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Kasiński A, Zielińska-Pisklak M, Oledzka E, Sobczak M. Smart Hydrogels - Synthetic Stimuli-Responsive Antitumor Drug Release Systems. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:4541-4572. [PMID: 32617004 PMCID: PMC7326401 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s248987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Among modern drug formulations, stimuli-responsive hydrogels also called "smart hydrogels" deserve a special attention. The basic feature of this system is the ability to change their mechanical properties, swelling ability, hydrophilicity, bioactive molecules permeability, etc., influenced by various stimuli, such as temperature, pH, electromagnetic radiation, magnetic field and biological factors. Therefore, stimuli-responsive matrices can be potentially used in tissue engineering, cell cultures and technology of innovative drug delivery systems (DDSs), releasing the active substances under the control of internal or external stimuli. Moreover, smart hydrogels can be used as injectable DDSs, due to gel-sol transition connected with in situ cross-linking process. Innovative smart hydrogel DDSs can be utilized as matrices for targeted therapy, which enhances the effectiveness of tumor chemotherapy and subsequently limits systemic toxicity. External stimulus sensitivity allows remote control over the drug release profile and gel formation. On the other hand, internal factors provide drg accumulation in tumor tissue and reduce the concentration of active drug form in healthy tissue. In this report, we summarise the basic knowledge and chemical strategies for the synthetic smart hydrogel DDSs applied in antitumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Kasiński
- Department of Biomaterials Chemistry, Chair of Analytical Chemistry and Biomaterials, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw02-097, Poland
| | - Monika Zielińska-Pisklak
- Department of Biomaterials Chemistry, Chair of Analytical Chemistry and Biomaterials, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw02-097, Poland
| | - Ewa Oledzka
- Department of Biomaterials Chemistry, Chair of Analytical Chemistry and Biomaterials, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw02-097, Poland
| | - Marcin Sobczak
- Department of Biomaterials Chemistry, Chair of Analytical Chemistry and Biomaterials, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw02-097, Poland
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Hoang Thi TT, Sinh LH, Huynh DP, Nguyen DH, Huynh C. Self-Assemblable Polymer Smart-Blocks for Temperature-Induced Injectable Hydrogel in Biomedical Applications. Front Chem 2020; 8:19. [PMID: 32083052 PMCID: PMC7005785 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-assembled temperature-induced injectable hydrogels fabricated via self-assembly of polymer smart-blocks have been widely investigated as drug delivery systems and platforms for tissue regeneration. Polymer smart-blocks that can be self-assembly play an important role in fabrication of hydrogels because they can self-assemble to induce the gelation of their copolymer in aqueous solution. The self-assembly occurs in response to an external stimulus change, such as temperature, pH, glucose, ionic strength, light, magnetic field, electric field, or their combination, which results in property transformations like hydrophobicity, ionization, and conformational change. The self-assembly smart-block based copolymers exist as a solution in aqueous media at certain conditions that are suitable for mixing with bioactive molecules and/or cells. However, this solution turns into a hydrogel due to the self-assembly of the smart-blocks under exposure to an external stimulus change in vitro or injection into the living body for a controllable release of loaded bioactive molecules or serving as a biomaterial scaffold for tissue regeneration. This work reports current scenery in the development of these self-assembly smart-blocks for fabrication of temperature-induced injectable physically cross-linked hydrogels and their potential application as drug delivery systems and platforms for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thai Thanh Hoang Thi
- Biomaterials and Nanotechnology Research Group, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Le Hoang Sinh
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Dai Phu Huynh
- Faculty of Materials Technology and Polymer Research Center, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology, VNU HCM, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Dai Hai Nguyen
- Institute of Applied Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Cong Huynh
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
