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Andrejević TP, Aleksic I, Kljun J, Počkaj M, Zlatar M, Vojnovic S, Nikodinovic-Runic J, Turel I, Djuran MI, Glišić BĐ. Copper(ii) and silver(i) complexes with dimethyl 6-(pyrazine-2-yl)pyridine-3,4-dicarboxylate (py-2pz): the influence of the metal ion on the antimicrobial potential of the complex. RSC Adv 2023; 13:4376-4393. [PMID: 36744286 PMCID: PMC9890663 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra07401j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Dimethyl 6-(pyrazine-2-yl)pyridine-3,4-dicarboxylate (py-2pz) was used as a ligand for the synthesis of new copper(ii) and silver(i) complexes, [CuCl2(py-2pz)]2 (1), [Cu(CF3SO3)(H2O)(py-2pz)2]CF3SO3·2H2O (2), [Ag(py-2pz)2]PF6 (3) and {[Ag(NO3)(py-2pz)]·0.5H2O} n (4). The complexes were characterized by spectroscopic and electrochemical methods, while their structures were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The X-ray analysis revealed the bidentate coordination mode of py-2pz to the corresponding metal ion via its pyridine and pyrazine nitrogen atoms in all complexes, while in polynuclear complex 4, the heterocyclic pyrazine ring of one py-2pz additionally behaves as a bridging ligand between two Ag(i) ions. DFT calculations were performed to elucidate the structures of the investigated complexes in solution. The antimicrobial potential of the complexes 1-4 was evaluated against two bacterial (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus) and two Candida (C. albicans and C. parapsilosis) species. Silver(i) complexes 3 and 4 have shown good antibacterial and antifungal properties with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 4.9 to 39.0 μM (3.9-31.2 μg mL-1). All complexes inhibited the filamentation of C. albicans and hyphae formation, while silver(i) complexes 3 and 4 had also the ability to inhibit the biofilm formation process of this fungus. The binding affinity of the complexes 1-4 with calf thymus DNA (ct-DNA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) was studied by fluorescence emission spectroscopy to clarify the mode of their antimicrobial activity. Catechol oxidase biomimetic catalytic activity of copper(ii) complexes 1 and 2 was additionally investigated by using 3,5-di-tert-butylcatechol (3,5-DTBC) and o-aminophenol (OAP) as substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina P Andrejević
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac R. Domanovića 12 34000 Kragujevac Serbia
| | - Ivana Aleksic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade Vojvode Stepe 444a 11042 Belgrade Serbia
| | - Jakob Kljun
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana Večna Pot 113 Ljubljana SI-1000 Slovenia
| | - Marta Počkaj
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana Večna Pot 113 Ljubljana SI-1000 Slovenia
| | - Matija Zlatar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Belgrade-Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy Njegoševa 12 11000 Belgrade Serbia
| | - Sandra Vojnovic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade Vojvode Stepe 444a 11042 Belgrade Serbia
| | - Jasmina Nikodinovic-Runic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade Vojvode Stepe 444a 11042 Belgrade Serbia
| | - Iztok Turel
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana Večna Pot 113 Ljubljana SI-1000 Slovenia
| | - Miloš I Djuran
- Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts Knez Mihailova 35 11000 Belgrade Serbia
| | - Biljana Đ Glišić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac R. Domanovića 12 34000 Kragujevac Serbia
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Polo-Cuadrado E, Rojas-Peña C, Acosta-Quiroga K, Camargo-Ayala L, Brito I, Cisterna J, Moncada F, Trilleras J, Rodríguez-Núñez YA, Gutierrez M. Design, synthesis, theoretical study, antioxidant, and anticholinesterase activities of new pyrazolo-fused phenanthrolines. RSC Adv 2022; 12:33032-33048. [PMID: 36425206 PMCID: PMC9671100 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra05532e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyrazole-fused phenanthroline compounds were obtained through several synthetic routes. NMR, HRMS, and IR techniques were used to characterize and confirm the chemical structures. Crystal structures were obtained from compounds 3a, 5b, 5j, 5k, and 5n and analyzed using X-ray diffraction. Compounds were evaluated as acetyl (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitors, and the results showed a moderate activity. Compound 5c presented the best activity against AChE (IC50 = 53.29 μM) and compound 5l against BChE enzyme (IC50 = 119.3 μM). Furthermore, the ability of the synthetic compounds to scavenge cationic radicals DPPH and ABTS was evaluated. Compound 5e (EC50 = 26.71 μg mL-1) presented the best results in the DPPH assay, and compounds 5e, 5f and 5g (EC50 = 11.51, 3.10 and <3 μg mL-1, respectively) showed better ABTS cationic radical scavenging results. Finally, in silico analyses indicated that 71% of the compounds show good oral availability and are within the ranges established by the Lipinski criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efraín Polo-Cuadrado
- Laboratorio Síntesis Orgánica y Actividad Biológica (LSO-Act-Bio), Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca Casilla 747 Talca 3460000 Chile
| | - Cristian Rojas-Peña
- Laboratorio Síntesis Orgánica y Actividad Biológica (LSO-Act-Bio), Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca Casilla 747 Talca 3460000 Chile
- Doctorado en Química, Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Universidad de Chile Santiago Chile
| | - Karen Acosta-Quiroga
- Laboratorio Síntesis Orgánica y Actividad Biológica (LSO-Act-Bio), Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca Casilla 747 Talca 3460000 Chile
- Doctorado en Química, Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Universidad de Chile Santiago Chile
| | - Lorena Camargo-Ayala
- Doctorado en Ciencias Mención I + D de Productos Bioactivos, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Laboratorio de Síntesis Orgánica (LSO-Act-Bio), Universidad de Talca Casilla 747 Talca 3460000 Chile
| | - Iván Brito
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Avda., Campus Coloso Antofagasta 02800 Chile
| | - Jonathan Cisterna
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Avda., Campus Coloso Antofagasta 02800 Chile
| | - Félix Moncada
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Av. Cra 30 # 45-03 Bogotá Colombia
| | - Jorge Trilleras
