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Calarnou L, Traïkia M, Leremboure M, Therias S, Gardette JL, Bussière PO, Malosse L, Dronet S, Besse-Hoggan P, Eyheraguibel B. Study of sequential abiotic and biotic degradation of styrene butadiene rubber. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 926:171928. [PMID: 38531457 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Styrene butadiene rubber is one of the main constituents of tire tread. During tire life, the tread material undergoes different stresses that impact its structure and chemical composition. Wear particles are then released into the environment as weathered material. To understand their fate, it is important to start with a better characterization of abiotic and biotic degradation of the elastomer material. A multi-disciplinary approach was implemented to study the photo- and thermo- degradation of non-vulcanized SBR films containing 15 w% styrene as well as their potential biodegradation by Rhodoccocus ruber and Gordonia polyisoprenivorans bacterial strains. Each ageing process leads to crosslinking reactions, much surface oxidation of the films and the production of hundreds of short chain compounds. These degradation products present a high level of unsaturation and oxidation and can be released into water to become potential substrates for microorganisms. Both strains were able to degrade from 0.2 to 1.2 % (% ThOD) of the aged SBR film after 30-day incubation while no biodegradation was observed on the pristine material. A 25-75 % decrease in the signal intensity of water extractable compounds was observed, suggesting that biomass production was linked to the consumption of low-molecular-weight degradation products. These results evidence the positive impact of abiotic degradation on the biodegradation process of styrene butadiene rubber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie Calarnou
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne INP, CNRS, Institut de Chimie (ICCF), F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Mounir Traïkia
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne INP, CNRS, Institut de Chimie (ICCF), F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Université Clermont Auvergne, Plateforme d'Exploration du Métabolisme, MetaboHUB Clermont, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Martin Leremboure
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne INP, CNRS, Institut de Chimie (ICCF), F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Sandrine Therias
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne INP, CNRS, Institut de Chimie (ICCF), F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jean-Luc Gardette
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne INP, CNRS, Institut de Chimie (ICCF), F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Pierre-Olivier Bussière
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne INP, CNRS, Institut de Chimie (ICCF), F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Lucie Malosse
- Manufacture Française des Pneumatiques MICHELIN, Centre de Technologies Ladoux, 63040 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Séverin Dronet
- Manufacture Française des Pneumatiques MICHELIN, Centre de Technologies Ladoux, 63040 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Pascale Besse-Hoggan
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne INP, CNRS, Institut de Chimie (ICCF), F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Boris Eyheraguibel
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne INP, CNRS, Institut de Chimie (ICCF), F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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Cheng X, Xia M, Yang Y. Biodegradation of vulcanized rubber by a gut bacterium from plastic-eating mealworms. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 448:130940. [PMID: 36758440 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.130940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The disposal of vulcanized rubber waste is difficult due to the presence of three-dimensional crosslinking network structure. Here, we report that a bacterium Acinetobacter sp. BIT-H3, isolated from the gut of plastic-eating mealworm, can grow on and degrade vulcanized poly(cis-1,4-isoprene) rubber (vPR). Scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) shows that strain BIT-H3 can penetrate into the vPR and produce craters and cracks. The tensile strength and the crosslink density of vPR decreased by 53.2% and 29.3% after ten weeks' incubation, respectively. The results of Horikx analysis, attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, and X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy reveal that strain BIT-H3 can break down both sulfide bridges and double bonds of polymeric backbone within vPR. Sulfate and oligo(cis-1,4 isoprene) with terminal aldehyde and keto groups were identified as metabolic products released during vPR degradation. Through genomic and transcriptional analyses, five enzymes of dszA, dszC1, dszC2, Laccase2147, and Peroxidase1232 were found to be responsible for vPR degradation. Based on the chemical structure characterizations and molecular analyses, a vPR biodegradation pathway was proposed for strain BIT-H3. These findings pave a way for exploiting vulcanized rubber-degrading microorganisms from insect gut and contribute to establish a biodegradation method for vulcanized rubber waste disposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotao Cheng
- Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Mengli Xia
- Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China.
