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Sample CS, Hoehn BD, Hillmyer MA. Cross-Linked Polyolefins through Tandem ROMP/Hydrogenation. ACS Macro Lett 2024; 13:395-400. [PMID: 38502944 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Cross-linked polyolefins have important advantages over their thermoplastic analogues, particularly improved impact strength and abrasion resistance, as well as increased chemical and thermal stability; however, most strategies for their production involve postpolymerization cross-linking of polyolefin chains. Here, a tandem ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP)/hydrogenation approach is presented. Cyclooctene (COE)-co-dicyclopentadiene (DCPD) networks are first synthesized using ROMP, after which the dispersed Ru metathesis catalyst is activated for hydrogenation through the addition of hydrogen gas. The reaction temperature for hydrogenation must be sufficiently high to allow mobility within the system, as dictated by thermal transitions (i.e., glass and melting transitions) of the polymeric matrix. COE-rich materials exhibit branched-polyethylene-like crystallinity (25% crystallinity) and melting points (Tm = 107 °C), as well as excellent ductility (>750% extension), while majority DCPD materials are glassy (Tg = 84 °C) and much stiffer (E = 710 MPa); all materials exhibit high tensile toughness. Importantly, hydrogenation of olefins in these cross-linked materials leads to notable improvements in oxidative stability, as saturated networks do not experience the same substantial degradation of mechanical performance as their unsaturated counterparts upon prolonged exposure to air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin S Sample
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Brenden D Hoehn
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Marc A Hillmyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
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2
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Park J, Kwak SY. Frontal polymerization-triggered simultaneous ring-opening metathesis polymerization and cross metathesis affords anisotropic macroporous dicyclopentadiene cellulose nanocrystal foam. Commun Chem 2022; 5:119. [PMID: 36697913 PMCID: PMC9814902 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-022-00740-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Multifunctionality and effectiveness of macroporous solid foams in extreme environments have captivated the attention of both academia and industries. The most recent rapid, energy-efficient strategy to manufacture solid foams with directionality is the frontal polymerization (FP) of dicyclopentadiene (DCPD). However, there still remains the need for a time efficient one-pot approach to induce anisotropic macroporosity in DCPD foams. Here we show a rapid production of cellular solids by frontally polymerizing a mixture of DCPD monomer and allyl-functionalized cellulose nanocrystals (ACs). Our results demonstrate a clear correlation between increasing % allylation and AC wt%, and the formed pore architectures. Especially, we show enhanced front velocity (vf) and reduced reaction initiation time (tinit) by introducing an optimal amount of 2 wt% AC. Conclusively, the small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS, WAXS) analyses reveal that the incorporation of 2 wt% AC affects the crystal structure of FP-mediated DCPD/AC foams and enhances their oxidation resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsu Park
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826 South Korea
| | - Seung-Yeop Kwak
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826 South Korea ,grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826 South Korea ,grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826 South Korea
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3
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Hase K, Matsuoka SI, Suzuki M. Four Stereoisomeric Norbornadiene Dimers Containing a Cyclopropane Ring: ROMP, Polymer Properties, and Post-Polymerization Modification. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Hase
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Aichi, Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Matsuoka
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Aichi, Japan
| | - Masato Suzuki
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Aichi, Japan
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4
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Zamalyutin VV, Ryabov AV, Solomakha EA, Katsman EA, Flid VR, Tkachenko OY, Shpinyova MA. Liquid-phase heterogeneous hydrogenation of dicyclopentadiene. Russ Chem Bull 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-022-3521-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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5
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Kwon DJ, Shin PS, Yoo HM. Effects of Ru catalyst changes by atmospheric exposure days on the interfacial and impact properties of glass fiber/p-DCPD composites. JOURNAL OF POLYMER ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2020-0157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The ruthenium (Ru) catalyst is the most recently developed poly dicyclopentadiene (p-DCPD) polymer catalyst known to promote stable reactions, even upon contact with oxygen. However, the experimental results showed that exposure times exceeding three days can cause problems during curing due to reaction between oxygen and Ru catalyst. Consequently, 12 days of exposure degraded the mechanical and interfacial properties of p-DCPD or p-DCPD composites reinforced with 40 wt% 50-mm GF by 60%. The structural analysis simulation of the target product also showed noticeable changes in the catalyst that was exposed to air atmosphere for more than six days, which can deteriorate quality. This study demonstrated that when molding structures using p-DCPD, special care should be taken to control atmospheric exposure of the ruthenium catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Jun Kwon
- Research Institute for Green Energy Convergence Technology (RIGET), Gyeongsang National University , Jinju 660-701 , Republic of Korea
| | - Pyeong-Su Shin
- Department of Materials Engineering and Convergence Technology , Engineering Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University , Jinju 660-701 , Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong Min Yoo
- School of Mechanical Engineering , Korea University of Technology and Education (KOREATECH) , Cheonan 31253 , Republic of Korea
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6
