1
|
Shajahan R, Sarang R, Saithalavi A. Polymer Supported Proline-Based Organocatalysts in Asymmetric Aldol Reactions: A Review. CURRENT ORGANOCATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/2213337209666220112094231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The use of proline-based organocatalysts has acquired significant importance in organic synthesis, especially in enantioselective synthesis. Proline and its derivatives are proven to be quite effective chiral organocatalysts for a variety of transformations including the aldol reaction, which is considered as one of the important C-C bond forming reactions in organic synthesis. The use of chiral organocatalysts has several advantages over its metal-mediated analogues. Subsequently, a large number of highly efficient proline-based organocatalysts including polymer-supported chiral analogues have been identified for aldol reaction. The use of polymer-supported organocatalysts exhibited remarkable stability under the reaction conditions and offered the best results particularly in terms of its recyclability and reusability. These potential benefits along with its economic and green chemistry advantages have led to the search for many polymer-supported proline catalysts. In this review, recent developments in exploring various polymer immobilized proline-based chiral organocatalysts for asymmetric aldol reactions are described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rubina Shajahan
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, India-686560
| | - Rithwik Sarang
- Institute for Integrated Programmes and Research in Basic Sciences (IIRBS), Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, India-686560
| | - Anas Saithalavi
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, India-686560
- Institute for Integrated Programmes and Research in Basic Sciences (IIRBS), Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, India-686560
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bioinspired Polymer-Bound Organocatalysts for Direct Asymmetric Aldol Reaction: Experimental and Computational Studies. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9050398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of poly(2-oxazoline) (POX) derivatives bearing prolinamide pendants were designed as organocatalysts and evaluated in the direct asymmetric aldol reaction between aromatic aldehydes and cyclic ketones. The structural variation of the alkyl spacer connecting the polymer backbone with the catalytic unit was applied so as to deduce structure–performance relationships combined with comparable experiments from model catalysts. Results showed that the POX-bound prolinamides can promote the aldol reaction more effectively as compared to their small-molecular and non-POX-bound analogs. The catalyst P3 containing the pyrrolidine moiety closer to the tertiary amide backbone exhibited the overall best catalytic efficiency, affording anti-products in 84% yield with 89% ee in the representative aldol addition of cyclohexanone to 4-nitrobenzaldehyde at a 10 mol.% catalyst loading. Furthermore, the influence of trifluoroacetic acid as an additive on the asymmetric transformation was investigated. Theoretical calculations revealed that the protonation of the aldehyde carbonyl group switched the activation mode of the aldol acceptor through hydrogen bond interactions, thereby changing the relative energy barrier of the enamine/aldehyde reaction transition states, which accounted well for the significant improvement in the enantioselectivity of the acidic additives observed experimentally.
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu K, Ye L, Wang Y, Du G, Jiang L. A Pseudopeptide Polymer Micelle Used for Asymmetric Catalysis of the Aldol Reaction in Water. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E1004. [PMID: 30960929 PMCID: PMC6403597 DOI: 10.3390/polym10091004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Micelles assembled from amphiphilic molecules have proved to be ideal scaffolds to construct artificial catalysts mimicking enzymatic catalytic behavior. In this paper, we describe the synthesis of amphiphilic poly(2-oxazoline) derivatives with l-prolinamide units in the side chain and their application in asymmetric aldol reactions. Upon dissolution in water, the pseudopeptide polymers self-assembled into particles with different sizes, relying on the copolymer composition and distribution of hydrophilic/hydrophobic segments in the polymer chain. A preliminary study has demonstrated that the catalytic activity of these polymeric organocatalysts are strongly dependent on the aggregated architecture. The micelle-type assemblies can act as nanoreactors to efficiently promote the direct aldolisation of cyclohexanone with aromatic aldehydes in aqueous media, affording anti-aldol products in excellent yields (88⁻99%) and higher stereoselectivities (90/10 dr, 86% ee) compared to their nonmicellar systems under identical conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keyuan Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Long Ye
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Yao Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Ganhong Du
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Liming Jiang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bauri K, Nandi M, De P. Amino acid-derived stimuli-responsive polymers and their applications. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py02014g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The recent advances achieved in the study of various stimuli-responsive polymers derived from natural amino acids have been reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Bauri
- Department of Chemistry
- Raghunathpur College
- India
| | - Mridula Nandi
- Polymer Research Centre and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata
- India
| | - Priyadarsi De
- Polymer Research Centre and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata
