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Nazari S, Abdelrasoul A. Impact of Membrane Modification and Surface Immobilization Techniques on the Hemocompatibility of Hemodialysis Membranes: A Critical Review. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:1063. [PMID: 36363617 PMCID: PMC9698264 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12111063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Despite significant research efforts, hemodialysis patients have poor survival rates and low quality of life. Ultrafiltration (UF) membranes are the core of hemodialysis treatment, acting as a barrier for metabolic waste removal and supplying vital nutrients. So, developing a durable and suitable membrane that may be employed for therapeutic purposes is crucial. Surface modificationis a useful solution to boostmembrane characteristics like roughness, charge neutrality, wettability, hemocompatibility, and functionality, which are important in dialysis efficiency. The modification techniques can be classified as follows: (i) physical modification techniques (thermal treatment, polishing and grinding, blending, and coating), (ii) chemical modification (chemical methods, ozone treatment, ultraviolet-induced grafting, plasma treatment, high energy radiation, and enzymatic treatment); and (iii) combination methods (physicochemical). Despite the fact that each strategy has its own set of benefits and drawbacks, all of these methods yielded noteworthy outcomes, even if quantifying the enhanced performance is difficult. A hemodialysis membrane with outstanding hydrophilicity and hemocompatibility can be achieved by employing the right surface modification and immobilization technique. Modified membranes pave the way for more advancement in hemodialysis membrane hemocompatibility. Therefore, this critical review focused on the impact of the modification method used on the hemocompatibility of dialysis membranes while covering some possible modifications and basic research beyond clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Nazari
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A9, Canada
| | - Amira Abdelrasoul
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A9, Canada
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A9, Canada
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Fischer T, Tenbusch J, Möller M, Singh S. A facile method for grafting functional hydrogel films on PTFE, PVDF, and TPX polymers. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:4315-4324. [PMID: 35621021 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm00313a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The use of polymeric materials in biomedical applications requires a judicious control of surface properties as they are directly related to cellular interactions and biocompatibility. The most desired chemical surface properties include hydrophilicity and the presence of functional groups for surface modification. In this work, we describe a method to graft a highly stable, ultra-thin, amine-functional hydrogel layer onto highly inert surfaces of poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE), poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF), and poly(4-methyl-1-pentene) (PMP or TPX). Covalent grafting is realized with hydrophilic poly(vinylamine-co-acetamide)s by C-H insertion crosslinking (CHic) chemistry initiated by UV light. These polyvinylamides carry tetrafluorophenyl azide groups as photo or thermo activated binding sites and contain further free amine groups, which can be used to bind peptides such as biological ligands, polysaccharides, or other hydrogel layers. The covalently bound surface layers resist intensive Soxhlet extraction confirming the stability of the coating. Fluorescent staining verified the accessibility of free primary amine groups, which can be used for the functionalization of the surface with bioactive molecules. The coating demonstrates hydrophobic wetting behavior when conditioned in air and hydrophilic wetting behavior when conditioned in water showing the presence of loosely crosslinked polymer chains that can re-orient. We believe that the reported application of CHic for the surface modification of fluorinated polymers like PTFE and PVDF as well as TPX can form the basis for advanced biocompatible and biofunctional surface engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten Fischer
- DWI-Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials e.V., Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Jan Tenbusch
- DWI-Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials e.V., Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Martin Möller
- DWI-Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials e.V., Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Smriti Singh
- DWI-Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials e.V., Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52056 Aachen, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institut für medizinische Forschung, Jahnstraße 29, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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3
