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Abstract
We have discovered a peculiar form of fracture that occurs in polymer network formed by covalent adaptable bonds. Due to the dynamic feature of the bonds, fracture of this network is rate dependent, and the crack propagates in a highly nonsteady manner. These phenomena cannot be explained by the existing fracture theories, most of which are based on steady-state assumption. To explain these peculiar characteristics, we first revisit the fundamental difference between the transient network and the covalent network in which we highlighted the transient feature of the cracks. We extend the current fracture criterion for crack initiation to a time-evolution scheme that allows one to track the nonsteady propagation of a crack. Through a combined experimental modeling effort, we show that fracture in transient networks is governed by two parameters: the Weissenberg number [Formula: see text] that defines the history path of crack-driving force and an extension parameter Z that tells how far a crack can grow. We further use our understanding to explain the peculiar experimental observation. To further leverage on this understanding, we show that one can "program" a specimen's crack extension dynamics by tuning the loading history.
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Guo Y, Zhang Y, Jian W, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Tan H, Jiang D. Preparation and performance of cadmium sulfide/sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) nanocomposite materials. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/0954008320903796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We report a kind of cadmium sulfide (CdS)/sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) composite via in situ for the first time. It is a new type of nanocomposite possessing outstanding fluorescence property and thermostability. The SPEEK has the sulfonic radical side group and the degree of the sulfonation is 0.88. With the SPEEK dissolving in the N, N-dimethylformamide, cadmium acetate dihydrate (cadmium (Cd) source) was added to make the precursor for the reaction and then the thiourea (sulfur (S) source) was injected. We also investigated the effects of reaction time, the ratio of Cd/S, and the ratio of Cd/–SO3H. The ultraviolet–visible and photoluminescence spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis were used to characterize the property of the nanocomposite. The high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) was used to characterize the morphological of the composite. As the reaction time increases, the photoluminescence intensity declined and the fluorescence peak redshifted. When the reaction time was 1 min, the ratio of Cd/S was 1:2 and the ratio of Cd/–SO3H was 1:5, and the fluorescence properties of the nanocomposites were the best.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqiao Guo
- Engineering Research Center of High Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yinan Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of High Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wenping Jian
- Engineering Research Center of High Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanhua Yang
- Engineering Research Center of High Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuhan Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of High Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Haoyuan Tan
- Engineering Research Center of High Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dong Jiang
- Engineering Research Center of High Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Xia Y, Ding S, Liu Y, Qi Z. Facile Synthesis and Self-Assembly of Amphiphilic Polyether-Octafunctionalized Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane via Thiol-Ene Click Reaction. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:E251. [PMID: 30970928 PMCID: PMC6432379 DOI: 10.3390/polym9070251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrated here a facile and efficient synthesis of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane-based amphiphilic polymer by thiol-ene click chemistry. The properties of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS)⁻PEG amphiphilic polymers were studied in detail by a combination of ¹H NMR, 13C NMR, 29Si NMR FT-IR, GPC, and TG analysis. The newly-designed thiol-ene protocol obtains only anti-Markovnikov addition POSS-based amphiphilic polymers when compared with platinum-catalysed hydrosilylation method. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of the resulting polymers are in the range of 0.011 to 0.050 mg/mL, and dynamic light scattering (DLS) results revealed that the obtained amphiphilic polymers can self-assemble into nanoparticles in aqueous solutions with a bimodal (two peaks) distribution. Furthermore, the specific polymer showed obvious thermo-sensitive behaviour at 45.5 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Xia
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Packaging Materials and Technology of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China.
| | - Sha Ding
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Packaging Materials and Technology of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China.
| | - Yuejun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Packaging Materials and Technology of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China.
