1
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Kaya K, Yagci Y. Contemporary Approaches for Conventional and Light‐Mediated Synthesis of Conjugated Heteroaromatic Polymers. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202100334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kerem Kaya
- Chemistry Department Istanbul Technical University Maslak Istanbul 34469 Turkey
| | - Yusuf Yagci
- Chemistry Department Istanbul Technical University Maslak Istanbul 34469 Turkey
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2
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Celiker T, Suerkan A, Altinisik S, Akgun M, Koyuncu S, Yagci Y. Hollow microspherical carbazole-based conjugated polymers by photoinduced step-growth polymerization. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00822f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A new photochemical approach for the synthesis of metal-free three-dimensional hollow spherical conjugated polymers is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tugba Celiker
- Istanbul Technical University, Department of Chemistry, 34469, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali Suerkan
- Istanbul Technical University, Department of Chemistry, 34469, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sinem Altinisik
- Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Department of Chemical Engineering, 17100, Canakkale, Turkey
| | - Mert Akgun
- Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Science and Technology Application and Research Center, 17100, Canakkale, Turkey
| | - Sermet Koyuncu
- Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Department of Chemical Engineering, 17100, Canakkale, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Yagci
- Istanbul Technical University, Department of Chemistry, 34469, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
- Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department, King Abdulaziz University, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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3
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Ahmad Z, Saeed B, Akhtar T, Ahmad J. Synthesis and polymerization of 1,5-bis(N-carbazolyl)pentane with its structural and behavioral highlights. Polym Bull (Berl) 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-019-02797-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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4
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Horibe T, Ohmura S, Ishihara K. Structure and Reactivity of Aromatic Radical Cations Generated by FeCl 3. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:1877-1881. [PMID: 30674190 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b12827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes the isolation and characterization of an aromatic radical cation generated by FeCl3. X-ray crystallographic analysis and kinetic studies reveal the mechanism of the generation of aromatic radical cation. In the solid state, a tight ion-pair of a radical cation with FeCl4- is observed. Leveraging the efficient generation of the radical cation-FeCl4- ion pair, we explore a radical cation-induced cycloaddition of trans-anethole initiated by catalytic amount of FeCl3. Both [4+2] cycloaddition and [2+2] cycloaddition with a broad substrate scope are also described. Moreover, a 100 g-scale reaction is demonstrated with the use of 1 mol % of FeCl3 as a simple and a highly active initiator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Horibe
- Graduate School of Engineering , Nagoya University , B2-3(611), Furo-cho , Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603 , Japan
| | - Shuhei Ohmura
- Graduate School of Engineering , Nagoya University , B2-3(611), Furo-cho , Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603 , Japan
| | - Kazuaki Ishihara
- Graduate School of Engineering , Nagoya University , B2-3(611), Furo-cho , Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603 , Japan
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5
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Abstract
9-Substituted carbazoles are widely used units in materials science, and their oxidative reactions have been utilized for the synthesis and characterization of polymers. Though the oxidative mechanism of carbazoles has been known for a few decades, structural definition has remained difficult, because their polymers are generally insoluble with incomplete characterization and unknown dependence of the electrochemical potentials. The oxidative reactions of 9-substituted carbazoles should be carefully considered under specific oxidative conditions; otherwise, structure definitions could be wrong, because the IR and NMR spectra used previously cannot quantitatively analyze 3,3'-coupling and 6,6'-coupling of carbazoles. In this review, the best understanding of the C3-C3' and C6-C6' oxidative couplings of 9-substituted carbazoles is presented, and the benefit of these oxidative reactions from the viewpoints of electrochemical synthesis, film engineering, and the synthesis and processing of polymers is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.R. China
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6
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Carbazole based electrochromic polymers bearing ethylenedioxy and propylenedioxy scaffolds. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2018.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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7
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Anand S, Muthusamy A. Optical, thermal and electrical properties of polybenzimidazoles derived from substituted benzimidazoles. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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8
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Reinold P, Bruchlos K, Ludwigs S. Simultaneous doping and crosslinking of polythiophene films. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py01688c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