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Zainol Abidin MN, Nasef MM, Matsuura T. Fouling Prevention in Polymeric Membranes by Radiation Induced Graft Copolymerization. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:197. [PMID: 35012218 PMCID: PMC8747411 DOI: 10.3390/polym14010197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The application of membrane processes in various fields has now undergone accelerated developments, despite the presence of some hurdles impacting the process efficiency. Fouling is arguably the main hindrance for a wider implementation of polymeric membranes, particularly in pressure-driven membrane processes, causing higher costs of energy, operation, and maintenance. Radiation induced graft copolymerization (RIGC) is a powerful versatile technique for covalently imparting selected chemical functionalities to membranes' surfaces, providing a potential solution to fouling problems. This article aims to systematically review the progress in modifications of polymeric membranes by RIGC of polar monomers onto membranes using various low- and high-energy radiation sources (UV, plasma, γ-rays, and electron beam) for fouling prevention. The feasibility of the modification method with respect to physico-chemical and antifouling properties of the membrane is discussed. Furthermore, the major challenges to the modified membranes in terms of sustainability are outlined and the future research directions are also highlighted. It is expected that this review would attract the attention of membrane developers, users, researchers, and scientists to appreciate the merits of using RIGC for modifying polymeric membranes to mitigate the fouling issue, increase membrane lifespan, and enhance the membrane system efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Nidzhom Zainol Abidin
- Chemical and Environmental Engineering Department, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, Kuala Lumpur 54100, Malaysia;
| | - Mohamed Mahmoud Nasef
- Chemical and Environmental Engineering Department, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, Kuala Lumpur 54100, Malaysia;
- Center of Hydrogen Energy, Institute of Future Energy, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, Kuala Lumpur 54100, Malaysia
| | - Takeshi Matsuura
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada;
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Mohd Radzali NA, Mohd Hidzir N, Abdul Rahman I, Mokhtar AK. Mechanical properties of polymeric biomaterials: Modified ePTFE using gamma irradiation. OPEN CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2021-0112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Evaluating the mechanical properties of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) is essential to measure its resistance to permanent deformation from an applied force. These mechanical ePTFE properties must be comparable to the properties of real tissue. Various hydrophilic comonomers 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAM), and N-vinylcaprolactam were used individually for copolymerization with acrylic acid (AA) to be grafted onto ePTFE using the gamma irradiation-induced grafting method. After surface modification, the hydrophobic and mechanical properties of ePTFE were altered. The water uptake and contact angle measurement showed that the modified ePTFE was less hydrophobic (∼500%, θ < 90°) than the unmodified ePTFE (0%, θ = 140°). Moreover, the mechanical properties of ePTFE changed after the modification process due to the polymer grafted onto the ePTFE surface. The data from mechanical tests, such as Young’s modulus (74–121 MPa), ultimate tensile strength (5–9 MPa), and elongation at break (56–121%), obtained for the sample AA-co-HEMA and AA-co-NIPAAM remain within the ranges and are considered desirable for use as a biomaterial. The mechanical strength correlates well with the percentage of the grafting yield after the modification process and is dependent on the parameters used, such as irradiation dose and type of comonomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Ain Mohd Radzali
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia , 43600 Bangi , Selangor , Malaysia
- Nuclear Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia , 43600 Bangi , Selangor , Malaysia
| | - Norsyahidah Mohd Hidzir
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia , 43600 Bangi , Selangor , Malaysia
- Nuclear Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia , 43600 Bangi , Selangor , Malaysia
| | - Irman Abdul Rahman
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia , 43600 Bangi , Selangor , Malaysia
- Nuclear Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia , 43600 Bangi , Selangor , Malaysia
| | - Abdul Khaliq Mokhtar
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia , 43600 Bangi , Selangor , Malaysia
- Nuclear Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia , 43600 Bangi , Selangor , Malaysia
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Suresh D, Goh PS, Ismail AF, Hilal N. Surface Design of Liquid Separation Membrane through Graft Polymerization: A State of the Art Review. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:832. [PMID: 34832061 PMCID: PMC8621935 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11110832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Surface modification of membranes is an effective approach for imparting unique characteristics and additional functionalities to the membranes. Chemical grafting is a commonly used membrane modification technique due to its versatility in tailoring and optimizing the membrane surface with desired functionalities. Various types of polymers can be precisely grafted onto the membrane surface and the operating conditions of grafting can be tailored to further fine-tune the membrane surface properties. This review focuses on the recent strategies in improving the surface design of liquid separation membranes through grafting-from technique, also known as graft polymerization, to improve membrane performance in wastewater treatment and desalination applications. An overview on membrane technology processes such as pressure-driven and osmotically driven membrane processes are first briefly presented. Grafting-from surface chemical modification approaches including chemical initiated, plasma initiated and UV initiated approaches are discussed in terms of their features, advantages and limitations. The innovations in membrane surface modification techniques based on grafting-from techniques are comprehensively reviewed followed by some highlights on the current challenges in this field. It is concluded that grafting-from is a versatile and effective technique to introduce various functional groups to enhance the surface properties and separation performances of liquid separation membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa Suresh
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia; (D.S.); (A.F.I.)
