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Borges AP, Obata MMS, Libardi SH, Trevisan RO, Deflon VM, Abram U, Ferreira FB, Costa LAS, Patrocínio AOT, da Silva MV, Borges JC, Maia PIS. Gold(I) and Silver(I) Complexes Containing Hybrid Sulfonamide/Thiourea Ligands as Potential Leishmanicidal Agents. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:452. [PMID: 38675113 PMCID: PMC11053681 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16040452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a group of parasitic diseases with the potential to infect more than 1 billion people; however, its treatment is still old and inadequate. In order to contribute to changing this view, this work consisted of the development of complexes derived from MI metal ions with thioureas, aiming to obtain potential leishmanicidal agents. The thiourea ligands (HLR) were obtained by reactions of p-toluenesulfohydrazide with R-isothiocyanates and were used in complexation reactions with AgI and AuI, leading to the formation of complexes of composition [M(HLR)2]X (M = Ag or Au; X = NO3- or Cl-). All compounds were characterized by FTIR, 1H NMR, UV-vis, emission spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Some representatives were additionally studied by ESI-MS and single-crystal XRD. Their properties were further analyzed by DFT calculations. Their cytotoxicity on Vero cells and the extracellular leishmanicidal activity on Leishmania infantum and Leishmania braziliensis cells were evaluated. Additionally, the interaction of the complexes with the Old Yellow enzyme of the L. braziliensis (LbOYE) was examined. The biological tests showed that some compounds present remarkable leishmanicidal activity, even higher than that of the standard drug Glucantime, with different selectivity for the two species of Leishmania. Finally, the interaction studies with LbOYE revealed that this enzyme could be one of their biological targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice P. Borges
- Bioactive Compounds Development Research Group, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Av. Dr. Randolfo Borges 1400, Uberaba 38025-440, MG, Brazil;
| | - Malu M. S. Obata
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Av. Getúlio Guarita, Uberaba 38025-440, MG, Brazil; (M.M.S.O.); (R.O.T.); (M.V.d.S.)
| | - Silvia H. Libardi
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, São Carlos 13566-590, SP, Brazil; (S.H.L.); (V.M.D.); (J.C.B.)
| | - Rafael O. Trevisan
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Av. Getúlio Guarita, Uberaba 38025-440, MG, Brazil; (M.M.S.O.); (R.O.T.); (M.V.d.S.)
| | - Victor M. Deflon
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, São Carlos 13566-590, SP, Brazil; (S.H.L.); (V.M.D.); (J.C.B.)
| | - Ulrich Abram
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstr. 34/36, 14195 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Francis B. Ferreira
- Associated Faculties of Uberaba, Av. do Tutuna 720, Uberaba 38061-500, MG, Brazil;
| | - Luiz Antônio S. Costa
- Computational Chemistry Research Group, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Campus Universitário s/n Martelos, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, MG, Brazil;
| | - Antonio O. T. Patrocínio
- Laboratory of Photochemistry and Material Science, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Av. João Naves de Ávila 2121, Uberlândia 38400-902, MG, Brazil;
| | - Marcos V. da Silva
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Av. Getúlio Guarita, Uberaba 38025-440, MG, Brazil; (M.M.S.O.); (R.O.T.); (M.V.d.S.)
| | - Júlio C. Borges
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, São Carlos 13566-590, SP, Brazil; (S.H.L.); (V.M.D.); (J.C.B.)