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Kim S, Traore YL, Chen Y, Ho EA, Liu S. Switchable On-Demand Release of a Nanocarrier from a Segmented Reservoir Type Intravaginal Ring Filled with a pH-Responsive Supramolecular Polyurethane Hydrogel. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2018; 1:652-662. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.8b00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seungil Kim
- Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Yannick Leandre Traore
- Laboratory for Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Kitchener, Ontario N2G 1C5, Canada
| | - Yufei Chen
- Laboratory for Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Kitchener, Ontario N2G 1C5, Canada
| | - Emmanuel A. Ho
- Laboratory for Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Kitchener, Ontario N2G 1C5, Canada
| | - Song Liu
- Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
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Abstract
This article reviews stimuli-responsive and biostable polyurethanes (PUs) and discusses biomedical applications of smart PUs with a particular focus on long-term implantable PU biomaterials such as PU generated artificial blood vessels, artificial intervertebral discs (IVDs), and intravaginal rings (IVRs). Recently, smart PUs have been actively researched to enhance bioactivity, biocompatibility, and reduce drug side effects. Although biodegradability is important in regenerative medicine, biostability of PU plays a key role for long-term implantable biomaterials. This article reviews recent publications of research and inventions of stimuli-responsive and biostable PUs. Applications of smart PUs in long-term implantable biomaterials are discussed and linked to the future outlook of smart biostable PU biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungil Kim
- Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Song Liu
- Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada.,Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada.,Department of Medical Microbiology, Rady Faculty of Health Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
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Thambi T, Li Y, Lee DS. Injectable hydrogels for sustained release of therapeutic agents. J Control Release 2017; 267:57-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Kim S, Chen Y, Ho EA, Liu S. Reversibly pH-responsive polyurethane membranes for on-demand intravaginal drug delivery. Acta Biomater 2017; 47:100-112. [PMID: 27717914 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
To provide better protection for women against sexually transmitted infections, on-demand intravaginal drug delivery was attempted by synthesizing reversibly pH-sensitive polyether-polyurethane copolymers using poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and 1,4-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine (HEP). Chemical structure and thermo-characteristics of the synthesized polyurethanes were confirmed by attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), and melting point testing. Membranes were cast by solvent evaporation method using the prepared pH-sensitive polyurethanes. The impact of varying pH on membrane swelling and surface morphology was evaluated via swelling ratio change and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The prepared pH-responsive membranes showed two times higher swelling ratio at pH 4 than pH 7 and pH-triggered switchable surface morphology change. The anionic anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac sodium (NaDF) was used as a model compound for release studies. The prepared pH-responsive polyurethane membranes allowed continuous NaDF release for 24h and around 20% release of total NaDF within 3h at pH 7 but little-to-no drug release at pH 4.5. NaDF permeation across the prepared membranes demonstrated a reversible pH-responsiveness. The pH-responsive polyurethane membranes did not show any noticeable negative impact on vaginal epithelial cell viability or induction of pro-inflammatory cytokine production compared to controls. Overall, the non-cytotoxic HEP-based pH-responsive polyurethane demonstrated its potential to be used in membrane-based implants such as intravaginal rings to achieve on-demand "on-and-off" intravaginal drug delivery. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE A reversible and sharp switch between "off" and "on" drug release is achieved for the first time through new pH-sensitive polyurethane membranes, which can serve as window membranes in reservoir-type intravaginal rings for on-demand drug delivery to prevent sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Close to zero drug release occurs at the normal vaginal pH (4.5) for minimal side effects. Drug release is only triggered by elevation of pH to 7 during heterosexual intercourse. The reversibly sharp and fast "on-and-off" switch arises from the creative incorporation of a pH-sensitive monomer in the soft segment of polyurethane. This polyurethane biomaterial holds great potential to better protect women who are generally at higher risk and are more vulnerable to STIs.
