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Knodel AL, Lozada IB, Ortiz RJ, Williams JAG, Herbert DE. Switching on emission in Zn(II) coordination complexes by tempering N amido character. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:3515-3518. [PMID: 38323777 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc06227a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
A series of four-coordinate zinc(II) complexes is presented in which the amido vs. imino character of a ligated nitrogen donor correlates to the luminescence intensity. DFT analysis points to a distinct mechanism for this trend wherein emission can be switched on by restricting non-radiative decay pathways through the resonance-induced delocalization of amido ligand lone-pairs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy L Knodel
- Department of Chemistry and the Manitoba Institute for Materials, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Canada.
| | - Issiah B Lozada
- Department of Chemistry and the Manitoba Institute for Materials, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Canada.
| | - Robert J Ortiz
- Department of Chemistry and the Manitoba Institute for Materials, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Canada.
| | | | - David E Herbert
- Department of Chemistry and the Manitoba Institute for Materials, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Canada.
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2
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Lozada IB, Braun JD, Williams JAG, Herbert DE. Yellow-Emitting, Pseudo-Octahedral Zinc Complexes of Benzannulated N^N^O Pincer-Type Ligands. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:17568-17578. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Issiah B. Lozada
- Department of Chemistry and the Manitoba Institute for Materials, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, ManitobaR3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Jason D. Braun
- Department of Chemistry and the Manitoba Institute for Materials, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, ManitobaR3T 2N2, Canada
| | | | - David E. Herbert
- Department of Chemistry and the Manitoba Institute for Materials, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, ManitobaR3T 2N2, Canada
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3
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Nemez DB, Lozada IB, Braun JD, Williams JAG, Herbert DE. Synthesis and Coordination Chemistry of a Benzannulated Bipyridine: 6,6'-Biphenanthridine. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:13386-13398. [PMID: 35972335 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, characterization, and coordination chemistry of a doubly π-extended bipyridine analogue, 6,6'-biphenanthridine (biphe), is presented. The structure of the molecule has been determined in the solid state by X-ray diffraction, showing an angle of 72.6° between the phenanthridine planes. The free, uncoordinated organic molecule displays blue fluorescence in solution. It can be singly protonated with strong acids, and the protonated form displays more intense yellow emission. The effect of acid on the excited states is interpreted with the aid of TDDFT calculations. Two Ru(II) coordination complexes, tris(6,6'-biphenanthridine)ruthenium(II) dichloride, [Ru(biphe)3]Cl2, and bis(2,2'-bipyridine)(6,6'-biphenanthridine)ruthenium(II) tetraphenylborate, [Ru(bpy)2(biphe)](BPh4)2, are also reported and their structures determined in the solid state by X-ray diffraction. Both complexes display emission at 77 K that is strongly bathochromically shifted by almost 200 nm compared to that of the archetypal 3MLCT emitter [Ru(bpy)3]2+. Such a red shift is consistent with the more extended conjugation and lower-energy π* orbitals associated with the biphe ligand, lowering the energy of the 3MLCT excited state, as revealed by TDDFT calculations. The efficient non-radiative decay that is typical of such low-energy emitters renders the phosphorescence extremely weak and short-lived at ambient temperature, and rapid ligand photodissociation also competes with radiative decay, especially in the heteroleptic complex. Electrochemical analysis illustrates the effect of biphe's stabilized vacant π* manifold, with multiple reversible reductions evident at much less negative potentials than those observed for [Ru(bpy)3]2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dion B Nemez
- Department of Chemistry and the Manitoba Institute for Materials, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Issiah B Lozada
- Department of Chemistry and the Manitoba Institute for Materials, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Jason D Braun
- Department of Chemistry and the Manitoba Institute for Materials, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | | | - David E Herbert
- Department of Chemistry and the Manitoba Institute for Materials, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
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4
