatures (273 K), the Pd/Ce-MOF has a significant CO2 uptake of 3.5 mmol/g.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Lin
- Department of Chemistry Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond, Virginia 23284-2006, United States
| | - Amr Awad Ibrahim
- Department of Chemistry Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond, Virginia 23284-2006, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University , Al-Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Pezhman Arab
- Department of Chemistry Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond, Virginia 23284-2006, United States
| | - Hani M El-Kaderi
- Department of Chemistry Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond, Virginia 23284-2006, United States
| | - M Samy El-Shall
- Department of Chemistry Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond, Virginia 23284-2006, United States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Denysenko D, Volkmer D. Cyclic gas-phase heterogeneous process in a metal–organic framework involving a nickel nitrosyl complex. Faraday Discuss 2017; 201:101-112. [DOI: 10.1039/c7fd00034k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The cubic metal–organic framework MFU-4l ([Zn5Cl4(BTDD)3], H2-BTDD = bis(1H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-b],[4′,5′-i])dibenzo[1,4]dioxin) featuring large pore apertures can be modified post-synthetically via partial or complete substitution of peripheral metal sites and chloride side-ligands, thus opening a route towards a large variety of functionalized MOFs. In this way, Ni-MFU-4l-nitrite (or Ni-MFU-4l-NO2) with an analytically determined chemical composition [Zn2.6Ni2.4(NO2)2.9Cl1.1(BTDD)3], containing accessible Ni–NO2 units, was prepared. Ni-MFU-4l-NO2 undergoes selective heterogeneous gas-phase reduction by carbon monoxide at 350 °C, leading to formation of Ni–NO units at the peripheral sites of the MFU-4l framework (Ni-MFU-4l-NO). The crystallinity and porosity of the MFU-4l framework are completely retained upon this transformation. The so-formed nickel nitrosyl complex, showing high thermal stability, readily reacts with nitrogen monoxide at room temperature, producing Ni–NO2 units and dinitrogen monoxide (N2O). Hence, the reaction of Ni-MFU-4l-NO2 with CO followed by NO represents a cyclic process with an overall stoichiometry 2NO + CO → N2O + CO2, in which the Ni-MFU-4l framework serves as a catalyst. It can be considered as a model process for the removal of highly toxic NO and CO gases, which are converted to non-toxic CO2 and N2O. Diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopic studies show that at least 10 cycles can be repeated. The framework's reactivity drops down by ca. 50% after 10 cycles, which is most likely due to the accumulation of highly reactive NO2 and N2O4 contaminants. Therefore, further investigations on characterizing reaction intermediates should be done in order to improve the catalyst's performance. Our results confirm the potential of MFU-4l frameworks as selective single-site catalysts for heterogeneous gas-phase transformations and provide a motivation for further studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D. Denysenko
- Chair of Solid State and Materials Science
- Institute of Physics
- University of Augsburg
- D-86159 Augsburg
- Germany
| | - D. Volkmer
- Chair of Solid State and Materials Science
- Institute of Physics
- University of Augsburg
- D-86159 Augsburg
- Germany
| |
Collapse
|