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Sulfamethazine-based pH-sensitive hydrogels with potential application for transcatheter arterial chemoembolization therapy. Acta Biomater 2016; 41:253-63. [PMID: 27184404 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is the most common palliative therapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The conventional TACE technique, which employs the Lipiodol® emulsion, has been widely used for human cancer treatments. However, this delivery system seems to be inconsistent and unstable in maintaining a high concentration of drugs at tumor sites. An alternative approach for TACE is loading drugs into a liquid embolic solution that exists as an injectable solution and can exhibit a sol-to-gel phase transition to form a solidified state once delivered to the tumor site. Here, we develop a novel sulfamethazine-based anionic pH-sensitive block copolymer with potential application as a radiopaque embolic material. The copolymer, named PCL-PEG-SM, and comprised of poly(ε-caprolactone), sulfamethazine, and poly(ethylene glycol), was fabricated by free radical polymerization. An aqueous solution of the developed copolymer underwent a sol-to-gel phase transition upon lowering the environmental pH to create a gel region that covered the physiological condition (pH 7.4, 37°C) and the low pH conditions at tumor sites (pH 6.5-7.0, 37°C). The release of doxorubicin (DOX) from DOX-loaded copolymer hydrogels could be sustained for more than 4weeks in vitro, and the released DOX retained its fully bioactivity via inhibition the proliferation of hepatic cancer cells. The radiopaque embolic formulations that were prepared by mixing copolymer solutions at pH 8.0 with Lipiodol®, a long-lasting X-ray contrast agent, could exhibit the gelation inside the tumor after intratumoral injection or intraarterial administration using a VX2 carcinoma hepatic tumor rabbit model. These results suggest that a novel anionic pH-sensitive copolymer has been developed with a potential application as a liquid radiopaque embolic solution for TACE of HCC. STATE OF SIGNIFICANCE Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) has been widely used as a palliative treatment therapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Conventional TACE technique, which usually employs emulsion of DOX-in-Lipiodol®, followed by an embolic agent, has significant limitation of inconsistency and lack of controlled release ability. To address these limitations of conventional TACE material system, we introduced a novel liquid radiopaque embolic material from our pH-sensitive hydrogel. The material has low viscosity that can be injected via a microcatheter, rather biocompatibility, and drug controlled release ability. Importantly, it can form gel in the tumor as well as tumoral vasculature in response to the lowered pH at the tumor site, which proved the potential for the use to treat HCC by TACE therapy.
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Nguyen QV, Huynh DP, Park JH, Lee DS. Injectable polymeric hydrogels for the delivery of therapeutic agents: A review. Eur Polym J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2015.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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Singh NK, Lee DS. In situ gelling pH- and temperature-sensitive biodegradable block copolymer hydrogels for drug delivery. J Control Release 2014; 193:214-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.04.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Revised: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Manokruang K, Lee DS. Albumin-Conjugated pH/Thermo Responsive Poly(amino urethane) Multiblock Copolymer as an Injectable Hydrogel for Protein Delivery. Macromol Biosci 2013; 13:1195-203. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201300236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Revised: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kiattikhun Manokruang
- Faculty of Science; Department of Chemistry and Materials Science Research Center; Chiang Mai University; Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand
| | - Doo Sung Lee
- Department of Polymer Science and Chemical Engineering; Theranostic Macromolecules Research Center; Sungkyunkwan University; Suwon Gyeonggi-do 440-746 South Korea
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Fitzpatrick SD, Fitzpatrick LE, Thakur A, Mazumder MAJ, Sheardown H. Temperature-sensitive polymers for drug delivery. Expert Rev Med Devices 2013; 9:339-51. [PMID: 22905838 DOI: 10.1586/erd.12.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The ability to undergo rapid changes in response to subtle environmental cues make stimuli- responsive materials attractive candidates for minimally invasive, targeted and personalized drug delivery applications. This special report aims to highlight and provide a brief description of several of the significant natural and synthetic temperature-responsive materials that have clinical relevance for drug delivery applications. This report examines the advantages and disadvantages of natural versus synthetic materials and outlines various scaffold architectures that can be utilized with temperature-sensitive drug delivery materials. The authors provide a commentary on the current state of the field and provide their insight into future expectations for temperature-sensitive drug delivery, emphasizing the importance of the emergence of dual and multiresponsive systems capable of responding precisely to an expanding set of stimuli, thereby allowing the development of disease-specific drug delivery vehicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott D Fitzpatrick
