Controlled deprotection of poly(2-(tert-butoxycarbonyloxy)ethyl methacrylate) using p-toluenesulfonic esters as thermally latent acid catalysts

Fabrication of a BOC-Protected 2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate Brush and Deprotection of the BOC Group to Control the Surface Hydrophilicity

Fabrication of functional surfaces with designed patterns of different hydrophilicity has potential applications in active control of water droplets and water harvesting. For practical applications, the fabrication process needs to be applied to a large area in a cost-effective manner. Herein, we report the fabrication of a polymer brush of 2-(tert-butoxycarbonyloxy)ethyl methacrylate having a BOC-protected hydroxy group. The deprotection of the BOC group converts poly(2-(tert-butoxycarbonyloxy)ethyl methacrylate) (PBHEMA) into poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) and hence changes the hydrophilicity. The chemical transformation changes the refractive index and thickness of the brush. This simple chemistry enables easy formation of the boundary of different hydrophilicity. Last, we demonstrate that the shape of the water droplet can be manipulated on the designed surface having different hydrophilicity.

Mechanism and kinetics of enzymatic degradation of polyester microparticles using a shrinking particle-shrinking core model

Generalized shrinking particle (SPM) and shrinking core (SCM) models were developed to the kinetics of heterogenous enzymatic degradation of polymer microparticles in a continuous microflow system. This enzymatic degradation was performed in a microfluidic device designed to both physically separate and immobilize the microparticles. Then time-resolved measurements were made using image processing of the physical changes of the particles during degradation. The kinetics of enzyme-polymer intermediate formation, enzymatic bond cleavage, and enzyme diffusion through the layer of degraded substrate (SCM only) were mathematically derived to predict the time-resolved degradation of the substrate. The proposed models were tested against the degradation of 15-25 μm particles of polycaprolactone (PCL) and poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) by cutinase enzyme from Humicola insolens. Degradation of PCL microparticles followed the SPM model and its kinetics were found to be zero-order, while the SCM model applied to PBAT microparticles showed first-order kinetics. Further, the degradation of polybutylene succinate (PBS), and poly butylene-sebacate-co-terephthalate (PBSeT) microparticles demonstrated wide applicability of the method. The use of image processing simplifies the required analysis by eliminating the need to remove aliquots or concentrate effluent for additional analytical characterization.