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Toncheva-Moncheva N, Dimitrov E, Grancharov G, Momekova D, Petrov P, Rangelov S. Cinnamyl-Modified Polyglycidol/Poly(ε-Caprolactone) Block Copolymer Nanocarriers for Enhanced Encapsulation and Prolonged Release of Cannabidiol. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2128. [PMID: 37631342 PMCID: PMC10459144 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study describes the development of novel block copolymer nanocarriers of the phytocannabinoid cannabidiol (CBD), designed to enhance the solubility of the drug in water while achieving high encapsulation efficiency and prolonged drug release. Firstly, a well-defined amphiphilic block copolymer consisting of two outer hydrophilic polyglycidol (PG) blocks and a middle hydrophobic block of poly(ε-caprolactone) bearing pendant cinnamyl moieties (P(CyCL-co-CL)) were synthesized by the click coupling reaction of PG-monoalkyne and P(CyCL-co-CL)-diazide functional macroreagents. A non-modified polyglycidol/poly(ε-caprolactone) amphiphilic block copolymer was obtained as a referent system. Micellar carriers based on the two block copolymers were formed via the solvent evaporation method and loaded with CBD following two different protocols-loading during micelle formation and loading into preformed micelles. The key parameters/characteristics of blank and CBD-loaded micelles such as size, size distribution, zeta potential, molar mass, critical micelle concentration, morphology, and encapsulation efficiency were determined by using dynamic and static multiangle and electrophoretic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. Embedding CBD into the micellar carriers affected their hydrodynamic radii to some extent, while the spherical morphology of particles was not changed. The nanoformulation based on the copolymer bearing cinnamyl moieties possessed significantly higher encapsulation efficiency and a slower rate of drug release than the non-modified copolymer. The comparative assessment of the antiproliferative effect of micellar CBD vs. the free drug against the acute myeloid leukemia-derived HL-60 cell line and Sezary Syndrome HUT-78 demonstrated that the newly developed systems have pronounced antitumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Toncheva-Moncheva
- Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Akad. G. Bonchev” Street., bl. 103A, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (E.D.); (G.G.); (P.P.)
| | - Erik Dimitrov
- Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Akad. G. Bonchev” Street., bl. 103A, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (E.D.); (G.G.); (P.P.)
| | - Georgi Grancharov
- Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Akad. G. Bonchev” Street., bl. 103A, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (E.D.); (G.G.); (P.P.)
| | - Denitsa Momekova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Sofia, 2 Dunav Street, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Petar Petrov
- Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Akad. G. Bonchev” Street., bl. 103A, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (E.D.); (G.G.); (P.P.)
| | - Stanislav Rangelov
- Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Akad. G. Bonchev” Street., bl. 103A, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (E.D.); (G.G.); (P.P.)
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Chountoulesi M, Selianitis D, Pispas S, Pippa N. Recent Advances on PEO-PCL Block and Graft Copolymers as Nanocarriers for Drug Delivery Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:2298. [PMID: 36984177 PMCID: PMC10056975 DOI: 10.3390/ma16062298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(ε-caprolactone) (PEO-PCL) is a family of block (or graft) copolymers with several biomedical applications. These types of copolymers are well-known for their good biocompatibility and biodegradability properties, being ideal for biomedical applications and for the formation of a variety of nanosystems intended for controlled drug release. The aim of this review is to present the applications and the properties of different nanocarriers derived from PEO-PCL block and graft copolymers. Micelles, polymeric nanoparticles, drug conjugates, nanocapsules, and hybrid polymer-lipid nanoparticles, such as hybrid liposomes, are the main categories of PEO-PCL based nanocarriers loaded with different active ingredients. The advantages and the limitations in preclinical studies are also discussed in depth. PEO-PCL based nanocarriers could be the next generation of delivery systems with fast clinical translation. Finally, current challenges and future perspectives of the PEO-PCL based nanocarriers are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Chountoulesi
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Selianitis
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Stergios Pispas
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Natassa Pippa
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
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Gorachinov F, Mraiche F, Moustafa DA, Hishari O, Ismail Y, Joseph J, Crcarevska MS, Dodov MG, Geskovski N, Goracinova K. Nanotechnology - a robust tool for fighting the challenges of drug resistance in non-small cell lung cancer. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 14:240-261. [PMID: 36865093 PMCID: PMC9972888 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.14.