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Chittella H, Yoon LW, Ramarad S, Lai ZW. Rubber waste management: A review on methods, mechanism, and prospects. Polym Degrad Stab 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2021.109761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Basik AA, Sanglier JJ, Yeo CT, Sudesh K. Microbial Degradation of Rubber: Actinobacteria. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13121989. [PMID: 34204568 PMCID: PMC8235351 DOI: 10.3390/polym13121989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Rubber is an essential part of our daily lives with thousands of rubber-based products being made and used. Natural rubber undergoes chemical processes and structural modifications, while synthetic rubber, mainly synthetized from petroleum by-products are difficult to degrade safely and sustainably. The most prominent group of biological rubber degraders are Actinobacteria. Rubber degrading Actinobacteria contain rubber degrading genes or rubber oxygenase known as latex clearing protein (lcp). Rubber is a polymer consisting of isoprene, each containing one double bond. The degradation of rubber first takes place when lcp enzyme cleaves the isoprene double bond, breaking them down into the sole carbon and energy source to be utilized by the bacteria. Actinobacteria grow in diverse environments, and lcp gene containing strains have been detected from various sources including soil, water, human, animal, and plant samples. This review entails the occurrence, physiology, biochemistry, and molecular characteristics of Actinobacteria with respect to its rubber degrading ability, and discusses possible technological applications based on the activity of Actinobacteria for treating rubber waste in a more environmentally responsible manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Anni Basik
- Ecobiomaterial Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia;
- Sarawak Biodiversity Centre, Km. 20 Jalan Borneo Heights, Semengoh, Kuching, Sarawak 93250, Malaysia; (J.-J.S.); (C.T.Y.)
| | - Jean-Jacques Sanglier
- Sarawak Biodiversity Centre, Km. 20 Jalan Borneo Heights, Semengoh, Kuching, Sarawak 93250, Malaysia; (J.-J.S.); (C.T.Y.)
| | - Chia Tiong Yeo
- Sarawak Biodiversity Centre, Km. 20 Jalan Borneo Heights, Semengoh, Kuching, Sarawak 93250, Malaysia; (J.-J.S.); (C.T.Y.)
| | - Kumar Sudesh
- Ecobiomaterial Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-4-6534367; Fax: +60-4-6565125
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Biodegradation of Vulcanized SBR: A Comparison between Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptomyces sp. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19304. [PMID: 31848361 PMCID: PMC6917721 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55530-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Rubber residues present harmful impacts on health and environment, besides wasting valuable and huge amounts of rubber. Biological recycling technique is focused here to minimize this problem. A comparison of the biodegradation effect caused by Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Streptomyces sp., separately, on vulcanized SBR-rubber during 4 weeks is reported. The surface and molecular analyses were studied by FTIR-ATR, TGA, DSC, TC and SEM/EDS, in addition to the contact angle and crosslinking tests. B. subtilis, P. aeruginosa, and Streptomyces sp. evoked after 4 weeks a loss in v-SBR crosslinks by 17.15, 10.68 and 43.39% and also in the contact angle with water by 14.10, 12.86 and 15.71%, respectively., if compared to Control samples. FTIR findings indicate that the polymeric chain has been partially consumed causing C-C bonds scission indicating the biodegradation and bio-devulcanization phenomena. The bacterial strains caused a carbon loss by 9.15, 5.97 and 4.55% after one week and 16.09, 16.79 and 18.13% after four weeks for B. subtilis, P. aeruginosa, and Streptomyces sp. mediums, respectively. DSC and EDS results are also promising and highlighting Streptomyces sp. strain as the most effective biodegradative one as an alternative and natural mean of degrading vulcanized rubber residues.
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Marchut-Mikołajczyk O, Drożdżyński P, Januszewicz B, Domański J, Wrześniewska-Tosik K. Degradation of ozonized tire rubber by aniline - Degrading Candida methanosorbosa BP6 strain. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 367:8-14. [PMID: 30583113 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Aniline-degrading yeast strain - Candida methanosorbosa BP-6 was tested for its ability to degrade ground tire rubber, treated and non-treated with ozone. The protein content, respiratory activity, critical oxygen concentration (COC) and emulsifying activity of the yeast strain were monitored during 21 day degradation process. The effects of biodegradation were evaluated using aldehyde detection, Scanning Electrone Microscope (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. Pre-treatment of ground tire rubber with ozone resulted in lower microbial growth. However, metabolic condition of the C. methanosorbosa BP-6 yeast strain was higher in sample with ozonized tire rubber. Furthermore, the COC values in the last days of the process were about 30% lower regarding non-ozonized polymer. Also, the ozonization of tire rubber resulted in higher biosurfactant production of the yeast strain. The roughness and visible gaps in rubber matrix (SEM analysis) confirmed the ability of Candida methanosorbosa BP-6 yeast strain for tire rubber biodegradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Marchut-Mikołajczyk
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Institute of Technical Biochemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Piotr Drożdżyński
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Institute of Technical Biochemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Januszewicz
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Material Science and Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Krystyna Wrześniewska-Tosik
- Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
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