- India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Quan H, Tian H, Huang Z, Long Y. Salt stimulus response of a carboxyl betaine amphoteric hydrophobic associative polyacrylamide. RUSS J APPL CHEM+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070427217070266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
6
|
Responsive Polymer Nanostructures. POLYMER-ENGINEERED NANOSTRUCTURES FOR ADVANCED ENERGY APPLICATIONS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-57003-7_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
|
7
|
Hu F, Du G, Ye L, Zhu Y, Wang Y, Jiang L. Novel amphiphilic poly(2-oxazoline)s bearing l-prolinamide moieties as the pendants: Synthesis, micellization and catalytic activity in aqueous aldol reaction. POLYMER 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.08.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
8
|
Taktak F, Bütün V. Novel zwitterionic ABA-type triblock copolymer for pH- and salt-controlled release of risperidone. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2015.1099100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
9
|
Maji T, Banerjee S, Biswas Y, Mandal TK. Dual-Stimuli-Responsive l-Serine-Based Zwitterionic UCST-Type Polymer with Tunable Thermosensitivity. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b01099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tanmoy Maji
- Polymer
Science Unit, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700
032, India
| | - Sanjib Banerjee
- Polymer
Science Unit, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700
032, India
| | - Yajnaseni Biswas
- Polymer
Science Unit, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700
032, India
| | - Tarun K. Mandal
- Polymer
Science Unit, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700
032, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Gitsov I, Wang L, Vladimirov N, Simonyan A, Kiemle DJ, Schutz A. “Green” Synthesis of Unnatural Poly(Amino Acid)s with Zwitterionic Character and pH-Responsive Solution Behavior, Mediated by Linear–Dendritic Laccase Complexes. Biomacromolecules 2014; 15:4082-95. [DOI: 10.1021/bm501126a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Andri Schutz
- Department
of Materials Science, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Liu Y, Tong Q, Ge L, Zhang Y, Hua L, Fan Y. A novel poly(N-isopropyl-acrylamine-co-l-proline) catalyst for aldol reaction: synthesis, catalytic performance and recyclability. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra05951d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel homogeneous copolymer catalyst, poly(N-isopropyl-acrylamine-co-l-proline), possesses excellent activity and stereoselectivities. Even after ten cycles, the catalytic activity and stereoselectivities remained almost unchanged. The circular dichroism spectra of the copolymer catalyst are apparently different from the corresponding monomer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yubing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093, China
- Nanjing University-Yangzhou Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
| | - Qing Tong
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093, China
- Nanjing University-Yangzhou Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
| | - Liya Ge
- Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre
- Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 637141, Singapore
- Natural Sciences and Science Education Academic Group
| | - Yu Zhang
- Nanjing University-Yangzhou Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Yizheng 211400, China
| | - Lin Hua
- Nanjing University-Yangzhou Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Yizheng 211400, China
- Linovus Technology Pte Ltd
- Singapore 159637, Singapore
| | - Yining Fan
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093, China
- Nanjing University-Yangzhou Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chen H, Wang ZM, Ye ZB, Han LJ. The solution behavior of hydrophobically associating zwitterionic polymer in salt water. J Appl Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/app.39707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chen
- State Key laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation; Southwest Petroleum University; Chengdu People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Min Wang
- State Key laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation; Southwest Petroleum University; Chengdu People's Republic of China
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Southwest Petroleum University; Chengdu People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Bin Ye
- State Key laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation; Southwest Petroleum University; Chengdu People's Republic of China
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Southwest Petroleum University; Chengdu People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Juan Han
- State Key laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation; Southwest Petroleum University; Chengdu People's Republic of China
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Southwest Petroleum University; Chengdu People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Huerta E, Stals PJM, Meijer EW, Palmans ARA. Consequences of Folding a Water-Soluble Polymer Around an Organocatalyst. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201207123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
14
|
Huerta E, Stals PJM, Meijer EW, Palmans ARA. Consequences of Folding a Water-Soluble Polymer Around an Organocatalyst. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 52:2906-10. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201207123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2012] [Revised: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
15
|
Bañón-Caballero A, Guillena G, Nájera C. Cross-Linked-Polymer-SupportedN-{2′-[(Arylsulfonyl)amino][1,1′-binaphthalen]-2-yl}prolinamide as Organocatalyst for the Direct Aldol Intermolecular Reaction under Solvent-Free Conditions. Helv Chim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201200422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