| | - Pei Sean Goh
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia; (D.S.); (A.F.I.)
| | - Ahmad Fauzi Ismail
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia; (D.S.); (A.F.I.)
| | - Nidal Hilal
- NYUAD Water Research Center, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 129188, United Arab Emirates
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Yamada K, Takada A, Konishi A, Kimura Y, Asamoto H, Minamisawa H. Hexavalent Cr ion adsorption and desorption behaviour of expanded poly(tetrafluoro)ethylene films grafted with 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2021; 42:1885-1898. [PMID: 31631793 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2019.1683612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A new polymeric adsorbent for Cr(VI) ions based on an expanded poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (ePTFE) film was prepared by the combined use of the pretreatment with oxygen plasma and photografting of 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA). The grafting of DMAEMA was characterized by XPS and FT-IR spectroscopic measurements. The adsorption behaviour of DMAEMA-grafted ePTFE (ePTFE-g-PDMAEMA) films was investigated as a function of the experimental parameters, such as the initial pH value, temperature, and grafted amount. The adsorption capacity and initial adsorption rate had the maximum values at the initial pH value of 3.0. On the other hand, the adsorption capacity became almost constant at temperatures higher than 30°C, although the adsorption rate increased over the temperature. The adsorption behaviour obeyed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and well expressed by the Langmuir isotherm equation with higher correlation coefficients. These results indicate that the adsorption of Cr(VI) ions occurs through the electrostatic interaction between protonated dimethylamino groups on a grafted PDMAEMA chain and HCrO4- ions. Cr(VI) ions were successfully desorbed from Cr(VI)-loaded ePTFE-g-PDMAEMA films in the eluents, such as NaCl at 0.50 M, NH4Cl at 0.50M, and NaOH at 1.0 mM, and ePTFE-g-PDMAEMA films were repeatedly used for adsorption of Cr(VI) ions without appreciable loss in the adsorption capacity. It should be noted that Cr(VI) ion adsorptivity with a high initial rate was conferred to the ePTFE films. The results obtained in this study emphasize that ePTFE-g-PDMAEMA films can be applied as an adsorbent for Cr(VI) ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunori Yamada
- Department of Applied Molecular Chemistry, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, Narashino, Japan
| | - Asumi Takada
- Department of Applied Molecular Chemistry, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, Narashino, Japan
| | - Ayako Konishi
- Department of Applied Molecular Chemistry, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, Narashino, Japan
| | - Yuji Kimura
- Department of Applied Molecular Chemistry, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, Narashino, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Asamoto
- Department of Basic Science, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, Narashino, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Minamisawa
- Department of Basic Science, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, Narashino, Japan
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7
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Mohd Hidzir N, Mohd Radzali NA, Abdul Rahman I, Shamsudin SA. Gamma irradiation-induced grafting of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) onto ePTFE for implant applications. NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.net.2020.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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8
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Protein adsorption to poly(tetrafluoroethylene) membranes modified with grafted poly(acrylic acid) chains. Biointerphases 2020; 15:031011. [PMID: 32527100 DOI: 10.1116/6.0000137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein adsorption to biomaterial surfaces is important for the function of such materials with anchorage-dependent cell adhesion requiring the presence of adsorbed proteins. The current study evaluated five solid surfaces with poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) grafted from the surface of a poly(tetrafluoroethylene) membrane with respect to the adsorption of serum albumin (SA), lactoferrin (Lf), and lysozyme (Lys) from a phosphate buffer and NaCl solution or water for specific combinations. With the use of x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, the relative amounts and protein layer thickness were evaluated. SA adsorption was governed by ionic repulsive forces and hydrophobic interactions as evidenced from an increase in the protein adsorption at lower pH (6.5 compared to 7.4) and a correlation with surface coverage when water (pH 6.5) was used as the medium. The adsorption of Lf and Lys followed similar trends for all samples. In general, ionic attractive forces dominated and a strong correlation of increasing protein adsorption with the PAA chain length was evident. This study concluded that all surfaces appear suitable for use in biomaterial applications where tissue ingrowth is desired and that the enhanced protein adsorption in a medium with high ionic strength (e.g., biological fluid) correlates with the PAA chain length rather than the surface coverage.
