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He X, Wu H, Chen M, Lv J, Xiao H, Salas MNL, Wu B, Liu P, Zeng K, Yang G. Improve the Crosslinking Reactivity of Nitrile: Design of Nitrile-Functionalized Pyrazine and its Hydrogen Bond-Assisted Nucleophilic Enhancement Study. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2300199. [PMID: 37247428 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In this study, molecular engineering and biomimetic principles are utilized to prepare highly effective nitrile-functionalized pyrazine crosslinking units by exploiting pyrazine's unique nucleophilic strengthening mechanism and proton bonding ability. The curing behaviors of pyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrile and phthalonitrile are investigated through model curing systems and molecular simulation. The results indicate that pyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrile exhibits higher reactivity than phthalonitrile, promoted by amine. The cured products of pyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrile predominantly comprise thermally stable azaisoindoline and azaphthalocyanine. This novel type of highly effective crosslinking unit, and the comprehended mechanism of action of pyrazine at the molecular level, significantly expand the application of pyrazine in materials science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian He
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Hao Wu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Menghao Chen
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Jiangbo Lv
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Hang Xiao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Maria Nieves López Salas
- Department Sustainable Materials Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Paderborn University, Warburger Straße 100, D-33098, Paderborn, Germany
| | - Baile Wu
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA
| | - Pengqing Liu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Ke Zeng
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Gang Yang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
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2
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Zhang S, Wu M, Rong J, Zhang X, Han W, Zhao T, Chen X, Naito K, Yu X, Zhang Q. Synthesis and Characterization of Pyrimidine‐Based Novel Phthalonitrile Resins with Excellent Processing Performance and High Glass Transition Temperature. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202204876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Functional Polymers School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300401 China
| | - Minjie Wu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Functional Polymers School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300401 China
| | - Jianxin Rong
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Functional Polymers School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300401 China
| | - Xinyang Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Functional Polymers School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300401 China
| | - Wenshuang Han
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Functional Polymers School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300401 China
| | - Tao Zhao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Functional Polymers School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300401 China
| | - Xinggang Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering North China University of Science and Technology Tangshan 063210 China
| | - Kimiyoshi Naito
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) Hybrid Materials Unit, Composite Materials Group 1-2-1 Sengen Tsukuba 305-0047 Japan
| | - Xiaoyan Yu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Functional Polymers School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300401 China
| | - Qingxin Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Functional Polymers School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300401 China
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Park Y, Jin S, Noda I, Jung YM. Continuing progress in the field of two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS): Part III. Versatile applications. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 284:121636. [PMID: 36229084 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this review, the comprehensive summary of two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS) for the last two years is covered. The remarkable applications of 2D-COS in diverse fields using many types of probes and perturbations for the last two years are highlighted. IR spectroscopy is still the most popular probe in 2D-COS during the last two years. Applications in fluorescence and Raman spectroscopy are also very popularly used. In the external perturbations applied in 2D-COS, variations in concentration, pH, and relative compositions are dramatically increased during the last two years. Temperature is still the most used effect, but it is slightly decreased compared to two years ago. 2D-COS has been applied to diverse systems, such as environments, natural products, polymers, food, proteins and peptides, solutions, mixtures, nano materials, pharmaceuticals, and others. Especially, biological and environmental applications have significantly emerged. This survey review paper shows that 2D-COS is an actively evolving and expanding field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeonju Park
- Kangwon Radiation Convergence Research Support Center, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Sila Jin
- Kangwon Radiation Convergence Research Support Center, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Isao Noda
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
| | - Young Mee Jung
- Kangwon Radiation Convergence Research Support Center, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; Department of Chemistry, and Institute for Molecular Science and Fusion Technology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Xu X, Xu M, Ren D, Liu T, Li B, Liu Y, Li T. Modification on phthalonitrile containing benzoxazine with cyaniding diamine-type benzoxazine: Curing reaction and properties of their glass fiber-reinforced composites. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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5
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A new bio-based thermosetting with amorphous state, sub-zero softening point and high curing efficiency. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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6
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Wu M, Yang K, Li Y, Rong J, Jia D, Jia Z, Naito K, Yu X, Zhang Q. A Pyridazine-Containing Phthalonitrile Resin for Heat-Resistant and Flame-Retardant Polymer Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14194144. [PMID: 36236092 PMCID: PMC9572764 DOI: 10.3390/polym14194144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a novel phthalonitrile monomer containing a pyridazine ring, 3,6-bis[3-(3,4-dicyanophenoxy)phenoxy]pyridazine (BCPD) with a low melting point (74 °C) and wide processing window (178 °C), was prepared by a nucleophilic substitution reaction. The molecular structure of the BCPD monomer was identified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). Poly(BCPD) resins were derived from the formulations by curing at 350 and 370 °C. The thermoset that was post-cured at 370 °C demonstrated outstanding high heat-resistant (glass transition temperature (Tg) > 400 °C, 5% weight loss temperature (T5%) = 501 °C, Yc at 900 °C > 74%) and was flame-retardant (limiting oxygen index (LOI) = 48)). Further, the poly(BCPD) resin simultaneously exhibited a superior storage modulus, which could reach up to 3.8 Gpa at room temperature. Excellent processability and heat resistance were found for phthalonitrile thermosets containing the pyridazine ring, indicating poly(BCPD) resin could be potentially applied as high-temperature structural composite matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjie Wu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Functional Polymers, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Kaixiong Yang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Functional Polymers, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Functional Polymers, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Jianxin Rong
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Functional Polymers, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Dianqiu Jia
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Functional Polymers, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Zhiyi Jia
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Functional Polymers, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Kimiyoshi Naito
- Polymer Matrix Hybrid Composite Mat Grp, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba 305-0047, Japan
| | - Xiaoyan Yu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Functional Polymers, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
- Correspondence: (X.Y.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Qingxin Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Functional Polymers, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Materials Laminating Fabrication and Interface Control Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
- Correspondence: (X.Y.); (Q.Z.)