| | - Pedro I. S. Maia
- Bioactive Compounds Development Research Group, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Av. Dr. Randolfo Borges 1400, Uberaba 38025-440, MG, Brazil;
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Cîrcu V, Ganea CP, Secu M, Manaila-Maximean D, Marinescu GC, Popescu RG, Pasuk I. Columnar Liquid Crystals of Copper(I) Complexes with Ionic Conductivity and Solid State Emission. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104196. [PMID: 37241937 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Two neutral copper(I) halide complexes ([Cu(BTU)2X], X = Cl, Br) were prepared by the reduction of the corresponding copper(II) halides (chloride or bromide) with a benzoylthiourea (BTU, N-(3,4-diheptyloxybenzoyl)-N'-(4-heptadecafluorooctylphenyl)thiourea) ligand in ethanol. The two copper(I) complexes show a very interesting combination of 2D supramolecular structures, liquid crystalline, emission, and 1D ionic conduction properties. Their chemical structure was ascribed based on ESI-MS, elemental analysis, IR, and NMR spectroscopies (1H and 13C), while the mesomorphic behavior was analyzed through a combination of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarizing optical microscopy (POM), and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). These new copper(I) complexes have mesomorphic properties and exhibit a hexagonal columnar mesophase over a large temperature range, more than 100 K, as evidenced by DSC studies and POM observations. The thermogravimetric analysis (TG) indicated a very good thermal stability of these samples up to the isotropization temperatures and over the whole temperature range of the liquid crystalline phase existence. Both complexes displayed a solid-state emission with quantum yields up to 8% at ambient temperature. The electrical properties of the new metallomesogens were investigated by variable temperature dielectric spectroscopy over the entire temperature range of the liquid crystalline phase. It was found that the liquid crystal phases favoured anhydrous proton conduction provided by the hydrogen-bonding networks formed by the NH…X moieties (X = halide or oxygen) of the benzoylthiourea ligand in the copper(I) complexes. A proton conductivity of 2.97 × 10-7 S·cm-1 was achieved at 430 K for the chloro-complex and 1.37 × 10-6 S·cm-1 at 440K for the related bromo-complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viorel Cîrcu
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, Biochemistry and Catalysis, University of Bucharest, 4-12 Regina Elisabeta Bld., Sector 5, 030018 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Constantin P Ganea
- National Institute of Materials Physics, Atomistilor 405A, 077125 Magurele, Romania
| | - Mihail Secu
- National Institute of Materials Physics, Atomistilor 405A, 077125 Magurele, Romania
| | - Doina Manaila-Maximean
- Department of Physics, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Spl. Independentei, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 3 Ilfov Str., 050094 Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Roua Gabriela Popescu
- Asociația Independent Research, 58 Timișului, Sector 1, 012416 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 91-95 Spl. Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Iuliana Pasuk
- National Institute of Materials Physics, Atomistilor 405A, 077125 Magurele, Romania
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Perspectives on the Structural Design and Luminescent Behavior of Liquid Crystalline Materials Based on Copper(I) Complexes. CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/chemistry5010046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper provides insight into the various studies that have been carried out to date on liquid crystalline materials based on copper(I) complexes. Although the study of copper(I) complexes with respect to their liquid crystalline property is quite limited, metallomesogens prepared with different structural components and ligands from groups such as azamacrocycles, alkythiolates, ethers, isocyanides, phenanthroline, Schiff bases, pyrazolates, phosphines, biquinolines, and benzoylthioureas are reported and summarized in this review. A special section is dedicated to the discussion of emission properties of copper(I) metallomesogens.
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Transition Metal Complexes of Thiosemicarbazides, Thiocarbohydrazides, and Their Corresponding Carbazones with Cu(I), Cu(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Pd(II), and Ag(I)-A Review. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041808. [PMID: 36838796 PMCID: PMC9962565 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on some interesting and recent applications of transition metals towards the complexation of thiosemicarbazides, thiocarbohydrazides, and their corresponding carbazones. We started the review with a description of the chosen five metals, including Cu[Cu(I), Cu(II], Co(II), Ni(II), Pd(II), and Ag(I) and their electronic configurations. The stability of the assigned complexes was also discussed. We shed light on different routes describing the synthesis of these ligands. We also reported on different examples of the synthesis of Cu(I), Cu(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Ag(I), and Pd(II) of thiosemicarbazide and thiocarbohydrazide complexes (until 2022). This review also deals with a summary of the fruitful use of metal complexes of thiosemicarbazones and thiocarbazones ligands in the field of catalysis. Finally, this recent review focuses on the applications of these complexes related to their biological importance.