- Grupo de Investigación en Compuestos Heterocíclicos, Universidad del Atlántico Puerto Colombia 081007 Colombia
| | - Yeray A Rodríguez-Núñez
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andrés Bello Republica 275 Santiago 8370146 Chile
| | - Margarita Gutierrez
- Laboratorio Síntesis Orgánica y Actividad Biológica (LSO-Act-Bio), Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca Casilla 747 Talca 3460000 Chile
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Vural H. A novel copper (II) complex containing pyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid: Synthesis, crystal structure, DFT studies, and molecular docking. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Bildziukevich U, Özdemir Z, Šaman D, Vlk M, Šlouf M, Rárová L, Wimmer Z. Novel cytotoxic 1,10-phenanthroline–triterpenoid amphiphiles with supramolecular characteristics capable of coordinating 64Cu( ii) labels. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:8157-8163. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01172g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Novel 1,10-phenanthroline–triterpenoid amphiphiles formed nano-assemblies in water, coordinated Cu(ii) and 64Cu(ii) salts for potential cancer monitoring and therapy, and displayed cytotoxicity partly dependent on the formation of nano-assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uladzimir Bildziukevich
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Isotope Laboratory, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Zulal Özdemir
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Isotope Laboratory, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - David Šaman
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo náměstí 2, CZ-16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Vlk
- Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Břehová 7, CZ-11519 Prague 1, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Šlouf
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovsky Sq. 2, CZ-16206 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Rárová
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Wimmer
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Isotope Laboratory, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic
- University of Chemistry and Technology in Prague, Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds, Technická 5, CZ-16628 Prague 6, Czech Republic
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Andrejević TP, Aleksic I, Počkaj M, Kljun J, Milivojevic D, Stevanović NL, Nikodinovic-Runic J, Turel I, Djuran MI, Glišić BĐ. Tailoring copper(ii) complexes with pyridine-4,5-dicarboxylate esters for anti-Candida activity. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:2627-2638. [PMID: 33523054 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt04061d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Five novel copper(ii) complexes with pyridine-4,5-dicarboxylate esters as ligands, [Cu(NO3)(py-2tz)(H2O)3]NO3 (1), [Cu(NO3)2(py-2metz)(H2O)] (2), [Cu(NO3)2(py-2py)(H2O)]·H2O (3), [CuCl2(py-2tz)]2 (4) and [CuCl2(py-2metz)]n (5) (py-2tz is dimethyl 2-(thiazol-2-yl)pyridine-4,5-dicarboxylate, py-2metz is dimethyl 2-(4-methylthiazol-2-yl)pyridine-4,5-dicarboxylate and py-2py is dimethyl 2,2'-bipyridine-4,5-dicarboxylate), were synthesized and structurally characterized by different spectroscopic and electrochemical methods. The structure of these complexes was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, confirming the bidentate coordination mode of the corresponding pyridine-4,5-dicarboxylate ester to the Cu(ii) ion through the nitrogen atoms. The antimicrobial potential of copper(ii) complexes 1-5 was assessed against two bacterial and two Candida species. These complexes showed better growth inhibiting activity against Candida spp. with respect to the tested bacterial species, also being moderately toxic towards normal human lung fibroblast cells (MRC-5). Complexes 1 and 4 showed the greatest ability to inhibit the filamentation of C. albicans, which is an important process during fungal infection, and these two complexes efficiently inhibited the biofilm formation of C. albicans at subinhibitory concentrations. Complex 4 also successfully prevented the adhesion of C. albicans in an in vitro epithelial cell model. The mechanism of the antifungal activity of copper(ii) complexes 1-5 was studied through their interaction with ct-DNA, as one of the possible target biomolecules, by fluorescence spectroscopy and gel electrophoresis. Finally, the ability of these complexes to bind to bovine serum albumin (BSA) was studied by fluorescence emission spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina P Andrejević
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, R. Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
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Zinc(II) complexes with aromatic nitrogen-containing heterocycles as antifungal agents: Synergistic activity with clinically used drug nystatin. J Inorg Biochem 2020; 208:111089. [PMID: 32442762 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2020.111089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Three novel Zn(II) complexes, [ZnCl2(qz)2] (1), [ZnCl2(1,5-naph)]n (2) and [ZnCl2(4,7-phen)2] (3), where qz is quinazoline, 1,5-naph is 1,5-naphthyridine and 4,7-phen is 4,7-phenanthroline, were synthesized by the reactions of ZnCl2 and the corresponding N-heterocyclic ligand in 1:2 molar ratio in ethanol at ambient temperature. The characterization of these complexes was done by NMR, IR and UV-Vis spectroscopy, and their crystal structures were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Complexes 1 and 3 are mononuclear species, in which Zn(II) ion is tetrahedrally coordinated by two nitrogen atoms belonging to two qz or 4,7-phen ligands, respectively, and by two chloride anions, while complex 2 is a 1D coordination polymer that contains 1,5-naph as bridging ligand between two metal ions. In agar disc-diffusion assay, complexes 1-3 manifested good inhibitory activity against two investigated Candida strains (C. albicans and C. parapsilosis), while not inducing toxic effects on the healthy human fibroblast cell line (MRC-5). This activity was not fungicidal, as revealed by the broth microdilution assay, however complex 3 showed the ability to modulate Candida hyphae formation, which is an important process during infection and showed significant synergistic effect with clinically used antifungal polyene nystatin.
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