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Pu Y, Xie H, He X, Lv J, Zhu Z, Hong J, Zeng K, Hu J, Yang G. The curing reaction of phthalonitrile promoted by sulfhydryl groups with high curing activity. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.124948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Zhang S, Li Q, Ye J, Sun H, Liu X. Probing the copolymerization of alkynyl and cyano groups using monocyclic benzoxazine as model compound. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.124932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Xie H, He X, Pu Y, Lv J, Chen M, Zeng K, Yang G. Synthesis of oligomeric phthalonitrile resins containing imide units and study of the methylene-cyano thermal synergistic polymerization effect. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/09540083211073658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The meta- and para-catenated methylene-containing phthalonitrile oligomers were prepared from the reaction of an excess amount of 4,4′-(4,4′-isopropylidenediphenoxy) bis-(phthalic anhydride) (BPADA) with 4,4′-Methylenedianiline (MDA) in a N, N-dimethylformamide/ toluene solvent mixture, followed by end-capping agent with 4-nitrophthalonitrile or 4-phenoxyaniline in a two-step, one-pot reaction. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed that both PN oligomers exhibited low softening points. The self-catalyzed curing reactivity of the PN oligomers was confirmed by the isothermal rheological measurements. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and ultraviolet and visible spectrophotometry (UV–Vis) data of the pre-curing resins were employed to investigate the chemical structure of the pre-cured resins, suggesting that oligomers generated crosslinking sites, including triazine, isoindoline, and phthalocyanine. The results further confirmed the self-catalyzed curing reactivity of the oligomers. Thermal properties were investigated by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), demonstrating good thermal properties of the cured resins. The glass transition temperatures (Tgs) of PIPN-1-325, PIPN-1-350, PIPN-1-375 were in the range of 285–345°C, the 5% weight loss temperature (T5%) was observed at 482°C. The PIPN-2-325, PIPN-2-350, PIPN-2-375 showed Tgs ranging from 293 to 370°C, and T5% of the resins were in the range of 481–501°C. Then the isothermal rheological results of model compound and PN oligomers implied that the curing process of PN oligomers was closely related to the methylene-cyano radical thermal synergistic polymerization (TSP) effect proposed in our previous research, and then a revised curing mechanism (radical TSP mechanism) was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanxin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Xian He
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Yu Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Jiangbo Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Menghao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Ke Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Gang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
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Ning Y, Li D, Wang M, Jiang L. Bio‐resourced eugenol derived phthalonitrile resin for high temperature composite. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ning
- Key Laboratory of Bio‐Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry Beihang University Beijing China
| | - Dian‐sen Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio‐Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry Beihang University Beijing China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering Beihang University Beijing China
| | - Ming‐cun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio‐Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry Beihang University Beijing China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Bio‐Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry Beihang University Beijing China
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Chen M, He X, Guo Y, Hu J, Liang B, Zeng K, Yang G. A new molecular design platform for high-performance polymers from versatile bio-based tyramine: a case study of tyramine-derived phthalonitrile resin. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01322f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Tyramine was first introduced into high-performance polymers as a promising monomer platform; the derived phthalonitrile resin exhibits excellent thermal stability and a high Tg value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menghao Chen
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- P. R. China
| | - Xian He
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- P. R. China
| | - Yuhang Guo
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- P. R. China
| | - Jianghuai Hu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- P. R. China
| | - Bo Liang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- P. R. China
| | - Ke Zeng
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- P. R. China
| | - Gang Yang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- P. R. China
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