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Albino SL, da Silva Moura WC, dos Reis MML, Sousa GLS, da Silva PR, de Oliveira MGC, Borges TKDS, Albuquerque LFF, de Almeida SMV, de Lima MDCA, Kuckelhaus SAS, Nascimento IJDS, Junior FJBM, da Silva TG, de Moura RO. ACW-02 an Acridine Triazolidine Derivative Presents Antileishmanial Activity Mediated by DNA Interaction and Immunomodulation. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:204. [PMID: 37259353 PMCID: PMC9967605 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study proposed the synthesis of a novel acridine derivative not yet described in the literature, chemical characterization by NMR, MS, and IR, followed by investigations of its antileishmanial potential. In vitro assays were performed to assess its antileishmanial activity against L. amazonensis strains and cytotoxicity against macrophages through MTT assay and annexin V-FITC/PI, and the ability to perform an immunomodulatory action using CBA. To investigate possible molecular targets, its interaction with DNA in vitro and in silico targets were evaluated. As results, the compound showed good antileishmanial activity, with IC50 of 6.57 (amastigotes) and 94.97 (promastigotes) µg mL-1, associated with non-cytotoxicity to macrophages (CC50 > 256.00 µg mL-1). When assessed by flow cytometry, 99.8% of macrophages remained viable. The compound induced an antileishmanial effect in infected macrophages and altered TNF-α, IL-10 and IL-6 expression, suggesting a slight immunomodulatory activity. DNA assay showed an interaction with the minor grooves due to the hyperchromic effect of 47.53% and Kb 1.17 × 106 M-1, and was sustained by docking studies. Molecular dynamics simulations and MM-PBSA calculations propose cysteine protease B as a possible target. Therefore, this study demonstrates that the new compound is a promising molecule and contributes as a model for future works.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonaly Lima Albino
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Inovação Terapêutica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, Brazil
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento e Síntese de Fármacos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, Brazil
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, Brazil
| | - Willian Charles da Silva Moura
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento e Síntese de Fármacos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, Brazil
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, Brazil
| | - Malu Maria Lucas dos Reis
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento e Síntese de Fármacos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, Brazil
| | - Gleyton Leonel Silva Sousa
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento e Síntese de Fármacos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, Brazil
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Química, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica 23890-000, Brazil
| | - Pablo Rayff da Silva
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Produtos Naturais, Sintéticos e Bioativos, Universidade Federal da Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, Brazil
| | | | - Tatiana Karla dos Santos Borges
- Laboratório de Imunologia Celular, Área de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Lucas Fraga Friaça Albuquerque
- Laboratório de Imunologia Celular, Área de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
| | | | - Maria do Carmo Alves de Lima
- Laboratório de Química e Inovação Terapêutica, Departamento de Antibióticos, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Selma Aparecida Souza Kuckelhaus
- Área de Morfologia, Faculdade de Medicina—UnB, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Darcy Ribeiro/Asa Norte, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Igor José dos Santos Nascimento
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento e Síntese de Fármacos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, Brazil
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ricardo Olímpio de Moura
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento e Síntese de Fármacos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, Brazil
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, Brazil
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Souza RAC, Cunha VL, de Souza JH, Martins CHG, Franca EDF, Pivatto M, Ellena JA, Faustino LA, Patrocinio AODT, Deflon VM, Maia PIDS, Oliveira CG. Zinc(II) complexes bearing N,N,S ligands: Synthesis, crystal structure, spectroscopic analysis, molecular docking and biological investigations about its antifungal activity. J Inorg Biochem 2022; 237:111995. [PMID: 36152470 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2022.111995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, the synthesis, characterization, antifungal activity, molecular docking study and in silico approach of five thiosemicarbazone derivatives and their corresponding zinc(II) complexes are described. The compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, UV-Vis and NMR spectroscopic measurements, molar conductivity measurements, emission spectra, high-resolution mass spectrometry and X ray study. The antifungal activity of the free ligands and synthesized compounds was preliminarily evaluated against Candida albicans (ATCC 90028), Candida tropicalis (ATCC 13803) and Candida glabrata (ATCC 2001), by the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay. Two complexes, 4 (MIC = 3.18 to 6.37 μM) and 5 (MIC = 25.95 μM for all) showed promising results, being highly active against all strains evaluated. The X-ray analyses shown that the complex 2 crystallizes in the centrosymmetric space group P21/c of the monoclinic system and the coordination sphere around zinc(II) atom is better described as slightly distorted octahedral. The Hirshfeld surface (HS) analysis showed that non-classical H···H and C···H/H···C contacts contribute with 65.9% while the S···H and N···H (21%) and Cl···H and O···H interactions (12%) complete the HS area. The molecular docking results, performed against CYP51 enzyme (sterol 14α-demethylase) of C. albicans and C. glabrata shows that the complexes 4 (ΔG = -10.75 and - 12.90 kcal/ mol) and 5 (ΔG = -11.12 and - 14.53 kcal/ mol) showed the highest binding free energies of all compounds. The ADME-Tox (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity) in silico parameters evaluated showed promising results for all compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael A C Souza
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlandia, 38400-902 Uberlandia, MG, Brazil
| | - Vito L Cunha
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlandia, 38400-902 Uberlandia, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Carlos H G Martins
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlandia, 38408-100 Uberlandia, MG, Brazil
| | - Eduardo de F Franca
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlandia, 38400-902 Uberlandia, MG, Brazil
| | - Marcos Pivatto
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlandia, 38400-902 Uberlandia, MG, Brazil
| | - Javier A Ellena
- Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Leandro A Faustino
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlandia, 38400-902 Uberlandia, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Victor M Deflon
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Pedro Ivo da S Maia
- Departament of Chemistry, Federal University of the Triângulo Mineiro, 38025-440 Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - Carolina G Oliveira
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlandia, 38400-902 Uberlandia, MG, Brazil.
