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Yang F, Jiang Z, He Q, Zhang Z, Zhou Y, Karapetrova E, Soucek MD, Foster MD. Following the Morphological Disruption by an Electrolyte of a Buried Interface. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:3555-3564. [PMID: 30592199 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b18009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A challenge of broad interest in both materials science and biology is the study of interfaces that are buried within a structure, particularly multilayer structures. Despite the enormous costs of corrosion and many decades of corrosion research, details of the mechanisms of various sorts of corrosion are still not clear, in part due to the difficulty in interrogating the interface between the corroding metal and an organic coating, which is typically used to mitigate corrosion. Generally, the performance of such coatings is evaluated by visual inspection after exposure or by modeling impedance data, which is a process not straightforwardly connected to physical interface structures. "Rocking-curve" X-ray scattering measurements provide a means of probing such interfaces due to the ability of X-rays to penetrate materials. Here, variations in the morphology of an interface between a protective coating and a metal substrate due to exposure to an electrolyte are derived from analysis of rocking-curve data in conjunction with atomic force microscopy imaging of the outer coating surface. The interfaces of cross-linked epoxy coatings with aluminum are irreversibly changed after 12 h of contact between the electrolyte solution and the face of the coating. The character of this change varies with the molecule used to cross-link the coating. Since X-ray off-specular scattering is sensitive to changes on the nanometer scale, it is also able to register interface degradation on time scales shorter than those probed by many other techniques, potentially expediting the evaluation of coatings for protection against degradation of the interface.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhang Jiang
- Advanced Photon Source , Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | | | | | | | - Evguenia Karapetrova
- Advanced Photon Source , Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne , Illinois 60439 , United States
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Wei Q, Wang X, Zhou F. A versatile macro-initiator with dual functional anchoring groups for surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization on various substrates. Polym Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2py20148h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Akgun B, Lee DR, Kim H, Zhang H, Prucker O, Wang J, Rühe J, Foster MD. Self-Affine Surfaces of Polymer Brushes. Macromolecules 2007. [DOI: 10.1021/ma0708794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bulent Akgun
- Maurice Morton Institute of Polymer Science, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325; X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; and Department for Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dong Ryeol Lee
- Maurice Morton Institute of Polymer Science, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325; X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; and Department for Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hyeonjae Kim
- Maurice Morton Institute of Polymer Science, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325; X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; and Department for Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Haining Zhang
- Maurice Morton Institute of Polymer Science, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325; X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; and Department for Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Oswald Prucker
- Maurice Morton Institute of Polymer Science, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325; X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; and Department for Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jin Wang
- Maurice Morton Institute of Polymer Science, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325; X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; and Department for Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Rühe
- Maurice Morton Institute of Polymer Science, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325; X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; and Department for Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mark D. Foster
- Maurice Morton Institute of Polymer Science, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325; X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439; and Department for Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Henle ML, Levine AJ. Capillary wave dynamics on supported viscoelastic films: single and double layers. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2007; 75:021604. [PMID: 17358350 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.75.021604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2006] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
We study the capillary wave dynamics of a single viscoelastic supported film and of a double layer of immiscible viscoelastic supported films. Using both simple scaling arguments and a continuum hydrodynamic theory, we investigate the effects of viscoelasticity and interfacial slip on the relaxation dynamics of these capillary waves. Our results account for the recent observation of a wavelength-independent decay rate for capillary waves in a supported polystyrene/brominated polystyrene double layer [X. Hu, Phys. Rev. E 74, 010602(R) (2006)].
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark L Henle
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
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