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9
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Kliewer S, Wicha SG, Bröker A, Naundorf T, Catmadim T, Oellingrath EK, Rohnke M, Streit WR, Vollstedt C, Kipphardt H, Maison W. Contact-active antibacterial polyethylene foils via atmospheric air plasma induced polymerisation of quaternary ammonium salts. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 186:110679. [PMID: 31810045 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Polyethylene (PE) foils were modified with potent contact-active antibacterial quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) by an atmospheric air plasma activation step, followed by graft-polymerisation of vinylbenzyltrimethylammonium chloride (VBTAC) monomers. The presented approach uses a cost efficient air plasma activation and subsequent radical polymerisation in highly concentrated aqueous monomer solutions to generate efficient antibacterial materials. The obtained contact-active poly-VBTAC modified PE foils feature a homogeneous and 300 nm thick polymer layer with a high charge density of approximately 1016 N+/cm2. The antibacterial properties were evaluated against Gram-negative (P. aeruginosa, E. coli) and Gram-positive (S. aureus, S. epidermidis) bacteria. The materials showed strong antibacterial activity by eradicating all the inoculated bacteria with bacterial challenges of 104 to 105 CFU/cm2 and good reductions even at maximum challenge (108 CFU/cm2). We have confirmed contact-activity by an agar diffusion assay. The obtained materials are therefore highly attractive for applications, for example, in packaging and are a contribution to an ecomic and green antimicrobial management without release of biocides to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serge Kliewer
- Universität Hamburg, Department of Chemistry, Bundesstrasse 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian G Wicha
- Universität Hamburg, Department of Chemistry, Bundesstrasse 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Astrid Bröker
- Universität Hamburg, Department of Chemistry, Bundesstrasse 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tim Naundorf
- Universität Hamburg, Department of Chemistry, Bundesstrasse 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tugba Catmadim
- Universität Hamburg, Department of Chemistry, Bundesstrasse 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eva Katharina Oellingrath
- Universität Hamburg, Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Ohnhorststrasse 18, 22609 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Rohnke
- Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Center for Materials Science, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang R Streit
- Universität Hamburg, Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Ohnhorststrasse 18, 22609 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christel Vollstedt
- Universität Hamburg, Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Ohnhorststrasse 18, 22609 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Helmut Kipphardt
- Metall-Chemie Technologies GmbH, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Strasse 93, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Maison
- Universität Hamburg, Department of Chemistry, Bundesstrasse 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.