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Tudor CA, Iliş M, Secu M, Ferbinteanu M, Cîrcu V. Luminescent heteroleptic copper(I) complexes with phosphine and N-benzoyl thiourea ligands: Synthesis, structure and emission properties. Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2021.115542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Possato B, Dalmolin LF, Pereira LM, Alves JQ, Silva RTC, Gelamo RV, Yatsuda AP, Lopez RFV, de Albuquerque S, Leite NB, Maia PIDS. Gold(III) complexes with thiosemicarbazonate ligands as potential anticancer agents: Cytotoxicity and interactions with biomolecular targets. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 162:105834. [PMID: 33826936 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2021.105834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Gold(III) complexes have been studied for the past years due to their anticancer properties and great affinity to biotargets, such as enzymes and proteins, which support their pharmacological applications. Within this scope, in this work the antiproliferative activities of two Au(III)-thiosemicarbazonate complexes, [AuClL1] (1, L1: (E,Z)-N-ethyl-N'-(3-nitroso-kN)butan-2-ylidene)carbamohydrazonothioato-k2N2,S) and [Au(Hdamp)L2]Cl (2, L2: N-(N'',N''-diethylaminothiocarbonyl)-N'(N''', N'''-dimethylcarbothioamide)benzamidineto-kN,k2S and Hdamp: 2-(N,N-dimethylaminomethyl)-phenyl-C1), and their affinities to possible biological targets were investigated. Three different tumor cell lines were used to perform the cytotoxicity assays, including one cisplatin-resistant model, and the results showed lower EC50 for 1 over 2 in every case: B16F10 (4.1 μM and 15.6 μM), A431 (4.0 μM and >50 μM) and OVCAR3 (4.2 μM and 24.5 μM). However, a lower toxicity to fibroblast 3T3 cell line was observed for 2 (30.58 μM) when compared to 1 (7.17 μM), resulting in comparable therapeutic indexes. Both complexes presented strong affinity to HSA: they distorted the secondary structure of the protein, as verified by circular dichroism, but 1 additionally presented the apparent fluorescence quenching constant (Kapp) ten times greater than 2, which was probably due to the fact of 1 being able to denature HSA. The ethidium bromide displacement assay showed that neither 1 nor 2 are strong DNA intercalators, which is in agreement with what was observed through the UV-vis titration. In both cases, the 260 nm band presented hyperchromism, which can indicate ionic interactions or DNA damage. In fact, 1 was able to damage the pGEM plasmid, similarly to cisplatin, as verified by agarose gel electrophoresis and Atomic Force Microscopy. Biophysical studies in cancer cells model membranes were also performed in order to investigate the interaction of the gold complexes to lipid bilayers and revealed that the compounds interact with the membranes by exhibiting partition coefficients of 103 order of magnitude. Overall, both complexes were found to be promising candidates for the development of a future anticancer drug against low sensitive or cisplatin resistant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Possato
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Luciana Falcco Dalmolin
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Luiz Miguel Pereira
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | | | - Rogerio Valentim Gelamo
- Instituto de Ciências Tecnológicas e Exatas, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brazil
| | - Ana Patrícia Yatsuda
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Sérgio de Albuquerque
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Natália Bueno Leite
- Núcleo de Desenvolvimento de Compostos Bioativos (NDCBio), Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brazil.
| | - Pedro Ivo da Silva Maia
- Núcleo de Desenvolvimento de Compostos Bioativos (NDCBio), Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brazil.