We present a click chemistry approach for the synthesis of conjugated redox polymers based on highly regioregular polythiophenes with tunable amounts of pendant redox-active triphenylamine (TPA) groups. Solution-deposited films can be simultaneously doped and crosslinked by electrochemical or chemical oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Reinold
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- University of Stuttgart
- 70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
| | - K. Bruchlos
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- University of Stuttgart
- 70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
| | - S. Ludwigs
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- University of Stuttgart
- 70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
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9
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Liu B, Chen Z, Lin L, Han Y, Pang J, Jiang Z. Synthesis and characterization of poly(arylene ether ketone)s with 3,6-diphenyl-9 H-carbazole pendants using C–N coupling reaction. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0954008316655592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
3,6-Diphenyl-9 H-carbazole pendants are grafted herein to poly(arylene ether ketone)s (PAEKs) via the Ullmann C–N coupling reaction. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that PAEKs containing a carbazole pendant (Cz) have been synthesized through the Ullmann C–N coupling reaction. The high molecular weights of PAEK-Cz (PAEKs with 3,6-diphenyl-9 H-carbazole pendants) are inherited from their precursors, owing to the high reactivity of their monomers. The obtained PAEK-Cz- x polymers exhibit good solubility in most common organic solvents and excellent thermal stabilities, with the 5% weight loss temperatures for all products being above 598°C under a nitrogen atmosphere. The glass transition temperatures are all above 199°C and can be controlled by adjusting the feed ratio of monomers. The polymer membranes obtained by the casting method are tough and thus have strong potential for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Zhenhua Jiang
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
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10
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Ates M, Uludag N. Carbazole derivative synthesis and their electropolymerization. J Solid State Electrochem 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-016-3269-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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11
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Synthesis and study of 2-alkoxy(2-alkylsulfanyl)-4,6-distyrylpyrimidines containing a terminal carbazole group. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-016-1871-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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12
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Esra Oğuztürk H, Tirkeş S, Önal AM. Electrochemical synthesis of new conjugated polymers based on carbazole and furan units. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2015.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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13
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Mondal E, Lellouche JP, Naddaka M. Novel Carbazole (Cbz)-Based Carboxylated Functional Monomers: Design, Synthesis, and Characterization. ChemistryOpen 2015; 4:489-96. [PMID: 26478845 PMCID: PMC4603411 DOI: 10.1002/open.201500059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of novel functional carbazole (Cbz)-based carboxylated monomers were synthesized and characterized. A Clauson-Kaas procedure, a deprotection step, amide coupling, and hydrolysis were utilized as key chemical reactions towards the multistep synthesis of monomers in good to excellent isolated yields. The design strategy was further extended to complex carbazole-COOH monomers incorporated arylazo groups as photoreactive moieties. In addition, photoreactive hybrid carbazole (Cbz)-pyrrole (Pyr)-based carboxylated monomers, comprising a pyrrole core linking a carbazole and a photoreactive phenylazide or benzophenone moiety through an amide spacer in the molecular structure, were also synthesized. The latter can be utilized for surface modification of polymeric films in their monomeric form or as polymeric microparticles (MPs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ejabul Mondal
- Laboratory of Nanoscale Materials & System, Department of Chemistry, Nanomaterial Research Center, Institute of Nanotechnology & Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University Ramat-Gan, 5290002, Israel
| | - Jean-Paul Lellouche
- Laboratory of Nanoscale Materials & System, Department of Chemistry, Nanomaterial Research Center, Institute of Nanotechnology & Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University Ramat-Gan, 5290002, Israel
| | - Maria Naddaka
- Laboratory of Nanoscale Materials & System, Department of Chemistry, Nanomaterial Research Center, Institute of Nanotechnology & Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University Ramat-Gan, 5290002, Israel
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14
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Oriou J, Ng F, Hadziioannou G, Brochon C, Cloutet E. Synthesis and structure-property relationship of carbazole-alt
-benzothiadiazole copolymers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.27660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jules Oriou
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques; UMR 5629, 16 avenue Pey Berland Pessac Cedex F-33607 France
- Université de Bordeaux, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques; 16 avenue Pey Berland Pessac Cedex F-33607 France
- IPB, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques; UMR 5629, 16 avenue Pey Berland Pessac Cedex F-33607 France
| | - Feifei Ng
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques; UMR 5629, 16 avenue Pey Berland Pessac Cedex F-33607 France
- Université de Bordeaux, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques; 16 avenue Pey Berland Pessac Cedex F-33607 France
- IPB, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques; UMR 5629, 16 avenue Pey Berland Pessac Cedex F-33607 France