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10
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Meng X, Ma Z, Ma G, Sheng J. Preparation and rheological study of pentaerythritol triacrylate grafted onto polypropylene induced by air plasma. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao‐Mei Meng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional MaterialsTianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Zhe Ma
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional MaterialsTianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Gui‐Qiu Ma
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional MaterialsTianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Jing Sheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional MaterialsTianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
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11
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Jana S. Endothelialization of cardiovascular devices. Acta Biomater 2019; 99:53-71. [PMID: 31454565 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.08.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Blood-contacting surfaces of cardiovascular devices are not biocompatible for creating an endothelial layer on them. Numerous research studies have mainly sought to modify these surfaces through physical, chemical and biological means to ease early endothelial cell (EC) adhesion, migration and proliferation, and eventually to build an endothelial layer on the surfaces. The first priority for surface modification is inhibition of protein adsorption that leads to inhibition of platelet adhesion to the device surfaces, which may favor EC adhesion. Surface modification through surface texturing, if applicable, can bring some hopeful outcomes in this regard. Surface modifications through chemical and/or biological means may play a significant role in easy endothelialization of cardiovascular devices and inhibit smooth muscle cell proliferation. Cellular engineering of cells relevant to endothelialization can boost the positive outcomes obtained through surface engineering. This review briefly summarizes recent developments and research in early endothelialization of cardiovascular devices. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Endothelialization of cardiovascular implants, including heart valves, vascular stents and vascular grafts is crucial to solve many problems in our health care system. Numerous research efforts have been made to improve endothelialization on the surfaces of cardiovascular implants, mainly through surface modifications in three ways - physically, chemically and biologically. This review is intended to highlight comprehensive research studies to date on surface modifications aiming for early endothelialization on the blood-contacting surfaces of cardiovascular implants. It also discusses future perspectives to help guide endothelialization strategies and inspire further innovations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumen Jana
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
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Czylkowski D, Hrycak B, Sikora A, Moczała-Dusanowska M, Dors M, Jasiński M. Surface Modification of Polycarbonate by an Atmospheric Pressure Argon Microwave Plasma Sheet. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 12:E2418. [PMID: 31362428 PMCID: PMC6696027 DOI: 10.3390/ma12152418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The specific properties of an atmospheric pressure plasma make it an attractive tool for the surface treatment of various materials. With this in mind, this paper presents the results of experimental investigations of a polycarbonate (PC) material surface modification using this new type of argon microwave (2.45 GHz) plasma source. The uniqueness of the new plasma source lies in the shape of the generated plasma-in contrast to other microwave plasma sources, which usually provide a plasma in the form of a flame or column, the new ones provides a plasma in the shape of a regular plasma sheet. The influence of the absorbed microwave power and the number of scans on the changes of the wettability and morphological and mechanical properties of the plasma-treated PC samples was investigated. The mechanical properties and changes in roughness of the samples were measured by the use of atomic force microscopy (AFM). The wettability of the plasma-modified samples was tested by measuring the water contact angle. In order to confirm the plasma effect, each of the above-mentioned measurements was performed before and after plasma treatment. All experimental tests were performed with an argon of flow rate up to 20 L/min and the absorbed microwave power ranged from 300 to 850 W. The results prove the capability of the new atmospheric pressure plasma type in modifying the morphological and mechanical properties of PC surfaces for industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz Czylkowski
- Institute of Fluid Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Sciences, Fiszera 14, 80-231 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Bartosz Hrycak
- Institute of Fluid Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Sciences, Fiszera 14, 80-231 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Andrzej Sikora
- Electrotechnical Institute, Division of Electrotechnology and Materials Science, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 55/61, 50-369 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Magdalena Moczała-Dusanowska
- Electrotechnical Institute, Division of Electrotechnology and Materials Science, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 55/61, 50-369 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Mirosław Dors
- Institute of Fluid Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Sciences, Fiszera 14, 80-231 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Mariusz Jasiński
- Institute of Fluid Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Sciences, Fiszera 14, 80-231 Gdańsk, Poland