| | - Zhengjian Qi
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
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Xu WS, Freed KF. Self-assembly and glass-formation in a lattice model of telechelic polymer melts: Influence of stiffness of the sticky bonds. J Chem Phys 2016; 144:214903. [PMID: 27276966 DOI: 10.1063/1.4952979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Telechelic polymers are chain macromolecules that may self-assemble through the association of their two mono-functional end groups (called "stickers"). A deep understanding of the relation between microscopic molecular details and the macroscopic physical properties of telechelic polymers is important in guiding the rational design of telechelic polymer materials with desired properties. The lattice cluster theory (LCT) for strongly interacting, self-assembling telechelic polymers provides a theoretical tool that enables establishing the connections between important microscopic molecular details of self-assembling polymers and their bulk thermodynamics. The original LCT for self-assembly of telechelic polymers considers a model of fully flexible linear chains [J. Dudowicz and K. F. Freed, J. Chem. Phys. 136, 064902 (2012)], while our recent work introduces a significant improvement to the LCT by including a description of chain semiflexibility for the bonds within each individual telechelic chain [W.-S. Xu and K. F. Freed, J. Chem. Phys. 143, 024901 (2015)], but the physically associative (or called "sticky") bonds between the ends of the telechelics are left as fully flexible. Motivated by the ubiquitous presence of steric constraints on the association of real telechelic polymers that impart an additional degree of bond stiffness (or rigidity), the present paper further extends the LCT to permit the sticky bonds to be semiflexible but to have a stiffness differing from that within each telechelic chain. An analytical expression for the Helmholtz free energy is provided for this model of linear telechelic polymer melts, and illustrative calculations demonstrate the significant influence of the stiffness of the sticky bonds on the self-assembly and thermodynamics of telechelic polymers. A brief discussion is also provided for the impact of self-assembly on glass-formation by combining the LCT description for this extended model of telechelic polymers with the Adam-Gibbs relation between the structural relaxation time and the configurational entropy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Sheng Xu
- James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Karl F Freed
- James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
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Xu WS, Freed KF. Lattice model of linear telechelic polymer melts. II. Influence of chain stiffness on basic thermodynamic properties. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:024902. [PMID: 26178122 DOI: 10.1063/1.4926359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The lattice cluster theory (LCT) for semiflexible linear telechelic melts, developed in Paper I, is applied to examine the influence of chain stiffness on the average degree of self-assembly and the basic thermodynamic properties of linear telechelic polymer melts. Our calculations imply that chain stiffness promotes self-assembly of linear telechelic polymer melts that assemble on cooling when either polymer volume fraction ϕ or temperature T is high, but opposes self-assembly when both ϕ and T are sufficiently low. This allows us to identify a boundary line in the ϕ-T plane that separates two regions of qualitatively different influence of chain stiffness on self-assembly. The enthalpy and entropy of self-assembly are usually treated as adjustable parameters in classical Flory-Huggins type theories for the equilibrium self-assembly of polymers, but they are demonstrated here to strongly depend on chain stiffness. Moreover, illustrative calculations for the dependence of the entropy density of linear telechelic polymer melts on chain stiffness demonstrate the importance of including semiflexibility within the LCT when exploring the nature of glass formation in models of linear telechelic polymer melts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Sheng Xu
- James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Karl F Freed
- James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
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Xu WS, Freed KF. Lattice model of linear telechelic polymer melts. I. Inclusion of chain semiflexibility in the lattice cluster theory. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:024901. [PMID: 26178121 DOI: 10.1063/1.4926358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The lattice cluster theory (LCT) for the thermodynamics of polymer systems has recently been reformulated to treat strongly interacting self-assembling polymers composed of fully flexible linear telechelic chains [J. Dudowicz and K. F. Freed, J. Chem. Phys. 136, 064902 (2012)]. Here, we further extend the LCT for linear telechelic polymer melts to include a description of chain semiflexibility, which is treated by introducing a bending energy penalty whenever a pair of consecutive bonds from a single chain lies along orthogonal directions. An analytical expression for the Helmholtz free energy is derived for the model of semiflexible linear telechelic polymer melts. The extension provides a theoretical tool for investigating the influence of chain stiffness on the thermodynamics of self-assembling telechelic polymers, and for further exploring the influence of self-assembly on glass formation in such systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Sheng Xu
- James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Karl F Freed
- James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
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Zhang SS, Cao SK, Wang S, Zhao QL, Chen JZ, Cui K, Ma Z. Synthesis of well-defined α-fluorinated alkyl ester, ω-carboxyltelechelic polystyrenes and fabrication of their hydrophobic highly ordered porous films and microspheres. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra17073g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Porous films and microspheres of α-fluorinated alkyl ester, ω-carboxyl telechelic polystyrenes synthesized via combining aminolysis of RAFT-polystyrene with thiol–ene “click” reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang-Shuang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Shao-Kui Cao
- School of Materials and Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Su Wang
- School of Materials and Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Qiao-Ling Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Jian-Zhuang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Kun Cui
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Zhi Ma
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
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Aromatic aldehyde functionalized polycaprolactone and polystyrene macromonomers: Synthesis, characterization and aldehyde–aminooxy click reaction. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2012.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Dudowicz J, Freed KF, Douglas JF. Lattice cluster theory of associating polymers. IV. Phase behavior of telechelic polymer solutions. J Chem Phys 2012; 136:194903. [PMID: 22612112 DOI: 10.1063/1.4714563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The newly developed lattice cluster theory (in Paper I) for the thermodynamics of solutions of telechelic polymers is used to examine the phase behavior of these complex fluids when effective polymer-solvent interactions are unfavorable. The telechelics are modeled as linear, fully flexible, polymer chains with mono-functional stickers at the two chain ends, and these chains are assumed to self-assemble upon cooling. Phase separation is generated through the interplay of self-assembly and polymer/solvent interactions that leads to an upper critical solution temperature phase separation. The variations of the boundaries for phase stability and the critical temperature and composition are analyzed in detail as functions of the number M of united atom groups in a telechelic chain and the microscopic nearest neighbor interaction energy ε(s) driving the self-assembly. The coupling between self-assembly and unfavorable polymer/solvent interactions produces a wide variety of nontrivial patterns of phase behavior, including an enhancement of miscibility accompanying the increase of the molar mass of the telechelics under certain circumstances. Special attention is devoted to understanding this unusual trend in miscibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Dudowicz
- The James Franck Institute and the Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.