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Lozada IB, Williams JAG, Herbert DE. Platinum( ii) complexes of benzannulated N ∧N −∧O-amido ligands: bright orange phosphors with long-lived excited states. Inorg Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qi01120k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Benzannulated N∧N−∧O-chelating ligands enable facile formation of remarkably bright orange-emitting Pt(ii) phosphors with very long-lived excited states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Issiah B. Lozada
- Department of Chemistry and the Manitoba Institute for Materials, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | | | - David E. Herbert
- Department of Chemistry and the Manitoba Institute for Materials, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Canada
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5
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Sidhu BK, Braun JD, Herbert DE. P–C Bond Activation and Transfer of a Diphenylphosphino Unit from 1,1′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene: Unexpected Templated Synthesis of an N ∧N –∧P Pincer Ligand Palladium Complex. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Baldeep K. Sidhu
- Department of Chemistry and the Manitoba Institute for Materials, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Jason D. Braun
- Department of Chemistry and the Manitoba Institute for Materials, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - David E. Herbert
- Department of Chemistry and the Manitoba Institute for Materials, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
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6
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Mondal R, Ortiz RJ, Braun JD, Herbert DE. Synthesis, characterization, and coordination chemistry of a phenanthridine-containing N-heterocyclic carbene ligand. CAN J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2020-0333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
An N-heterocyclic carbene ligand precursor bearing a π-extended phenanthridine (3,4-benzoquinoline) unit is presented. The proligand was isolated as the imidazolium salt of chloride (1•HCl), bromide (1•HBr), or hexafluorophosphate (1•HPF6) counterions. These salts can be deprotonated and the carbene installed on silver centres using Ag2O as both a base and a source of metal ion. The resulting Ag(I) complex (1)AgCl can be used in a transmetalation reaction to generate a Pd(II) coordination complex (1)Pd(CH3CN)Cl2. The characterization and photophysical properties of these complexes is presented, along with a demonstration of the utility of (1)Pd(CH3CN)Cl2 in mediating a catalytic C-N cross-coupling reaction for the preparation of the pharmaceutical Piribedil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajarshi Mondal
- Department of Chemistry and the Manitoba Institute for Materials, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and the Manitoba Institute for Materials, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Robert J. Ortiz
- Department of Chemistry and the Manitoba Institute for Materials, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and the Manitoba Institute for Materials, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Jason D. Braun
- Department of Chemistry and the Manitoba Institute for Materials, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and the Manitoba Institute for Materials, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - David E. Herbert
- Department of Chemistry and the Manitoba Institute for Materials, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and the Manitoba Institute for Materials, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
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Braun JD, Gray PA, Sidhu BK, Nemez DB, Herbert DE. Zn-Templated synthesis of substituted (2,6-diimine)pyridine proligands and evaluation of their iron complexes as anolytes for flow battery applications. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:16175-16183. [PMID: 32301445 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt00543f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Pseudo-octahedral iron complexes supported by tridentate N^N^N-binding, redox 'non-innocent' diiminepyridine (DIP) ligands exhibit multiple reversible ligand-based reductions that suggest the potential application of these complexes as anolytes in redox flow batteries (RFBs). When bearing aryl groups at the imine nitrogens, substitution at the 4-position can be used to tune these redox potentials and impact other properties relevant to RFB applications, such as solubility and stability over extended cycling. DIP ligands bearing electron-withdrawing groups (EWGs) in this position, however, can be challenging to isolate via typical condensation routes involving para-substituted anilines and 2,6-diacetylpyridine. In this work, we demonstrate a high-yielding Zn-templated synthesis of DIP ligands bearing strong EWGs. The synthesis and electrochemical characterization of iron(ii) complexes of these ligands is also described, along with properties relevant to their potential application as RFB anolytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason D Braun
- Department of Chemistry and the Manitoba Institute for Materials, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada.