| | - Georges Hadziioannou
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques; UMR 5629, 16 avenue Pey Berland Pessac Cedex F-33607 France
- Université de Bordeaux, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques; 16 avenue Pey Berland Pessac Cedex F-33607 France
- IPB, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques; UMR 5629, 16 avenue Pey Berland Pessac Cedex F-33607 France
| | - Cyril Brochon
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques; UMR 5629, 16 avenue Pey Berland Pessac Cedex F-33607 France
- Université de Bordeaux, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques; 16 avenue Pey Berland Pessac Cedex F-33607 France
- IPB, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques; UMR 5629, 16 avenue Pey Berland Pessac Cedex F-33607 France
| | - Eric Cloutet
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques; UMR 5629, 16 avenue Pey Berland Pessac Cedex F-33607 France
- Université de Bordeaux, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques; 16 avenue Pey Berland Pessac Cedex F-33607 France
- IPB, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques; UMR 5629, 16 avenue Pey Berland Pessac Cedex F-33607 France
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15
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Zhang W, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Lu P, Liu L, Ma Y. Microwave-assisted FeCl3-mediated rapid synthesis of poly(9,9-dihexylfluorene) with high molecular weight. POLYMER 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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16
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One-step synthesis and photoluminescence properties of polycarbazole spheres and Ag/polycarbazole core/shell composites. Eur Polym J 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2013.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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17
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Voronkov MG, Shagun LG, Dorofeev IA, Smirnov VI. A new approach to polymerization of heterocycles. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s107036321305023x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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18
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Dorofeev IA, Smirnov VI, Tokareva IA, Shagun LG, Voronkov MG. New approach to poly(2,7-carbazoles). RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2012. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363211120176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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19
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Qin R, Bo Z. Synthesis and characterization of 2,7-linked carbazole oligomers. Macromol Rapid Commun 2011; 33:87-91. [PMID: 22135088 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201100633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A set of monodisperse 2,7-linked carbazole oligomers (3-mer, 5-mer, 7-mer, and 9-mer) was synthesized, and their photophysical, electrochemical, and thermal properties were investigated. In solutions, these oligomers exhibited bright blue emission with almost quantitative fluorescence quantum yield. The emission spectra of these oligomers in films are quite different. 3-Mer and 5-mer exhibited featureless emission spectra, whereas 7-mer and 9-mer showed well-resolved emission spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiping Qin
- College of Physics & Information Engineering, Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials of Henan Province, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
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20
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A comparative study of 9,9-bis(4-aminophenyl)fluorene polymers prepared by catalytic and non-catalytic oxidative polymerisation methods. Eur Polym J 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2011.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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21
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Chen Z, Ono RJ, Wiggins KM, Cui H, Rong C, Bielawski CW, Jiang Z. Synthesis and characterization of polyketones containing pendant carbazoles. POLYMER 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2011.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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22
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Synthesis and computational studies of diphenylamine donor-carbazole linker-based donor–acceptor compounds. Tetrahedron 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2010.10.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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23
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Raj V, Madheswari D, Mubarak Ali M. Chemical synthesis, characterization, and properties of conducting copolymers of imidazole and carbazole. J Appl Polym Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/app.32935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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24
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Li C, Liu M, Pschirer NG, Baumgarten M, Müllen K. Polyphenylene-Based Materials for Organic Photovoltaics. Chem Rev 2010; 110:6817-55. [DOI: 10.1021/cr100052z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 582] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Li
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany, and BASF SE, Research Specialty Chemicals, D-67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Miaoyin Liu
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany, and BASF SE, Research Specialty Chemicals, D-67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Neil G. Pschirer
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany, and BASF SE, Research Specialty Chemicals, D-67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Martin Baumgarten
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany, and BASF SE, Research Specialty Chemicals, D-67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany, and BASF SE, Research Specialty Chemicals, D-67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
