1
|
Gasparyan KG, Tyubaeva PM, Varyan IA, Vetcher AA, Popov AA. Assessing the Biodegradability of PHB-Based Materials with Different Surface Areas: A Comparative Study on Soil Exposure of Films and Electrospun Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15092042. [PMID: 37177186 PMCID: PMC10181107 DOI: 10.3390/polym15092042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the current environmental situation, biopolymers are replacing the usual synthetic polymers, and special attention is being paid to poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), which is a biodegradable polymer of natural origin. In this paper, the rate of biodegradation of films and fibers based on PHB was compared. The influence of exposure to soil on the structure and properties of materials was evaluated using methods of mechanical analysis, the DSC method and FTIR spectroscopy. The results showed rapid decomposition of the fibrous material and also showed how the surface of the material affects the rate of biodegradation and the mechanical properties of the material. It was found that maximum strength decreased by 91% in the fibrous material and by 49% in the film. Additionally, the DSC method showed that the crystallinity of the fiber after exposure to the soil decreased. It was established that the rate of degradation is influenced by different factors, including the surface area of the material and its susceptibility to soil microorganisms. The results obtained are of great importance for planning the structure of features in the manufacture of biopolymer consumer products in areas such as medicine, packaging, filters, protective layers and coatings, etc. Therefore, an understanding of the biodegradation mechanisms of PHB could lead to the development of effective medical devices, packaging materials and different objects with a short working lifespan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristina G Gasparyan
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Synthetic and Natural Polymer Compositions, Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygina Street, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Polina M Tyubaeva
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Synthetic and Natural Polymer Compositions, Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygina Street, 119334 Moscow, Russia
- Academic Department of Innovational Materials and Technologies Chemistry, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, 36 Stremyanny Per., 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivetta A Varyan
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Synthetic and Natural Polymer Compositions, Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygina Street, 119334 Moscow, Russia
- Academic Department of Innovational Materials and Technologies Chemistry, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, 36 Stremyanny Per., 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexandre A Vetcher
- Complementary and Integrative Health Clinic of Dr. Shishonin, 5 Yasnogorskaya Str., 117588 Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Biochemical Technology and Nanotechnology, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anatoly A Popov
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Synthetic and Natural Polymer Compositions, Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygina Street, 119334 Moscow, Russia
- Academic Department of Innovational Materials and Technologies Chemistry, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, 36 Stremyanny Per., 117997 Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gallorini R, Ciuffi B, Real Fernández F, Carozzini C, Ravera E, Papini AM, Rosi L. Subcritical Hydrothermal Liquefaction as a Pretreatment for Enzymatic Degradation of Polyurethane. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:37757-37763. [PMID: 36312382 PMCID: PMC9607662 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatic digestion is a promising alternative in the upconversion of plastic waste compared to traditional chemical recycling methods, because it warrants the use of milder conditions. However, enzymes are hardly able to penetrate the bulk of the plastic material; thus, a pretreatment is necessary to promote the reaction. In this study we investigate hydrothermal liquefaction as a thermal pretreatment of a commercial polyurethane before performing an enzymatic digestion. The feedstock is a rigid polyurethane foam. The structure and chemical composition of the feedstock were analyzed through FTIR analysis and solid-state 13C NMR. The polyurethane was then subjected to hydrothermal liquefaction using either ultrapure water or KOH as a basic catalyst. Enzymatic digestion was then performed on the organic fraction obtained from both experiments using a lipase extracted from Candida rugosa. The LC-MS analysis of the digests shows an increase in some signal intensities due to the degradation of oligomeric fragments. This new way of recycling allows the recovery of important chemicals such as quinolines and 4,4'-methylenedianiline. With this study we demonstrate that hydrothermal liquefaction coupled with enzymatic digestion is a suitable alternative for handling polyurethane waste.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Gallorini
- Department
of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, I-50019Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Benedetta Ciuffi
- Department
of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, I-50019Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Feliciana Real Fernández
- CNR
− Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Interdepartmental
Research Unit of Peptide and Protein Chemistry and Biology (PeptLab), University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 13, I-50019Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- MoD&LS
Laboratory, University of Florence, Centre
of Competences RISE, Via Madonna del Piano 6, I-50019Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Cosimo Carozzini
- Department
of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, I-50019Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Enrico Ravera
- Department
of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, I-50019Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Magnetic
Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Via Luigi Sacconi 6, I-50019Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Consorzio
Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche di Metalloproteine, Via Luigi Sacconi 6, I-50019Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Papini
- Department
of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, I-50019Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Interdepartmental
Research Unit of Peptide and Protein Chemistry and Biology (PeptLab), University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 13, I-50019Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- MoD&LS
Laboratory, University of Florence, Centre
of Competences RISE, Via Madonna del Piano 6, I-50019Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Luca Rosi
- Department
of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, I-50019Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Characterization and Properties of Water-Blown Rigid Polyurethane Foams Reinforced with Silane-Modified Nanosepiolites Functionalized with Graphite. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15010381. [PMID: 35009524 PMCID: PMC8746287 DOI: 10.3390/ma15010381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, a promising flame retardant consisting of 80 wt% silane-modified nanosepiolites functionalized with 20 wt% graphite (SFG) is used to obtain a synergistic effect principally focussed on the thermal stability of water-blown rigid polyurethane (RPU) foams. Density, microcellular structure, thermal stability and thermal conductivity are examined for RPU foams reinforced with different contents of SFG (0, as reference material, 2, 4 and 6 wt%). The sample with 6 wt% SFG presents a slightly thermal stability improvement, although its cellular structure is deteriorated in comparison with the reference material. Furthermore, the influence of SFG particles on chemical reactions during the foaming process is studied by FTIR spectroscopy. The information obtained from the chemical reactions and from isocyanate consumption is used to optimize the formulation of the foam with 6 wt% SFG. Additionally, in order to determine the effects of functionalization on SFG, foams containing only silane-modified nanosepiolites, only graphite, or silane-modified nanosepiolites and graphite added separately are studied here as well. In conclusion, the inclusion of SFG in RPU foams allows the best performance to be achieved.
Collapse
|
4
|
TG/DTA-FTIR as a method for analysis of tall oil based rigid polyurethane foam decomposition gaseous products in a low oxygen environment. Polym Degrad Stab 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2020.109313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|