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Genomic and proteomic mutation analysis is the standard of care for selecting candidates for therapies with tyrosine kinase inhibitors against the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR TKI therapies) and further monitoring cancer treatment efficacy and cancer development. Acquired resistance due to various genetic aberrations is an unavoidable problem during EGFR TKI therapy, leading to the rapid exhaustion of standard molecularly targeted therapeutic options against mutant variants. Attacking multiple molecular targets within one or several signaling pathways by co-delivery of multiple agents is a viable strategy for overcoming and preventing resistance to EGFR TKIs. However, because of the difference in pharmacokinetics among agents, combined therapies may not effectively reach their targets. The obstacles regarding the simultaneous co-delivery of therapeutic agents at the site of action can be overcome using nanomedicine as a platform and nanotools as delivery agents. Precision oncology research to identify targetable biomarkers and optimize tumor homing agents, hand in hand with designing multifunctional and multistage nanocarriers that respond to the inherent heterogeneity of the tumors, may resolve the challenges of inadequate tumor localization, improve intracellular internalization, and bring advantages over conventional nanocarriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Gorachinov
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Skopje, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Fatima Mraiche
- College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, T6G 2R3 Edmonton, Canada
| | | | - Ola Hishari
- College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Yomna Ismail
- College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Jensa Joseph
- College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Maja Simonoska Crcarevska
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Skopje, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Marija Glavas Dodov
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Skopje, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Nikola Geskovski
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Skopje, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Katerina Goracinova
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Skopje, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia
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Triblock Copolymer Micelles with Tunable Surface Charge as Drug Nanocarriers: Synthesis and Physico-Chemical Characterization. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12030434. [PMID: 35159779 PMCID: PMC8840746 DOI: 10.3390/nano12030434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Polymeric micelles have gained increasing interest as efficient drug delivery systems for cancer treatment and diagnosis. The aim of the present study was to construct and to evaluate novel polymeric nanosized drug carriers with tunable surface charges. Initially, amphiphilic triblock copolymers with predetermined molar mass characteristics were synthesized by applying controlled polymerization techniques. The copolymers self-assembled in aqueous media into core–shell spherical micelles, comprising a biodegradable hydrophobic poly(D,L-lactide) core, positively charged middle layer of poly((2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate), and an outer shell of neutral hydrophilic poly(oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate), with various densities of the short polyether side chains. The block copolymer micelles with average diameters of about 70 nm and surface charges varying from strongly positive to neutral were characterized and loaded with the model, natural, hydrophobic drug curcumin. Characteristics such as drug loading efficiency, in-vitro drug release profiles, and stability under physiological conditions were evaluated and discussed in terms of nanocarriers’ composition. As a result, the most promising candidates for potential application in nanomedicine were identified.
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Sharma D, Satapathy BK. Understanding release kinetics and collapse proof suture retention response of curcumin loaded electrospun mats based on aliphatic polyesters and their blends. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 120:104556. [PMID: 34000581 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The paper aims at designing and fabrication of PLA/PCL blended suture resistant electrospun mats (EMs) encapsulating non-toxic curcumin and optimization of its release behavior, to facilitate its sustained release at the targeted areas, without complexation with any chemical and/or synthetic drug. The release of curcumin from PLA/PCL blended EMs followed a diffusion-controlled mechanism, as evident from the agreement of the experimental release data with Peppas- Korsmeyer, Higuchi, and Kopcha model. The curcumin embedded EMs have effectively rendered a release confirming to a new generalized logarithmic model. PLA/PCL blended EMs have proved to be an excellent carrier system, exhibiting enhanced cumulative curcumin release with an increase in curcumin loading. The evaluation of structural and viscoelastic properties of the fabricated EMs showed an increase in modulus and strength, along with a subsequent decrease in elongation, with an increase in curcumin content. Suture-induced cooperative collapse dynamics the EMs have been found to be a three-stage process involving stable, stable-unstable, and fast-unstable structural failure corresponding to network realignment, lateral pullout/fracture of fibers, and divergent tearing along the crack path. The viscoelastic responses showed a prominent shift in glass transition temperature (Tg) of the PCL phase indicating the development of curcumin-induced microstructural changes attributed to the H-bonding interaction with polymer segments of PLA/PCL-based EMs. Our study demonstrates, functionally efficient designing of PLA/PCL-based curcumin-loaded biodegradable EMs with sustained retention of tunable mechanical properties and hydrophobicity, irrespective of the extent of (in-vitro) curcumin release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Sharma
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India.
| | - Bhabani K Satapathy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India.