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25
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Raj V, Madheswari D, Mubarak Ali M. Chemical formation, characterization and properties of polycarbazole. J Appl Polym Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/app.31511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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26
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Panthi K, Adhikari RM, Kinstle TH. Carbazole Donor−Carbazole Linker-Based Compounds: Preparation, Photophysical Properties, and Formation of Fluorescent Nanoparticles. J Phys Chem A 2010; 114:4550-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jp912286u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Panthi
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Photochemical Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403, and Angstrom Technologies, Inc., Florence, Kentucky 41042
| | - Ravi M. Adhikari
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Photochemical Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403, and Angstrom Technologies, Inc., Florence, Kentucky 41042
| | - Thomas H. Kinstle
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Photochemical Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403, and Angstrom Technologies, Inc., Florence, Kentucky 41042
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27
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Beaupré S, Boudreault PLT, Leclerc M. Solar-energy production and energy-efficient lighting: photovoltaic devices and white-light-emitting diodes using poly(2,7-fluorene), poly(2,7-carbazole), and poly(2,7-dibenzosilole) derivatives. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2010; 22:E6-E27. [PMID: 20217800 DOI: 10.1002/adma.200903484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
World energy needs grow each year. To address global warming and climate changes the search for renewable energy sources with limited greenhouse gas emissions and the development of energy-efficient lighting devices are underway. This Review reports recent progress made in the synthesis and characterization of conjugated polymers based on bridged phenylenes, namely, poly(2,7-fluorene)s, poly(2,7-carbazole)s, and poly(2,7-dibenzosilole)s, for applications in solar cells and white-light-emitting diodes. The main strategies and remaining challenges in the development of reliable and low-cost renewable sources of energy and energy-saving lighting devices are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serge Beaupré
- Department of Chemistry, Université Laval Quebec, Qc, G1V 0A6, Canada
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29
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Grimsdale AC, Leok Chan K, Martin RE, Jokisz PG, Holmes AB. Synthesis of Light-Emitting Conjugated Polymers for Applications in Electroluminescent Devices. Chem Rev 2009; 109:897-1091. [PMID: 19228015 DOI: 10.1021/cr000013v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1718] [Impact Index Per Article: 114.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C. Grimsdale
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Victoria 3010, Australia; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, Republic of Singapore 639798; Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE) and the Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Pharmaceuticals Division, Discovery Chemistry, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Khai Leok Chan
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Victoria 3010, Australia; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, Republic of Singapore 639798; Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE) and the Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Pharmaceuticals Division, Discovery Chemistry, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rainer E. Martin
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Victoria 3010, Australia; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, Republic of Singapore 639798; Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE) and the Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Pharmaceuticals Division, Discovery Chemistry, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pawel G. Jokisz
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Victoria 3010, Australia; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, Republic of Singapore 639798; Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE) and the Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Pharmaceuticals Division, Discovery Chemistry, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andrew B. Holmes
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Victoria 3010, Australia; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, Republic of Singapore 639798; Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE) and the Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Pharmaceuticals Division, Discovery Chemistry, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland
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30
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Electrochemical formation of polycarbazole films in air- and water-stable room-temperature ionic liquids. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2008.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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31
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SHEN YY. ELECTROPOLYMERIZATION OF CARBAZOLE IN MIXED ELECTROLYTE OF TETRAHYDROFURAN AND BORON TRIFLUORIDE DIETHYL ETHERATE. ACTA POLYM SIN 2009. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1105.2008.01089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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32
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Sarhan AAO, Bolm C. Iron(iii) chloride in oxidative C–C coupling reactions. Chem Soc Rev 2009; 38:2730-44. [DOI: 10.1039/b906026j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 413] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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33