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Kuchuk EA, Mankaev BN, Serova VA, Zaitsev KV, Churakov AV, Oprunenko YF, Zaitseva GS, Karlov SS. New dialkylenetriamine zinc complexes as highly efficient ROP catalysts. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2020.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Gaire S, Ortiz RJ, Schrage BR, Lozada IB, Mandapati P, Osinski AJ, Herbert DE, Ziegler CJ. (8-Amino)quinoline and (4-Amino)phenanthridine Complexes of Re(CO) 3 Halides. J Organomet Chem 2020; 921. [PMID: 32831401 DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2020.121338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In this report, we present a study on the synthesis, structure, and electronics of a series of (8-amino)quinoline and (4-amino)phenanthridine complexes of Re(CO)3X, where X = Cl and Br. In all cases, the (amino)heterocycles bind as bidentate ligands, with surprisingly symmetric modes of binding based on Re-N bond lengths. Between the complexes of (8-amino)quinolines and (4-amino)phenanthridines studied in this report, we do not observe much structural variation, and remarkably similar UV-visible absorption spectra. Expansion of the π-system in the (4-amino)phenanthridine complexes does result in an increase in the intensity of the lowest energy transitions (λmax), which computational modeling suggests are more purely MLCT in character compared with the mixed π-π*/MLCT character of these transitions in the smaller (8-amino)quinoline-supported complexes. DFT and TDDFT modeling further showed that consideration of spin-orbit coupling (SOC) is essential; omitting SOC misses the π-π* contributions to λmax and is unable to accurately model the observed electronic absorption spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Gaire
- Department of Chemistry, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44312-3601, United States
| | - Robert J Ortiz
- Department of Chemistry and the Manitoba Institute for Materials, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Briana R Schrage
- Department of Chemistry, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44312-3601, United States
| | - Issiah B Lozada
- Department of Chemistry and the Manitoba Institute for Materials, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Pavan Mandapati
- Department of Chemistry and the Manitoba Institute for Materials, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Allen J Osinski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44312-3601, United States
| | - David E Herbert
- Department of Chemistry and the Manitoba Institute for Materials, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Canada
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Synthesis, luminescence studies and structural characterization of new Co(II) and Cu(II) complexes based on phenanthridine as a ligand. Inorganica Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2020.119553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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11
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Mandapati P, Braun JD, Sidhu BK, Wilson G, Herbert DE. Catalytic C–H Bond Alkylation of Azoles with Alkyl Halides Mediated by Nickel(II) Complexes of Phenanthridine-Based N^N–^N Pincer Ligands. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pavan Mandapati
- Department of Chemistry and the Manitoba Institute of Materials, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Jason D. Braun
- Department of Chemistry and the Manitoba Institute of Materials, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Baldeep K. Sidhu
- Department of Chemistry and the Manitoba Institute of Materials, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Gabrielle Wilson
- Department of Chemistry and the Manitoba Institute of Materials, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - David E. Herbert
- Department of Chemistry and the Manitoba Institute of Materials, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
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Lozada IB, Huang B, Stilgenbauer M, Beach T, Qiu Z, Zheng Y, Herbert DE. Monofunctional platinum(ii) anticancer complexes based on multidentate phenanthridine-containing ligand frameworks. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:6557-6560. [DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01275k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Pt(ii) complexes supported by chelating, multidentate ligands containing phenanthridine heterocycles are reported and shown to exhibit a superior in vitro therapeutic index compared with phenanthriplatin and cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Issiah B. Lozada
- Department of Chemistry and the Manitoba Institute for Materials
- University of Manitoba
- Winnipeg
- Canada
| | - Bin Huang
- Department of Chemistry and the Manitoba Institute for Materials
- University of Manitoba
- Winnipeg
- Canada
| | | | - Travis Beach
- Department of Chemistry
- Kent State University
- Kent
- USA
| | - Zihan Qiu
- Department of Chemistry
- Kent State University
- Kent
- USA
| | | | - David E. Herbert
- Department of Chemistry and the Manitoba Institute for Materials
- University of Manitoba
- Winnipeg
- Canada
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