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Askari MJ, Kallick JD, McCrory CCL. Selective Reduction of Aqueous Nitrate to Ammonium with an Electropolymerized Chromium Molecular Catalyst. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:7439-7455. [PMID: 38465608 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Nitrate (NO3-) is a common nitrogen-containing contaminant in agricultural, industrial, and low-level nuclear wastewater that causes significant environmental damage. In this work, we report a bioinspired Cr-based molecular catalyst incorporated into a redox polymer that selectively and efficiently reduces aqueous NO3- to ammonium (NH4+), a desirable value-added fertilizer component and industrial precursor, at rates of ∼0.36 mmol NH4+ mgcat-1 h-1 with >90% Faradaic efficiency for NH4+. The NO3- reduction reaction occurs through a cascade catalysis mechanism involving the stepwise reduction of NO3- to NH4+ via observed NO2- and NH2OH intermediates. To our knowledge, this is one of the first examples of a molecular catalyst, homogeneous or heterogenized, that is reported to reduce aqueous NO3- to NH4+ with rates and Faradaic efficiencies comparable to those of state-of-the-art solid-state electrocatalysts. This work highlights a promising and previously unexplored area of electrocatalyst research using polymer-catalyst composites containing complexes with oxophilic transition metal active sites for electrochemical nitrate remediation with nutrient recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiko J Askari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Jeremy D Kallick
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Charles C L McCrory
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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Vallan L, Istif E, Gómez IJ, Alegret N, Mantione D. Thiophene-Based Trimers and Their Bioapplications: An Overview. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1977. [PMID: 34208624 PMCID: PMC8234281 DOI: 10.3390/polym13121977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Certainly, the success of polythiophenes is due in the first place to their outstanding electronic properties and superior processability. Nevertheless, there are additional reasons that contribute to arouse the scientific interest around these materials. Among these, the large variety of chemical modifications that is possible to perform on the thiophene ring is a precious aspect. In particular, a turning point was marked by the diffusion of synthetic strategies for the preparation of terthiophenes: the vast richness of approaches today available for the easy customization of these structures allows the finetuning of their chemical, physical, and optical properties. Therefore, terthiophene derivatives have become an extremely versatile class of compounds both for direct application or for the preparation of electronic functional polymers. Moreover, their biocompatibility and ease of functionalization make them appealing for biology and medical research, as it testifies to the blossoming of studies in these fields in which they are involved. It is thus with the willingness to guide the reader through all the possibilities offered by these structures that this review elucidates the synthetic methods and describes the full chemical variety of terthiophenes and their derivatives. In the final part, an in-depth presentation of their numerous bioapplications intends to provide a complete picture of the state of the art.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Vallan
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (LCPO—UMR 5629), Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, CNRS F, 33607 Pessac, France;
| | - Emin Istif
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Koç University, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sarıyer, Istanbul 34450, Turkey;
| | - I. Jénnifer Gómez
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 61137 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Nuria Alegret
- POLYMAT and Departamento de Química Aplicada, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Daniele Mantione
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Koç University, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sarıyer, Istanbul 34450, Turkey;
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Meloni F, Spychalska K, Zając D, Pilo MI, Zucca A, Cabaj J. Application of a Thiadiazole‐derivative in a Tyrosinase‐based Amperometric Biosensor for Epinephrine Detection. ELECTROANAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202060610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Meloni
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy University of Sassari Via Vienna 2 07100 Sassari Italy
| | - Kamila Spychalska
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Microbiology Faculty of Chemistry Wrocław University of Science and Technology Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27 50-370 Wrocław Poland
| | - Dorota Zając
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Microbiology Faculty of Chemistry Wrocław University of Science and Technology Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27 50-370 Wrocław Poland
| | - Maria Itria Pilo
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy University of Sassari Via Vienna 2 07100 Sassari Italy
| | - Antonio Zucca
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy University of Sassari Via Vienna 2 07100 Sassari Italy
| | - Joanna Cabaj
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Microbiology Faculty of Chemistry Wrocław University of Science and Technology Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27 50-370 Wrocław Poland
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Yin H, Yang T, Wang KZ, Tong J, Yu SY. Unusual Photoelectrochemical Properties of Electropolymerized Films of a Triphenylamine-Containing Organic Small Molecule. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:12620-12629. [PMID: 31500421 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b01578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The electropolymerized films of poly(L)n on an indium-tin oxide (ITO) electrode was prepared by anodic electrooxidation of a dichloromethane solution of a triphenylamine-carrying organic molecule L and were characterized/studied by ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and photoelectrochemical measurements. Poly(L)n films were found to show surface-controlled TPA•+1/0 associated quasi-reversible redox and exceptionally high photocurrent generation properties. At a zero external bias potential and under 100 mW/cm2 white light irradiation, a photoelectrochemical device composed of a poly(L)1-modified ITO as the working electode, a platinum disk counter electrode, and saturated calomel electrode reference electrode in a 0.1 M Na2SO4 aqueous solution exhibited a significant cathode photocurrent density of 2.2 μA/cm2, which could be switched to be anodic and outperform most previously reported molecule-based modified ITO electrodes under similar experimental conditions. The results indicate that poly(L)n films offer a number of future perspectives ranging from organic photovoltaic to photoelectrochemical catalysis and sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry , Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry , Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ke-Zhi Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry , Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Tong