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Dudowicz J, Freed KF. Lattice cluster theory of associating polymers. I. Solutions of linear telechelic polymer chains. J Chem Phys 2012; 136:064902. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3681257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Dudowicz J, Freed KF, Douglas JF. Can the Miscibility of Telechelic Polymer Solutions Increase with Polymer Chain Length? ACS Macro Lett 2012; 1:88-91. [PMID: 35578460 DOI: 10.1021/mz200101p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Increasing the molar mass of the polymers in blends and in solutions tends to decrease miscibility, but application of the lattice cluster theory for strongly interactiong polymer systems to telechelic polymer solutions explains why this usual trend can be inverted, a situation actually observed in some telechelic polymer solutions and blends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Dudowicz
- The James Franck Institute and
the Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Karl F. Freed
- The James Franck Institute and
the Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Jack F. Douglas
- Polymers Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg,
Maryland 20899, United States
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Bokern S, Fan Z, Mattheis C, Greiner A, Agarwal S. Synthesis of New Thermoplastic Elastomers by Silver Nanoparticles as Cross-Linker. Macromolecules 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ma200738b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Bokern
- Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Ziyin Fan
- Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Mattheis
- Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Greiner
- Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Seema Agarwal
- Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse, 35032 Marburg, Germany
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Bokern S, Getze J, Agarwal S, Greiner A. Polymer grafted silver and copper nanoparticles with exceptional stability against aggregation by a high yield one-pot synthesis. POLYMER 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2010.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Skrzeszewska PJ, Sprakel J, de Wolf FA, Fokkink R, Cohen Stuart MA, van der Gucht J. Fracture and Self-Healing in a Well-Defined Self-Assembled Polymer Network. Macromolecules 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ma1000173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paulina J. Skrzeszewska
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Wageningen University and Research Center, Dreijenplein 6, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Dutch Polymer Institute (DPI), P.O. Box 902, 5600 AX Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Joris Sprakel
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
| | - Frits A. de Wolf
- Biobased Products, Agrotechnology & Food Sciences Group, Wageningen University and Research Center, Bornsesteeg 59, 6708 PD Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Remco Fokkink
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Wageningen University and Research Center, Dreijenplein 6, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martien A. Cohen Stuart
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Wageningen University and Research Center, Dreijenplein 6, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jasper van der Gucht
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Wageningen University and Research Center, Dreijenplein 6, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Degirmenci M, Genli N. Synthesis of Well-Defined Telechelic Macrophotoinitiator of Polystyrene by Combination of ATRP and Click Chemistry. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.200900221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Shen J, Hogen-Esch T. Block Copolymer-like Self-Assembly of Fluorocarbon End-Functionalized Polystyrene and Polybutylmethacrylate. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:10866-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ja803375a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingguo Shen
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089
| | - Thieo Hogen-Esch
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089
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Dong Y, Lu J, Xu Q. Fluorescence Studies on Thiol‐Functional Polystyrene‐CdS Nanocomposites. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/10601320701681920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Ji H, Farmer BS, Nonidez WK, Advincula RC, Smith GD, Kilbey SM, Dadmun MD, Mays JW. Anionic Synthesis of Epoxy End-Capped Polymers. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.200600660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Wang L, Tian Y, Ding H, Li J. Microstructure and properties of organosoluble polyimide/silica hybrid films. Eur Polym J 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2006.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Jiang L, Kim J. A new nonhydrolytic synthesis of magnetite nanocrystallites in the presence of ω-functionalized polystyrene matrix. J Appl Polym Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/app.23167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Patton DL, Mullings M, Fulghum T, Advincula RC. A Facile Synthesis Route to Thiol-Functionalized α,ω-Telechelic Polymers via Reversible Addition Fragmentation Chain Transfer Polymerization. Macromolecules 2005. [DOI: 10.1021/ma051035s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Derek L. Patton
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003
| | - Matthew Mullings
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003
| | - Timothy Fulghum
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003
| | - Rigoberto C. Advincula
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003
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Synthesis and characterization of ω-sulfonated polystyrene-stabilized cadmium sulfide nanoclusters. Macromol Res 2004. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03218451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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