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Karaca EÖ, Bingöl Z, Gürbüz N, Özdemir İ, Gülçin İ. Vinyl functionalized 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazolium salts: Synthesis and biological activities. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23255. [PMID: 36424355 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A series of vinyl functionalized 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazolium salts are synthesized. All compounds were fully characterized by elemental analyses, MS, 1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR, and IR spectroscopy techniques. Enzyme inhibition is a very active area of research in drug design and development. In this study, the synthesized novel benzimidazolium salts were evaluated toward the human erythrocyte carbonic anhydrase I (hCA I), and II (hCA II) isoenzymes, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) enzymes. They demonstrated highly potent inhibition ability against hCA I with Ki values of 484.8 ± 62.6-1389.7 ± 243.2 nM, hCA II with Ki values of 298.9 ± 55.7-926.1 ± 330.0 nM, α-glycosidase with Ki values of 170.3 ± 27-760.1 ± 269 μM, AChE with Ki values of 27.1 ± 3-77.6 ± 1.7 nM, and BChE with Ki values of 21.0 ± 5-61.3 ± 15 nM. As a result, novel vinyl functionalized 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazolium salts (1a-g) exhibited effective inhibition profiles toward studied metabolic enzymes. Therefore, we believe that these results may contribute to the development of new drugs particularly to treat some global disorders including glaucoma, Alzheimer's disease, and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emine Ö Karaca
- Catalysis Research and Application Center, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey.,Drug Application and Research Center, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Zeynebe Bingöl
- Tokat Vocational School of Health Services, Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Nevin Gürbüz
- Catalysis Research and Application Center, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey.,Drug Application and Research Center, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Art, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - İsmail Özdemir
- Catalysis Research and Application Center, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey.,Drug Application and Research Center, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Art, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - İlhami Gülçin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Carvalho RL, de Miranda AS, Nunes MP, Gomes RS, Jardim GAM, Júnior ENDS. On the application of 3d metals for C-H activation toward bioactive compounds: The key step for the synthesis of silver bullets. Beilstein J Org Chem 2021; 17:1849-1938. [PMID: 34386103 PMCID: PMC8329403 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.17.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Several valuable biologically active molecules can be obtained through C-H activation processes. However, the use of expensive and not readily accessible catalysts complicates the process of pharmacological application of these compounds. A plausible way to overcome this issue is developing and using cheaper, more accessible, and equally effective catalysts. First-row transition (3d) metals have shown to be important catalysts in this matter. This review summarizes the use of 3d metal catalysts in C-H activation processes to obtain potentially (or proved) biologically active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato L Carvalho
- Institute of Exact Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais - UFMG, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Amanda S de Miranda
- Institute of Exact Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais - UFMG, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Mateus P Nunes
- Institute of Exact Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais - UFMG, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Roberto S Gomes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, United States
| | - Guilherme A M Jardim
- Institute of Exact Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais - UFMG, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Centre for Excellence for Research in Sustainable Chemistry (CERSusChem), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos – UFSCar, CEP 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Eufrânio N da Silva Júnior
- Institute of Exact Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais - UFMG, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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