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MIAO HM, ZHANG HL, XU JK, FAN CL, DONG B, ZENG LQ, ZHAO F. Electrochemical Polymerization of Carbazole in Acetic Acid Containing Boron Trifluoride Diethyl Etherate. CHINESE J CHEM 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.200890345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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34
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Wei Z, Wang Q, Xu J, Nie Y, Du Y, Xia H. Facile electrosyntheses of high tensile strength alkyl‐bridged dicarbazole polymer films and its fluorescence spectra. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.22852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Gao Y, Hlil A, Wang J, Chen K, Hay AS. Synthesis of Homo- and Copoly(arylene bicarbazole)s via Nucleophilic Substitution Polycondensation Reactions of NH Groups with Activated Dihalides. Macromolecules 2007. [DOI: 10.1021/ma0702750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Gao
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A2K6, Canada, and Department of Polymer Science & Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116012, P. R. China
| | - Antisar Hlil
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A2K6, Canada, and Department of Polymer Science & Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116012, P. R. China
| | - Jinyan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A2K6, Canada, and Department of Polymer Science & Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116012, P. R. China
| | - Ke Chen
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A2K6, Canada, and Department of Polymer Science & Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116012, P. R. China
| | - Allan S. Hay
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A2K6, Canada, and Department of Polymer Science & Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116012, P. R. China
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Yapi Abé S, Bernède JC, Ugalde L, Trégouët Y, del Valle MA. Electrochemical deposition of polycarbazole thin films onto tin oxide coated glass: Physicochemical and optoelectronic characterizations. J Appl Polym Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/app.26814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Chen YC, Huang GS, Hsiao CC, Chen SA. High Triplet Energy Polymer as Host for Electrophosphorescence with High Efficiency. J Am Chem Soc 2006; 128:8549-58. [PMID: 16802821 DOI: 10.1021/ja060936t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We report the conjugated polymer P(tBu-CBP) as a host with high triplet energy (E(T) 2.53 eV) and suitable HOMO (5.3 eV) and LUMO (2.04 eV) energy levels. Upon doping with green and red emission Ir-complexes, it gives devices with high luminous and external quantum efficiencies for green emission (23.7 cd/A, 6.57%) and for red emission (5.1 cd/A, 4.23%), respectively, and low turn-on voltage (3 V). For both devices, the efficiencies are higher than those of the corresponding devices with the same backbone P(3,6-Cz) as a host by a factor of 4, even though the latter has an E(T) (2.6 eV) slightly higher than that of the former. The results reflect that, in phosphorescent devices, the difference in E(T) between the host and guest is not the only factor that determines the device efficiency, and the present side group modification via the 9 position of carbazole also plays an important role, which allows a tuning of HOMO and LUMO levels to provide more balance in electron and hole fluxes and provides prevention from formation of excimer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Chun Chen
- Chemical Engineering Department, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu 30041, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Nie G, Xu J, Zhang S, Han X. Electrodeposition of High-quality Polycarbazole Films in Composite Electrolytes of Boron Trifluoride Diethyl Etherate and Ethyl Ether. J APPL ELECTROCHEM 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s10800-006-9151-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Fu Y, Bo Z. Synthesis, Optical, and Electrochemical Properties of the High-Molecular-Weight Conjugated Polycarbazoles. Macromol Rapid Commun 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.200500478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Wang Y, Hou L, Yang K, Chen J, Wang F, Cao Y. Conjugated Silole and Carbazole Copolymers: Synthesis, Characterization, Single-Layer Light-Emitting Diode, and Field Effect Carrier Mobility. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.200500281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Witker D, Reynolds JR. Soluble Variable Color Carbazole-Containing Electrochromic Polymers. Macromolecules 2005. [DOI: 10.1021/ma050805x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Witker
- The George and Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, Center for Macromolecular Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
| | - John R. Reynolds
- The George and Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, Center for Macromolecular Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
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42
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Hole transport triphenylamine–spirosilabifluorene alternating copolymer: synthesis and optical, electrochemical and electroluminescent properties. POLYMER 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2005.05.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Mo Y, Tian R, Shi W, Cao Y. Ultraviolet-emitting conjugated polymer poly(9,9′-alkyl-3,6-silafluorene) with a wide band gap of 4.0 eV. Chem Commun (Camb) 2005:4925-6. [PMID: 16205801 DOI: 10.1039/b507518a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An ultraviolet-emitting conjugated polymer, poly(9,9'-alkyl-3,6-silafluorene) with a wide band gap of 4.0 eV, has been synthesized and characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueqi Mo
- Institute of Optoelectronic Materials & Devices, Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials and Advanced Manufacturing Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P. R. China 510640
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