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Yang X, Murphy LM, Haque FM, Grayson SM, Boydston AJ. A highly efficient metal-free protocol for the synthesis of linear polydicyclopentadiene. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00191d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a highly efficient synthesis of linear polydicyclopentadiene (pDCPD) via photoredox mediated metal-free ring-opening metathesis polymerization (MF-ROMP) and investigated the Tg–Mn dependence of linear pDCPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejin Yang
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Wisconsin-Madison
- Madison
- USA
| | - Laura M. Murphy
- Division of Sciences and Mathematics
- School of Integrated Arts and Sciences
- University of Washington Tacoma
- Tacoma
- USA
| | - Farihah M. Haque
- Department of Chemistry
- Tulane University
- New Orleans
- USA
- Department of Chemistry
| | | | - Andrew J. Boydston
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Wisconsin-Madison
- Madison
- USA
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
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7
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Yin Z, Guo J, Qiao J, Chen X. Improved self-healing properties and crack growth resistance of polydimethylsiloxane elastomers with dual-capsule room-temperature healing systems. Colloid Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-019-04587-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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8
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McGann CL, Daniels GC, Giles SL, Balow RB, Miranda-Zayas JL, Lundin JG, Wynne JH. Air Activated Self-Decontaminating Polydicyclopentadiene PolyHIPE Foams for Rapid Decontamination of Chemical Warfare Agents. Macromol Rapid Commun 2018; 39:e1800194. [PMID: 29786164 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201800194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The threat of chemical warfare agents (CWA) compels research into novel self-decontaminating materials (SDM) for the continued safety of first-responders, civilians, and active service personnel. The capacity to actively detoxify, as opposed to merely sequester, offending agents under typical environmental conditions defines the added value of SDMs in comparison to traditional adsorptive materials. Porous polymers, synthesized via the high internal phase emulsion (HIPE) templating, provide a facile fabrication method for materials with permeable open cellular structures that may serve in air filtration applications. PolyHIPEs comprising polydicyclopentadiene (polyDCPD) networks form stable hydroperoxide species following activation in air under ambient conditions. The hydroperoxide-containing polyDCPD materials react quickly with CWA simulants, Demeton-S and 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide, forming oxidation products as confirmed via gas chromatography mass spectrometry. The simplicity of the detoxification chemistry paired with the porous foam form factor presents an exciting opportunity for the development of self-decontaminating filter media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher L McGann
- Chemistry Division, Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Ave. SW, Washington, D.C., 20375, USA
| | - Grant C Daniels
- Chemistry Division, Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Ave. SW, Washington, D.C., 20375, USA
| | - Spencer L Giles
- Chemistry Division, Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Ave. SW, Washington, D.C., 20375, USA
| | - Robert B Balow
- Chemistry Division, Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Ave. SW, Washington, D.C., 20375, USA
| | - Jorge L Miranda-Zayas
- Chemistry Division, Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Ave. SW, Washington, D.C., 20375, USA
| | - Jeffrey G Lundin
- Chemistry Division, Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Ave. SW, Washington, D.C., 20375, USA
| | - James H Wynne
- Chemistry Division, Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Ave. SW, Washington, D.C., 20375, USA
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Cuthbert TJ, Li T, Speed AWH, Wulff JE. Structure of the Thermally Induced Cross-Link in C-Linked Methyl Ester-Functionalized Polydicyclopentadiene (fPDCPD). Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b02750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tyler J. Cuthbert
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, PO Box 3065 STN CSC, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3V6
| | - Tong Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, PO Box 3065 STN CSC, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3V6
| | - Alexander W. H. Speed
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, PO Box 15000, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 4R2
| | - Jeremy E. Wulff
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, PO Box 3065 STN CSC, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3V6
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10
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Advances in self-healing materials based on vascular networks with mechanical self-repair characteristics. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 252:21-37. [PMID: 29329666 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2017.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Here, we review the state-of-the-art in the field of engineered self-healing materials. These materials mimic the functionalities of various natural materials found in the human body (e.g., the healing of skin and bones by the vascular system). The fabrication methods used to produce these "vascular-system-like" engineered self-healing materials, such as electrospinning (including co-electrospinning and emulsion spinning) and solution blowing (including coaxial solution blowing and emulsion blowing) are discussed in detail. Further, a few other approaches involving the use of hollow fibers are also described. In addition, various currently used healing materials/agents, such as dicyclopentadiene and Grubbs' catalyst, poly(dimethyl siloxane), and bisphenol-A-based epoxy, are described. We also review the characterization methods employed to verify the physical and chemical aspects of self-healing, that is, the methods used to confirm that the healing agent has been released and that it has resulted in healing, as well as the morphological changes induced in the damaged material by the healing agent. These characterization methods include different visualization and spectroscopy techniques and thermal analysis methods. Special attention is paid to the characterization of the mechanical consequences of self-healing. The effects of self-healing on the mechanical properties such as stiffness and adhesion of the damaged material are evaluated using the tensile test, double cantilever beam test, plane strip test, bending test, and adhesion test (e.g., blister test). Finally, the future direction of the development of these systems is discussed.