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Laboratory for Self-Assembly Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Industry, College of Environmental and Energy Engineering , Beijing University of Technology , Beijing 100124 , People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Yan Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Laboratory for Self-Assembly Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Industry, College of Environmental and Energy Engineering , Beijing University of Technology , Beijing 100124 , People's Republic of China
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5
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Three-dimensional high-rate electropolymerized thin film with exceptionally high photocurrent based on a triphenylamine-containing ruthenium complex. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.12.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Yang T, Zhang CX, Li YJ, Fu YH, Yin ZH, Gao LH, Wang KZ. A 3D electropolymerized thin film based on a thiophene-functionalized Ru( ii) complex: electrochemical and photoelectrochemical insights. Inorg Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qi00863b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A 3D electropolymerized Ru(ii) complex film exhibited a rapid redox reaction and an oxygen reduction enhanced photocurrent which increased by 1.5 fold to 2.3 μA cm−2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
- P.R. China
| | - Chen-Xing Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
- P.R. China
| | - Yu-Jia Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
- P.R. China
| | - Ying-Huan Fu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
- P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Han Yin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
- P.R. China
| | - Li-Hua Gao
- School of Science
- Beijing Technology and Business University
- Beijing 100048
- China
| | - Ke-Zhi Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
- P.R. China
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Pilo M, Farre R, Lachowicz JI, Masolo E, Panzanelli A, Sanna G, Senes N, Sobral A, Spano N. Design of Amperometric Biosensors for the Detection of Glucose Prepared by Immobilization of Glucose Oxidase on Conducting (Poly)Thiophene Films. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2018; 2018:1849439. [PMID: 29686926 PMCID: PMC5852879 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1849439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Enzyme-based sensors have emerged as important analytical tools with application in diverse fields, and biosensors for the detection of glucose using the enzyme glucose oxidase have been widely investigated. In this work, the preparation of biosensors by electrochemical polymerization of (poly)thiophenes, namely 2,2'-bithiophene (2,2'-BT) and 4,4'-bis(2-methyl-3-butyn-2-ol)-2,2'-bithiophene (4,4'-bBT), followed by immobilization of glucose oxidase on the films, is described. N-cyclohexyl-N'-(2-morpholinoethyl)carbodiimide metho-p-toluenesulfonate (CMC) was used as a condensing agent, and p-benzoquinone (BQ) was used as a redox mediator in solution. The glucose oxidase electrodes with films of 2,2'-BT and 4,4'-bBT were then tested for their ability in detecting glucose from synthetic and real samples (pear, apricot, and peach fruit juices).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pilo
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Roberta Farre
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Joanna Izabela Lachowicz
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Masolo
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Angelo Panzanelli
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Gavino Sanna
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Nina Senes
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Ana Sobral
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Nadia Spano
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
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Dzhardimalieva GI, Uflyand IE. Review: recent advances in the chemistry of metal chelate monomers. J COORD CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2017.1317347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gulzhian I. Dzhardimalieva
- Laboratory of Metallopolymers, The Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics RAS, Chernogolovka, Moscow Region, Russian Federation
| | - Igor E. Uflyand
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
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10
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González B, del Valle M, Díaz F, Espinosa-Bustos C, Ramírez A, Hernández L. Synthesis and electrochemical characterization of new ruthenium–terthiophene complexes. Polyhedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2015.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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11
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Manca P, Gladiali S, Cozzula D, Zucca A, Sanna G, Spano N, Pilo MI. Oligo-thiophene tethered 1,10-phenanthroline as N-chelating moiety. Electrochemical and optical characterization of the π-conjugated molecule and of the relevant conducting polymer and metallopolymers. POLYMER 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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Et Taouil A, Husson J, Guyard L. Synthesis and characterization of electrochromic [Ru(terpy)2 selenophene]-based polymer film. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2014.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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13
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Plamper FA. Changing Polymer Solvation by Electrochemical Means: Basics and Applications. POROUS CARBONS – HYPERBRANCHED POLYMERS – POLYMER SOLVATION 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2014_284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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