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L7, Canada
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Wang A, Gao H, Sun Y, Sun YL, Yang YW, Wu G, Wang Y, Fan Y, Ma J. Temperature- and pH-responsive nanoparticles of biocompatible polyurethanes for doxorubicin delivery. Int J Pharm 2013; 441:30-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Revised: 11/20/2012] [Accepted: 12/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Yang HY, Zhang XM, Duan LJ, Zhang MY, Gao GH, Zhang HX. Environmental pH-responsive fluorescent PEG-polyurethane for potential optical imaging. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.38880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Loh XJ, Yee BJH, Chia FS. Sustained delivery of paclitaxel using thermogelling poly(PEG/PPG/PCL urethane)s for enhanced toxicity against cancer cells. J Biomed Mater Res A 2012; 100:2686-94. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2012] [Revised: 02/19/2012] [Accepted: 03/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Popescu MT, Tsitsilianis C, Papadakis CM, Adelsberger J, Balog S, Busch P, Hadjiantoniou NA, Patrickios CS. Stimuli-Responsive Amphiphilic Polyelectrolyte Heptablock Copolymer Physical Hydrogels: An Unusual pH-Response. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma300222d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Teodora Popescu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, 26504, Patras, Greece
- Institute of Chemical Engineering and High Temperature Chemical Processes, ICE/HT-FORTH, P.O. Box 1414, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Constantinos Tsitsilianis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, 26504, Patras, Greece
- Institute of Chemical Engineering and High Temperature Chemical Processes, ICE/HT-FORTH, P.O. Box 1414, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Christine M. Papadakis
- Fachgebiet Physik weicher Materie,
Physikdepartment, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Strasse 1, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Joseph Adelsberger
- Fachgebiet Physik weicher Materie,
Physikdepartment, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Strasse 1, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Sandor Balog
- Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Peter Busch
- Jülich Centre for Neutron
Science at FRM II, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Lichtenbergstrasse 1, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | | | - Costas S. Patrickios
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cyprus, P.O. Box 20537, 1678 Nicosia,
Cyprus
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Vermonden
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80082, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Loh XJ, Guerin W, Guillaume SM. Sustained delivery of doxorubicin from thermogelling poly(PEG/PPG/PTMC urethane)s for effective eradication of cancer cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm33777k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Huynh CT, Nguyen MK, Lee DS. Injectable Block Copolymer Hydrogels: Achievements and Future Challenges for Biomedical Applications. Macromolecules 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ma201261m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cong Truc Huynh
- Theranostic Macromolecules Research Center, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746, South Korea
| | - Minh Khanh Nguyen
- Theranostic Macromolecules Research Center, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reverse University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Doo Sung Lee
- Theranostic Macromolecules Research Center, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746, South Korea
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In Situ gelling and drug release behavior from novel temperature-sensitive polyaspartamides. Macromol Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-011-0507-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Zhou W, An X, Gong J, Shen W, Chen Z, Wang X. Synthesis, characteristics, and phase behavior of a thermosensitive and pH-sensitive polyelectrolyte. J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.33833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Zheng Y, Nguyen MK, He C, Huynh CT, Lee DS. pH- and temperature-sensitive PCL-grafted poly(β-amino ester)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(β-amino ester) copolymer hydrogels. Macromol Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-010-1110-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Synthesis and physical gels of pH- and thermo-responsive tertiary amine methacrylate based ABA triblock copolymers and drug release studies. POLYMER 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2010.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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pH-sensitive and bioadhesive poly(β-amino ester)–poly(ethylene glycol)–poly(β-amino ester) triblock copolymer hydrogels with potential for drug delivery in oral mucosal surfaces. POLYMER 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2009.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Dayananda K, He C, Park DK, Park TG, Lee DS. pH- and temperature-sensitive multiblock copolymer hydrogels composed of poly(ethylene glycol) and poly(amino urethane). POLYMER 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2008.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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