16
|
Doyagüez EG, Rodríguez-Hernández J, Corrales G, Fernández-Mayoralas A, Gallardo A. Water-Soluble Pendant Copolymers Bearing Proline and Permethylated β-Cyclodextrin: pH-Dependent Catalytic Nanoreactors. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma301615a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa G. Doyagüez
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General, CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Guillermo Corrales
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General, CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Alberto Gallardo
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología
de Polímeros, CSIC, Juan de la Cierva
3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhao Q, Lam YH, Kheirabadi M, Xu C, Houk KN, Schafmeister CE. Hydrophobic substituent effects on proline catalysis of aldol reactions in water. J Org Chem 2012; 77:4784-92. [PMID: 22500641 PMCID: PMC3589585 DOI: 10.1021/jo300569c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Derivatives of 4-hydroxyproline with a series of hydrophobic groups in well-defined orientations have been tested as catalysts for the aldol reactions. All of the modified proline catalysts carry out the intermolecular aldol reaction in water and provide high diastereoselectivity and enantioselectivity. Modified prolines with aromatic groups syn to the carboxylic acid are better catalysts than those with small hydrophobic groups (1a is 43.5 times faster than 1f). Quantum mechanical calculations provide transition structures, TS-1a(water) and TS-1f(water), that support the hypothesis that a stabilizing hydrophobic interaction occurs with 1a.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingquan Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 N. 13 Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122
| | - Yu-hong Lam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569
| | - Mahboubeh Kheirabadi
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 N. 13 Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122
| | - Chongsong Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 N. 13 Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122
| | - K. N. Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Schunk T, Hirsch A. Dendritic Architectures with Positively Charged Cores and Negatively Charged Shells. European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201101619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
19
|
Doyagüez EG, Corrales G, Garrido L, Rodríguez-Hernández J, Gallardo A, Fernández-Mayoralas A. Linear Copolymers of Proline Methacrylate and Styrene as Catalysts for Aldol Reactions in Water: Effect of the Copolymer Aggregation on the Enantioselectivity. Macromolecules 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ma201159n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa G. Doyagüez
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General, CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Corrales
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General, CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Leoncio Garrido
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros, CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Alberto Gallardo
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros, CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ikeda A, Terada K, Shiotsuki M, Sanda F. Synthesis of polymers bearing proline moieties in the side chains and their application as catalysts for asymmetric induction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.24813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
21
|
Evans AC, Lu A, Ondeck C, Longbottom DA, O’Reilly RK. Organocatalytic Tunable Amino Acid Polymers Prepared by Controlled Radical Polymerization. Macromolecules 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ma1008447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda C. Evans
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Annhelen Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K
| | - Courtney Ondeck
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Deborah A. Longbottom
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Rachel K. O’Reilly
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Kristensen TE, Hansen T. Polymer‐Supported Chiral Organocatalysts: Synthetic Strategies for the Road Towards Affordable Polymeric Immobilization. European J Org Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201000319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tor E. Kristensen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1033 Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway, Fax: +47‐2285‐5441
| | - Tore Hansen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1033 Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway, Fax: +47‐2285‐5441
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kristensen TE, Vestli K, Jakobsen MG, Hansen FK, Hansen T. A General Approach for Preparation of Polymer-Supported Chiral Organocatalysts via Acrylic Copolymerization. J Org Chem 2010; 75:1620-9. [PMID: 20141122 DOI: 10.1021/jo902585j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tor E. Kristensen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristian Vestli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Martin G. Jakobsen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Finn K. Hansen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Tore Hansen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Gruttadauria M, Salvo AMP, Giacalone F, Agrigento P, Noto R. Enhanced Activity and Stereoselectivity of Polystyrene-Supported Proline-Based Organic Catalysts for Direct Asymmetric Aldol Reaction in Water. European J Org Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200900829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|