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Kokkosi A, Garofallidou E, Zacharopoulos N, Tsoureas N, Diamanti K, Thomaidis NS, Cheilari A, Machalia C, Emmanouilidou E, Philippopoulos AI. Ruthenium p-Cymene Complexes Incorporating Substituted Pyridine-Quinoline-Based Ligands: Synthesis, Characterization, and Cytotoxic Properties. Molecules 2024; 29:3215. [PMID: 38999167 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29133215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Organometallic complexes of the formula [Ru(N^N)(p-cymene)Cl][X] (N^N = bidentate polypyridyl ligands, p-cymene = 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-benzene, X = counter anion), are currently studied as possible candidates for the potential treatment of cancer. Searching for new organometallic compounds with good to moderate cytotoxic activities, a series of mononuclear water-soluble ruthenium(II)-arene complexes incorporating substituted pyridine-quinoline ligands, with pending -CH2OH, -CO2H and -CO2Me groups in the 4-position of quinoline ring, were synthesized, for the first time, to study their possible effect to modulate the activity of the ruthenium p-cymene complexes. These include the [Ru(η6-p-cymene)(pqhyme)Cl][X] (X = Cl- (1-Cl), PF6- (1-PF6), pqhyme = 4-hydroxymethyl-2-(pyridin-2-yl)quinoline), [Ru(η6-p-cymene)(pqca)Cl][Cl] ((2-Cl), pqca = 4-carboxy-2-(pyridin-2-yl)quinoline), and [Ru(η6-p-cymene)(pqcame)Cl][X] (X = Cl- (3-Cl), PF6- (3-PF6), pqcame = 4-carboxymethyl-2-(pyridin-2-yl)quinoline) complexes, respectively. Identification of the complexes was based on multinuclear NMR and ATR-IR spectroscopic methods, elemental analysis, conductivity measurements, UV-Vis spectroscopic, and ESI-HRMS techniques. The solid-state structures of 1-PF6 and 3-PF6 have been elucidated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction revealing a three-legged piano stool geometry. This is the first time that the in vitro cytotoxic activities of these complexes are studied. These were conducted in HEK293T (human embryonic kidney cells) and HeLa cells (cervical cancer cells) via the MTT assay. The results show poor in vitro anticancer activities for the HeLa cancer cell lines and 3-Cl proved to be the most potent (IC50 > 80 μΜ). In both cell lines, the cytotoxicity of the ligand precursor pqhyme is significantly higher than that of cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afroditi Kokkosi
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Elpida Garofallidou
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Zacharopoulos
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Tsoureas
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantina Diamanti
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos S Thomaidis
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Antigoni Cheilari
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Machalia
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelia Emmanouilidou
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Athanassios I Philippopoulos
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
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Peppas A, Sokalis D, Perganti D, Schnakenburg G, Falaras P, Philippopoulos A. Sterically demanding pyridine-quinoline anchoring ligands as building blocks for copper(I)-based dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) complexes. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:15049-15066. [DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02382b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The Pfitzinger condensation reaction was employed to synthesise N^N sterically demanding ligands bearing carboxylic acid anchoring groups, namely 2,2΄-pyridyl-quinoline-4-carboxylic acid (pqca); 6'-methyl-2,2΄-pyridyl-quinoline-4-carboxylic acid (6'-Mepqca); 8-methyl-2,2΄-pyridyl-quinoline-4-carboxylic acid (8-Mepqca) and 8,6'-dimethyl-2,2΄-pyridyl-quinoline-4-carboxylic acid...
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Shekhovtsov N, Kokina TE, Vinogradova KA, Panarin AY, Rakhmanova MI, Naumov DY, Pervukhina NV, Nikolaenkova EB, Krivopalov VP, Czerwieniec R, Bushuev MB. Near-infrared emitting copper(I) complexes with a pyrazolylpyrimidine ligand: exploring relaxation pathways. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:2898-2911. [DOI: 10.1039/d1dt04325k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mononuclear copper(I) complexes [CuL2]I (1), [CuL2]2[Cu2I4]·2MeCN (2) and [CuL2]PF6 (3) with a new chelating pyrazolylpyrimidine ligand, 2-(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-4,6-diphenylpyrimidine (L), were synthesized. In the structures of complex cations [CuL2]+, Cu+ ions coordinate...
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Poddel'sky AI, Smolyaninov IV, Druzhkov NO, Fukin GK. Heterometallic antimony(V)-zinc and antimony(V)-copper complexes comprising catecholate and diazadiene as redox active centers. J Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2021.121994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Obi AD, Freeman LA, Dickie DA, Gilliard RJ. N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Mediated Ring Opening of Reduced Diazamagnesacycles. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Akachukwu D. Obi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, 409 McCormick Road, PO Box 400319, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Lucas A. Freeman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, 409 McCormick Road, PO Box 400319, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Diane A. Dickie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, 409 McCormick Road, PO Box 400319, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Robert J. Gilliard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, 409 McCormick Road, PO Box 400319, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
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Mukherjee A, Basu S, Bhattacharya S. Copper complexes of 1,4-diazabutadiene ligands: Tuning of metal oxidation state and, application in catalytic C-C and C-N bond formation. Inorganica Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2019.119228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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