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11
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Tsai CW, Wu KH, Wang JC, Shih CC. Synthesis, characterization, and properties of petroleum-based methacrylate polymers derived from tricyclodecane for microelectronics and optoelectronics applications. J IND ENG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2017.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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Sun Q, Ma S, Ge Z, Luo Y. Preparation and curing behavior of high-stress solid propellant binder based on polydicyclopentadiene. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0954008316664797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The ring-opening metathesis polymerization reaction of dicyclopentadiene (DCPD) was carried out using Grubbs first generation catalyst. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), dynamic-thermo mechanical analysis (DMA), and Raman spectroscopy were used to investigate the curing behavior of this polymer. The FTIR results showed that DCPD had not cured completely and the polymers were composed of linear and cross-linked polydicyclopentadiene (PDCPD). The DMA test showed that the polymer possesses the glass transition temperature of linear PDCPD and cross-linked PDCPD, which had also proved the FTIR result. Furthermore, in order to explain the strange phenomenon that the band at 3004 cm−1 should have been detected in infrared spectrum, the Raman spectrum of PDCPD was applied to analyze the bonding mechanism of =C–H bond in the process of polymerization. Moreover, the real-time FTIR result cure formula showed that the cure degree increases first then constants trend with cure time of increasing, the cure degree reached the maximum value (96.76%) at 60°C for 192 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qili Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Song Ma
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Ge
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yunjun Luo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
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Crespy D, Landfester K, Fickert J, Rohwerder M. Self-Healing for Anticorrosion Based on Encapsulated Healing Agents. SELF-HEALING MATERIALS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2015_342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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14
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Tran TH, Vimalanandan A, Genchev G, Fickert J, Landfester K, Crespy D, Rohwerder M. Regenerative nano-hybrid coating tailored for autonomous corrosion protection. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:3825-3830. [PMID: 26009860 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201501044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Revised: 04/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A novel bilayer coating system for autonomous corrosion-triggered self-healing is demonstrated. The storage of the encapsulated monomer and the catalyst is separated in two different layers. The encapsulated catalyst is stored inside a metallic coating, which ensures its activity even for an extended exposure time. The release from the capsules is triggered by corrosion and the correlated pH increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- The Hai Tran
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, 40237, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Georgi Genchev
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, 40237, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | | | - Daniel Crespy
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Michael Rohwerder
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, 40237, Düsseldorf, Germany
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15
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The chemistry of the carbon-transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2013. Coord Chem Rev 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2014.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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16
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Two commercially available initiators for the retarded ring-opening metathesis polymerization of dicyclopentadiene. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-014-1249-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Kim SH, Shin SJ, Lenhardt JM, Braun T, Sain JD, Valdez CA, Leif RN, Kucheyev SO, Wu KJJ, Biener J, Satcher JH, Hamza AV. Deterministic control over high-Z doping of polydicyclopentadiene-based aerogel coatings. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:8111-8119. [PMID: 23895541 DOI: 10.1021/am4021878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We report on simple and efficient routes to dope polydicyclopentadiene (PDCPD)-based aerogels and their coatings with high-Z tracer elements. Initially, direct halogenation of PDCPD wet gels and aerogels with elemental iodine or bromine was studied. Although several pathways were identified that allowed doping of PDCPD aerogels by direct addition of bromine or iodine to the unsaturated polymer backbone, they all provided limited control over the amount and uniformity of doping, especially at very low dopant concentrations. Deterministic control over the doping level in polymeric aerogels and aerogel coatings was then achieved by developing a copolymerization approach with iodine and tin containing comonomers. Our results highlight the versatility of the ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP)-based copolymerization approach in terms of functionalization and doping of low density polymeric aerogels and their coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Ho Kim
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, USA.
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