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Wang D, Liu Y, Zhang L, Lu Y, Li K, Zhu X, Han J, Zhang X. Thermal decomposition behavior of casting raw materials under different atmospheres and temperatures. Sci Rep 2025; 15:5992. [PMID: 39966529 PMCID: PMC11836183 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-90297-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2025] [Indexed: 02/20/2025] Open
Abstract
To determine the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) generated by casting resin sand and its binder during the casting process, this paper studied the process of resin pyrolysis and the different types of VOCs generated under different atmospheric conditions, as well as the temperature range of which the main pollutants are produced. Results indicate that resin pyrolysis can affect the types and characteristics of products under different atmospheric conditions. Oxygen in the air can accelerate the decomposition or combustion of organic matter in the sample. Under anaerobic conditions, the main products are benzene and ester products, primarily including dimethyl succinate and 1,2,3,5-tetramethylbenzene, in temperature range of 200-600 ℃. Under oxygen-containing conditions, the main products are ethers, benzene, and hydrocarbons, specifically ethylene oxide and 2-methylbutane, produced at temperatures above 200 ℃. This study provides theoretical guidance for the optimization design and environmental protection of molding sand and its binders in the casting industry, and provides technical support for the industrial application and development of molding sand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Wang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Multiflow and Fluid Machinery, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Laihong Zhang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, China
| | - Yaqiu Lu
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, China
| | - Kai Li
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Multiflow and Fluid Machinery, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Xinsheng Zhu
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jingyi Han
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
| | - Xuming Zhang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Multiflow and Fluid Machinery, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
- Zhejiang Aikele Environmental Protection Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
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Wang L, Chang Y, Luo Y, Zhang Y, Jing X, Fan W, Wang S. Renewable Phenolic Resins Based on Nitrogen-Coordinated Cyclic Boronic Ester Bonds. Macromol Rapid Commun 2025:e2400826. [PMID: 39937337 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202400826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2024] [Revised: 01/22/2025] [Indexed: 02/13/2025]
Abstract
Phenolic resins (PRs) are known for their exceptional performance due to their 3D cross-linked structure formed during curing. However, this crosslinking makes them non-reprocessable and difficult to recycle, leading to significant environmental pollution and resource waste. In this study, the reactivity of the phenolic hydroxyl group in thermoplastic PR (abbreviated as NR) is utilized to introduce a highly stable nitrogen-coordinated cyclic boronic ester (NCB) group into traditional carbon-chain polymers with the aid of aliphatic isocyanates. This dynamic cross-linked polymer, based on NCB linkages, not only deforms conveniently under appropriate stimuli but also retains excellent dimensional stability and mechanical properties in service environments. This approach gives full play to the good processability and mechanical performance of NR, enabling the closed-loop recycling of waste phenolic resins. This method provides a promising solution for sustainable and efficient recycling, offering a novel pathway to reduce the environmental impact of phenolic resins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Polymer Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Yuyao Chang
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Polymer Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Yu Luo
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Polymer Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Yijie Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Polymer Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Xinli Jing
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Polymer Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Wei Fan
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710048, P. R. China
| | - Shujuan Wang
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Polymer Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China
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Abniki M, Shirkavand Hadavand B, Najafi F, Ghasedi I. Synthesis of the effective flame retardant via modification of epoxy resin with phenylboronic acid. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2022.2054349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Milad Abniki
- Department of Resin and Additives, Institute for Color Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Farhood Najafi
- Department of Resin and Additives, Institute for Color Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Iman Ghasedi
- Department of Resin and Additives, Institute for Color Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
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Wang S, Wang L, Wang Y, Li Y, Fan W, Jing X. Synthesis of Boron-Doped Phenolic Porous Carbon As Efficient Catalyst for the Dehydration of Fructose into 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c04372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shujuan Wang
- School of Chemistry, Xi’an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lu Wang
- School of Chemistry, Xi’an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ya’nan Wang
- School of Chemistry, Xi’an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuefeng Li
- Department of Technology, Kaili Catalyst & New Materials Co., Ltd., Xi’an, Shaanxi 710201, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Fan
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Xi’an Polytechnic University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710048, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinli Jing
- School of Chemistry, Xi’an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710049, People’s Republic of China
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Wang S, Wang L, Su H, Li C, Fan W, Jing X. Enhanced thermal resistance and ablation properties of ethylene-propylene-diene monomer rubber with boron-containing phenolic resins. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2021.105136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Niu Z, Li G, Xin Y, Ma X, Zhang C, Hou X. Enhanced thermal and anti‐ablation properties of high‐temperature resistant reactive
POSS
modified boron phenolic resin. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoqi Niu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an China
| | - Gang Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an China
| | - Yi Xin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an China
| | - Xiaoyan Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an China
| | - Chengshuang Zhang
- Xi'an Aerospace Composites Research Institute, The Fourth Academy of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation Xi'an China
| | - Xiao Hou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an China
- China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation China
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Guo W, Bai S, Ye Y. High-value-added reutilization of resin pyrolytic oil: Pyrolysis process, oil detailed composition, and properties of pyrolytic oil-based composites. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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