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Bahojb Noruzi E, Kheirkhahi M, Shaabani B, Geremia S, Hickey N, Asaro F, Nitti P, Kafil HS. Design of a Thiosemicarbazide-Functionalized Calix[4]arene Ligand and Related Transition Metal Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Studies. Front Chem 2019; 7:663. [PMID: 31649917 PMCID: PMC6794423 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we synthesized a new thiosemicarbazide-functionalized calix[4]arene L and its Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+ transition metal complexes. For characterization several techniques were employed: Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), 13C-NMR, 15N-NMR, correlation spectroscopy (COZY), nuclear Overhauser enhancement spectroscopy (NOESY), electrospray ionization (ESI)-mass spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and elemental analysis. To explore the capability of the thiosemicarbazide function hosted on a calix[4]arene scaffold for growth inhibition of bacteria, fungi, and cancerous tumor cells, a series of biological evaluations were performed. For L, the antimicrobial tests revealed a higher antibacterial activity against gram-positive Bacillus subtilis and a lower activity against gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa), whereas the gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus shows resistance. All examined metal derivatives show an enhancement of the antibacterial activity against gram-negative E. coli bacteria, with a more significant improvement for the Ni2+ and Zn2+ complexes. MTT assays showed a considerable in vitro anticancer activity of Co2+, Ni2+, and Cu2+ complexes against Saos-2 bone cancer cell lines. The activity is ascribable to the inorganic ions rather than calixarene ligand. Hemolysis assay results demonstrated that all compounds have high blood compatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Bahojb Noruzi
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahsa Kheirkhahi
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behrouz Shaabani
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Silvano Geremia
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Neal Hickey
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Fioretta Asaro
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Patrizia Nitti
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Hossein Samadi Kafil
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Carneiro ZA, Lima JC, Lopes CD, Gaspari APS, de Albuquerque S, Dinelli LR, Veloso-Silva LLW, Paganelli MO, Libardi SH, Oliveira CG, Deflon VM, Oliveira RJ, Borges JC, Maia PIS. Heterobimetallic nickel(II) and palladium(II) complexes derived from S-benzyl-N- (ferrocenyl)methylenedithiocarbazate: Trypanocidal activity and interaction with Trypanosoma cruzi Old Yellow Enzyme (TcOYE). Eur J Med Chem 2019; 180:213-223. [PMID: 31306908 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Reactions of Ni(II) and Pd(II) precursors with S-benzyl-N-(ferrocenyl)methylenedithiocarbazate (HFedtc) led to the formation of heterobimetallic complexes of the type [MII(Fedtc)2] (M = Ni and Pd). The characterization of the compounds involved the determination of melting point, FTIR, UV-Vis, 1H NMR, elemental analysis and electrochemical experiments. Furthermore, the crystalline structures of HFedtc and [NiII(Fedtc)2] were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The compounds were evaluated against the intracellular form of Trypanosoma cruzi (Tulahuen Lac-Z strain) and the cytotoxicity assays were assessed using LLC-MK2 cells. The results showed that the coordination of HFedtc to Ni(II) or Pd(II) decreases the in vitro trypanocidal activity while the cytotoxicity against LLC-MK2 cells does not change significantly. [PdII(Fedtc)2] showed the greater potential between the two complexes studied, showing an SI value of 8.9. However, this value is not better than that of the free ligand with an SI of 40, a similar value to that of the standard drug benznidazole (SI = 48). Additionally, molecular docking simulations were performed with Trypanosoma cruzi Old Yellow Enzyme (TcOYE), which predicted that HFedtc binds to the protein, almost parallel to the flavin mononucleotide (FMN) prosthetic group, while the [NiII(Fedtc)2] complex was docked into the enzyme binding site in a significantly different manner. In order to confirm the hypothetical interaction, in vitro experiments of fluorescence quenching and enzymatic activity were performed which indicated that, although HFedtc was not processed by the enzyme, it was able to act as a competitive inhibitor, blocking the hydride transfer from the FMN prosthetic group of the enzyme to the menadione substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zumira A Carneiro
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto - FCFRP-USP, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n, 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Jackelinne C Lima
- Núcleo de Desenvolvimento de Compostos Bioativos (NDCBio), Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Av. Dr. Randolfo Borges 1400, 38025-440, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - Carla D Lopes
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto - FCFRP-USP, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n, 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana P S Gaspari
- Instituto Federal do Paraná - Campus Paranavaí, Av. José Felipe Tequinha, 1400, 87703-536, Paranavaí, PR, Brazil
| | - Sergio de Albuquerque
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto - FCFRP-USP, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n, 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Luis R Dinelli
- Faculdade de Ciências Integrada do Pontal, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Rua vinte, 1600, 38304-402, Ituiutaba, MG, Brazil
| | - Laudimir L W Veloso-Silva
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, P.O. Box 780, 13560-970, Brazil
| | - Marcella O Paganelli
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, P.O. Box 780, 13560-970, Brazil
| | - Silvia H Libardi
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, P.O. Box 780, 13560-970, Brazil
| | - Carolina G Oliveira
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. João Naves de Ávila 2121, 38400-902, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Victor M Deflon
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, P.O. Box 780, 13560-970, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo J Oliveira
- Núcleo de Desenvolvimento de Compostos Bioativos (NDCBio), Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Av. Dr. Randolfo Borges 1400, 38025-440, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - Júlio C Borges
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, P.O. Box 780, 13560-970, Brazil
| | - Pedro I S Maia
- Núcleo de Desenvolvimento de Compostos Bioativos (NDCBio), Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Av. Dr. Randolfo Borges 1400, 38025-440, Uberaba, MG, Brazil.
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