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Lee XJ, Show PL, Katsuda T, Chen WH, Chang JS. Surface grafting techniques on the improvement of membrane bioreactor: State-of-the-art advances. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 269:489-502. [PMID: 30172460 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.08.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Membrane bioreactor (MBR) is regarded as the state-of-the-art technology in separation processes. Surface modification techniques play a critical role in improving the conventional membrane system which is mostly hydrophobic in nature. The hydrophobic nature of membranes is known to cause fouling, resulting in high maintenance costs and shorter lifespan of MBR. Thus, surface grafting aims to improve the hydrophilicity of bio-based membrane systems. This review describes the major surface grafting techniques currently used in membranes, including photo induced grafting, plasma treatment and plasma induced grafting, radiation induced grafting, thermal induced grafting and ozone induced grafting. The advantages and disadvantages of each method is discussed along with their parametric studies. The potential applications of MBR are very promising, but some integral membrane properties could be a major challenge that hinders its wider reach. The fouling issue could be resolved with the surface grafting techniques to achieve better performance of MBRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jiat Lee
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, The University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Pau Loke Show
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, The University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Tomohisa Katsuda
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Wei-Hsin Chen
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; Research Center for Energy Technology and Strategy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Jo-Shu Chang
- Research Center for Energy Technology and Strategy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Research Center for Circular Economy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
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14
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Kearns VR, Tasker J, Akhtar R, Bachhuka A, Vasilev K, Sheridan CM, Williams RL. The formation of a functional retinal pigment epithelium occurs on porous polytetrafluoroethylene substrates independently of the surface chemistry. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2017; 28:124. [PMID: 28707136 PMCID: PMC5509835 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-017-5926-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Subretinal transplantation of functioning retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells may have the potential to preserve or restore vision in patients affected by blinding diseases such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD). One of the critical steps in achieving this is the ability to grow a functioning retinal pigment epithelium, which may need a substrate on which to grow and to aid transplantation. Tailoring the physical and chemical properties of the substrate should help the engineered tissue to function in the long term. The purpose of the study was to determine whether a functioning monolayer of RPE cells could be produced on expanded polytetrafluoroethylene substrates modified by either an ammonia plasma treatment or an n-Heptylamine coating, and whether the difference in surface chemistries altered the extracellular matrix the cells produced. Primary human RPE cells were able to form a functional, cobblestone monolayer on both substrates, but the formation of an extracellular matrix to exhibit a network structure took months, whereas on non-porous substrates with the same surface chemistry, a similar appearance was observed after a few weeks. This study suggests that the surface chemistry of these materials may not be the most critical factor in the development of growth of a functional monolayer of RPE cells as long as the cells can attach and proliferate on the surface. This has important implications in the design of strategies to optimise the clinical outcomes of subretinal transplant procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria R Kearns
- Department of Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
| | - Jack Tasker
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Riaz Akhtar
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Akash Bachhuka
- School of Engineering, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, Adelaide, SA, 5095, Australia
| | - Krasimir Vasilev
- School of Engineering, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, Adelaide, SA, 5095, Australia
| | - Carl M Sheridan
- Department of Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Rachel L Williams
- Department of Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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15
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In vitro mineralization of dual grafted polytetrafluoroethylene membranes. Biointerphases 2017; 12:02C413. [PMID: 28565915 DOI: 10.1116/1.4984012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The modification of biomaterials by radiation induced grafting is a promising method to improve their bioactivity. Successful introduction of carboxyl and amine functional groups on the surface of a polytetrafluoroethylene membrane was achieved by grafting of acrylic acid (AA) and 2-aminoethyl methacrylate hydrochloride (AEMA) using simultaneous gamma irradiation grafting. Chemical characterization by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the presence of amine and carboxylate functionalities and indicated that all protonated amines formed ion pairs with carboxyl groups, but not all carboxyl are involved in ion pairing. It was found that the irradiation doses (2, 5, or 10 kGy) affected the grafting outcome only when sulfuric acid (0.5 or 0.9 M) was added as a polymerization enhancer. The use of the inorganic acid successfully enhanced the total graft yield (GY), but the changes in the graft extent (GE) were not conclusive. Dual functional films were produced by either a one- or a two-step process. Generally, higher GY and GE values were observed for the samples produced by the two-step grafting of AA and AEMA. The in vitro mineralization in 1.5× simulated body fluid (SBF) induced the formation of carbonated hydroxyapatite as verified by FITR. All samples showed an increase in weight after mineralization with significantly larger increases observed for the samples which had the 1.5× SBF changed every third day compared to every seventh. For the dual functional samples, it was found that the sample grafted by the one-step method shows a significantly higher increase in weight despite a much lower GY compared to the sample prepared by the two-step method and this was attributed to the different architecture of grafted chains.