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Babić MM, Vukomanović M, Stefanič M, Nikodinović‐Runić J, Tomić SL. Controlled Curcumin Release from Hydrogel Scaffold Platform Based on 2‐Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate/Gelatin/Alginate/Iron(III) Oxide. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202000186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marija M. Babić
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy University of Belgrade Karnegijeva 4 Belgrade 11000 Serbia
| | - Marija Vukomanović
- Jožef Stefan Institute Advanced Materials Department Jamova Cesta 39 Ljubljana 1000 Slovenia
| | - Martin Stefanič
- Jožef Stefan Institute Advanced Materials Department Jamova Cesta 39 Ljubljana 1000 Slovenia
| | - Jasmina Nikodinović‐Runić
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering University of Belgrade Vojvode Stepe 444a Belgrade 11000 Serbia
| | - Simonida Lj. Tomić
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy University of Belgrade Karnegijeva 4 Belgrade 11000 Serbia
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Feng YH, Zhang XP, Zhao ZQ, Guo XD. Dissipative Particle Dynamics Aided Design of Drug Delivery Systems: A Review. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:1778-1799. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Hao Feng
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P.R. China
- Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiao Peng Zhang
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P.R. China
- Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ze Qiang Zhao
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P.R. China
- Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xin Dong Guo
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P.R. China
- Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100029, China
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Toncheva-Moncheva N, Bakardzhiev P, Rangelov S, Trzebicka B, Forys A, Petrov PD. Linear Amphiphilic Polyglycidol/Poly(ε-caprolactone) Block Copolymers Prepared via “Click” Chemistry-Based Concept. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Toncheva-Moncheva
- Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Akad. G. Bonchev St. 103A, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Pavel Bakardzhiev
- Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Akad. G. Bonchev St. 103A, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Stanislav Rangelov
- Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Akad. G. Bonchev St. 103A, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Barbara Trzebicka
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Aleksander Forys
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Petar D. Petrov
- Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Akad. G. Bonchev St. 103A, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Momekova D, Ugrinova I, Slavkova M, Momekov G, Grancharov G, Gancheva V, Petrov PD. Superior proapoptotic activity of curcumin-loaded mixed block copolymer micelles with mitochondrial targeting properties. Biomater Sci 2019; 6:3309-3317. [PMID: 30357130 DOI: 10.1039/c8bm00644j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Targeting tumor cell mitochondria is a prospective strategy for highly effective anticancer therapy. Consequently, the development of potent systems for the targeted delivery of mitochondria-acting therapeutics to mitochondria has the potential to boost this sector of nanomedicine. In this study, a functional mixed micellar system based on two co-assembled triblock copolymers, poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate)-b-poly(ε-caprolactone)-b-poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) bearing triphenylphosphonium ligands (PDMAEMA(TPP+)20-b-PCL70-b-PDMAEMA(TPP+)20) and poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(ε-caprolactone)-b-poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO113-b-PCL70-b-PEO113), was assessed for the mitochondria targeted delivery of curcumin. The high proapoptotic activity of the system and the sub-cellular mechanisms of cytotoxicity were demonstrated using a chemosensitive HL-60 cell line and its resistant alternative HL-60/DOX. Next, the successful localization of nanocarriers in mitochondria was proved by fluorescence microscopy with the aid of DAPI (4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) as a cellular localization tracker. The in vitro experiments revealed the great potential of the functional system developed for the targeted delivery of curcumin to mitochondria, causing programmed tumor cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denitsa Momekova
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav St., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Co-assembly of block copolymers as a tool for developing novel micellar carriers of insulin for controlled drug delivery. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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11
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Haladjova E, Kyulavska M, Doumanov J, Topouzova-Hristova T, Petrov P. Polymeric vehicles for transport and delivery of DNA via cationic micelle template method. Colloid Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-017-4193-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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12
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Battistella C, Klok HA. Controlling and Monitoring Intracellular Delivery of Anticancer Polymer Nanomedicines. Macromol Biosci 2017; 17. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201700022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2017] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Battistella
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); Institut des Matériaux et Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques; Laboratoire des Polymères; Bâtiment MXD; Station 12 CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Harm-Anton Klok
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); Institut des Matériaux et Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques; Laboratoire des Polymères; Bâtiment MXD; Station 12 CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
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13
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Xu Y, Wang S, Chan HF, Liu Y, Li H, He C, Li Z, Chen M. Triphenylphosphonium-modified poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(ε-caprolactone) micelles for mitochondria- targeted gambogic acid delivery. Int J Pharm 2017; 522:21-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.01.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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14
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Dadkhah Tehrani A, Parsamanesh M. Preparation, characterization and drug delivery study of a novel nanobiopolymeric multidrug delivery system. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 73:516-524. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.12.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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16
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Petrov PD, Yoncheva K, Gancheva V, Konstantinov S, Trzebicka B. Multifunctional block copolymer nanocarriers for co-delivery of silver nanoparticles and curcumin: Synthesis and enhanced efficacy against tumor cells. Eur Polym J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2016.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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17
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Babikova D, Kalinova R, Zhelezova I, Momekova D, Konstantinov S, Momekov G, Dimitrov I. Functional block copolymer nanocarriers for anticancer drug delivery. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra19236j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a synthetic strategy towards functional polymer-based nanocarriers for potential anticancer drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Georgi Momekov
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Medical University-Sofia
- 1000 Sofia
- Bulgaria
| | - Ivaylo Dimitrov
- Institute of Polymers
- Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
- 1113 Sofia
- Bulgaria
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