Cadmium(II) coordination polymer based on flexible dithiolate-polyamine binary ligands system: Crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface analysis, antimicrobial, and DNA cleavage potential

Zinc(II) coordination compound with N'-(pyridin-2-ylmethylene)nicotinohydrazide: Synthesis, crystal structure, computational and cytotoxicity studies

In this work, we report on the synthesis of a novel zinc(II) coordination compound [ZnL2] (1), which was readily obtained from the reaction of Zn(OAc)·2H2O and N'-(pyridin-2-ylmethylene)nicotinohydrazide (HL) in methanol. Recrystallization of 1 from dimethylformamide under ambient conditions allowed to produce yellow block-like crystals of 1·H2O. Complex 1·H2O was characterized by FT-IR and 1H NMR spectroscopy, while its optical properties were studied by UV-vis and spectrofluorimetry in methanol. The crystal structure of the title complex was revealed by single crystal X-ray diffraction and further explored in detail by the Hirshfeld surface analysis. Theoretical investigations based on the DFT calculations have also been applied to show the electronic properties of complex 1. The antitumor activities of the parent ligand HL and complex 1 were studied using Dalton's lymphoma malignant cancer model. Both compounds were found to induce concentration-dependent cytotoxicity and apoptotic cell death, leading to a decrease in cell viability, body weight, and tumor volume in mice with the superior activity of complex 1 over HL. Mice treated with complex 1 demonstrated an increase in life span with a survival period of 23 days. Finally, using a molecular docking approach, we have probed complex 1 to inhibit the recombinant mouse tumor-necrosis factor alpha (mTNF).

Supramolecular clumps of μ2-1,3-acetate bridges of Cd(II)-Salen complex: Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, crystal structure, DFT quantization's, and antifungal photodynamic therapy

The article divulges the crystal growth, synthesis, and X-ray structure characterization of one centrosymmetric cadmium complex, [Cd{CdL(μ2-1,3-acetate)}2] using Salen ligand (SL). The complex is further characterized using spectroscopic and analytical techniques, including DRS, SEM-EDX, PXRD, and ICP-MS. The crystallographic study showed that the complex has a monoclinic space P21/c. Addison parameters (Ʈ) show the hexagonal geometry of the central Cd(II) metal ion. Hirshfeld surface and 2-D fingerprint confirm supramolecular contacts despite weak C-H⋯O and C-H···π interactions. Energy frameworks, FMOs, global reactivity parameters, MEP, and energy bandgap explain the complex reactivity outlook. The complex inter- and intramolecular bonding interactions were explored through natural bond orbital (NBO), QTAIM, NCI-RDG, Electron Location Function (ELF), and Localized Orbital Locator (LOL) quantization methods. In addition, the complex and its synthetic components in vitro antibacterial efficacy were investigated using Gram-positive and Gram-negative microbial strains. SAR (structure-activity relationship) correlates with biological potency. Molecular docking assessed antimicrobial potency with proteins S. aureus (PDB ID: 1JIJ), C. albicans (PDB ID: 1M7A), E. coli (PDB ID: 1T9U), P. aeruginosa (PDB ID: 2UV0), and A. Niger (PDB ID: 3K4P). The findings are backed by the Protein-Ligand Interaction Profiler (PLIP). The antifungal potency and cell viability test of C. albicans were conducted using photodynamic therapy (APDT).

A review on metal complexes and its anti-cancer activities: Recent updates from in vivo studies

Research into cancer therapeutics has uncovered various potential medications based on metal-containing scaffolds after the discovery and clinical applications of cisplatin as an anti-cancer agent. This has resulted in many metallodrugs that can be put into medical applications. These metallodrugs have a wider variety of functions and mechanisms of action than pure organic molecules. Although platinum-based medicines are very efficient anti-cancer agents, they are often accompanied by significant side effects and toxicity and are limited by resistance. Some of the most studied and developed alternatives to platinum-based anti-cancer medications include metallodrugs based on ruthenium, gold, copper, iridium, and osmium, which showed effectiveness against many cancer cell lines. These metal-based medicines represent an exciting new category of potential cancer treatments and sparked a renewed interest in the search for effective anti-cancer therapies. Despite the widespread development of metal complexes touted as powerful and promising in vitro anti-cancer therapeutics, only a small percentage of these compounds have shown their worth in vivo models. Metallodrugs, which are more effective and less toxic than platinum-based drugs and can treat drug-resistant cancer cells, are the focus of this review. Here, we highlighted some of the most recently developed Pt, Ru, Au, Cu, Ir, and Os complexes that have shown significant in vivo antitumor properties between 2017 and 2023.

Cadmium(II) compounds of the bis-cyanoethyl derivative (LCX) of Me8[14]aneC (LC): Characterization and antibacterial studies

The isomeric ligand L_C, a saturated analogue of 2,9-C-meso-Me₈[14]diene, on reflux with excess acrylonitrile afforded 1,8-N-pendant cyanoethyl derivative L_CX. Interaction of L_CX with cadmium(II) perchlorate, nitrate, acetate, and chloride salts produced six coordinated octahedral compounds, [Cd(L_CX) (ClO₄)₂]∙2H₂O, [Cd(L_CX) (NO₃)₂], [Cd(L_CX) (CH₃COO)₂], and [Cd(L_CX)Cl₂], respectively. Further, axial substitution reactions between [Cd(L_CX) (ClO₄)₂]∙2H₂O and KI, KBr, KCl, KSCN, and NaNO₂ in a 1:2 ratio yielded six coordinated octahedral compounds, [Cd(L_CX)I₂]∙H₂O, [Cd(L_CX)Br₂]∙2H₂O, [Cd(L_CX)Cl(ClO₄)]∙2H₂O, [Cd(L_CX) (NCS)₂]∙H₂O, and [Cd(L_CX) (NO₂) (ClO₄)]∙2H₂O, respectively. All of the newly prepared compounds have been characterized by analytical, spectroscopic, molar conductivity, and magnetochemical data. The crystal structure of the ligand L_CX was determined by x-ray crystallography which showed the 14-membered ring to adopt an extended chair conformation. Antibacterial activities of the newly formed cadmium(II) complexes against selected bacteria showed these to exhibit moderate and selective activity with 1-4 and 8 exhibiting greatest potency against the gram negative bacterium Salmonella typhi, and 5, 6, and 7 against the gram positive bacterium Bacillus wiedmannii.