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16
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Hidzir NM, Hill DJ, Martin D, Grøndahl L. In vitro mineralisation of grafted ePTFE membranes carrying carboxylate groups. Bioact Mater 2017; 2:27-34. [PMID: 29744408 PMCID: PMC5935022 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro mineralisation in simulated body fluid (SBF) of synthetic polymers continues to be an important area of research as the outcomes cannot be predicted. This study evaluates a series of ePTFE membranes grafted with carboxylate-containing copolymers, specifically using acrylic acid and itaconic acid for grafting. The samples differ with regards to graft density, carboxylate density and polymer topology. The type and amount of mineral produced in 1.5 × SBF was dependent on the sample characteristics as evident from XPS, SEM/EDX, and FTIR spectroscopy. It was found that the graft density affects the mineral phases that form and that low graft density appear to cause co-precipitation of calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate. Linear and branched graft copolymer topology led to hydroxyapatite mineralisation whereas crosslinked graft copolymers resulted in formation of a mixture of calcium-phosphate phases. This study demonstrates that in vitro mineralisation outcomes for carboxylate-containing graft copolymers are complex. The findings of this study have implications for the design of bioactive coatings and are important for understanding the bone-biomaterial interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norsyahidah Mohd Hidzir
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - David J.T. Hill
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Darren Martin
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Lisbeth Grøndahl
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
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17
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Kepa K, Coleman R, Grøndahl L. In vitro mineralization of functional polymers. BIOSURFACE AND BIOTRIBOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bsbt.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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18
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Ren X, Feng Y, Guo J, Wang H, Li Q, Yang J, Hao X, Lv J, Ma N, Li W. Surface modification and endothelialization of biomaterials as potential scaffolds for vascular tissue engineering applications. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:5680-742. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00483c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 359] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This review highlights the recent developments of surface modification and endothelialization of biomaterials in vascular tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangkui Ren
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Chemical Engineering (Tianjin)
| | - Yakai Feng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Chemical Engineering (Tianjin)
| | - Jintang Guo
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Chemical Engineering (Tianjin)
| | - Haixia Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
| | - Qian Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
| | - Jing Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
| | - Xuefang Hao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
| | - Juan Lv
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
| | - Nan Ma
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Free University of Berlin
- D-14195 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Wenzhong Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery
- University of Rostock
- D-18057 Rostock
- Germany
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19
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Hidzir NM, Lee Q, Hill DJT, Rasoul F, Grøndahl L. Grafting of acrylic acid-co-itaconic acid onto ePTFE and characterization of water uptake by the graft copolymers. J Appl Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/app.41482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Norsyahidah Mohd Hidzir
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences; University of Queensland; Brisbane Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - Qianhui Lee
- Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology; University of Queensland; Brisbane Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - David J. T. Hill
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences; University of Queensland; Brisbane Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - Firas Rasoul
- Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology; University of Queensland; Brisbane Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - Lisbeth Grøndahl
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences; University of Queensland; Brisbane Queensland 4072 Australia
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20
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Cassady AI, Hidzir NM, Grøndahl L. Enhancing expanded poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (ePTFE) for biomaterials applications. J Appl Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/app.40533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Ian Cassady
- School of Medical Science; Griffith University; Gold Coast Queensland 4222 Australia
| | - Norsyahidah Mohd Hidzir
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences; University of Queensland; St Lucia Queensland 4072 Australia
- School of Applied Physics; Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia; UKM Bangi Selangor 43600 Malaysia
| | - Lisbeth Grøndahl
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences; University of Queensland; St Lucia Queensland 4072 Australia
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