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Candau N, Fernandes JPC, Vasmer E, Maspoch ML. Cellulose nanocrystals as nucleating agents for the strain induced crystallization in natural rubber. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:8663-8674. [PMID: 36349700 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm01291j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Vulcanized natural rubber (NR)/cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) composites with a CNC content of up to 5 wt% using physical blending and dicumyl peroxide crosslinking were prepared. The tensile properties were investigated at slow and high strain rates. The slow strain rate tests revealed an increase of the elastic modulus concomitant with a decrease of strain at the crystallization onset while increasing the CNC fraction. The high strain rate tests performed near adiabatic conditions demonstrated the ability of the CNC to improve the elastocaloric properties of the NR matrix, with an increase of 30% and 15% of heating and cooling capacities, respectively, in the presence of 3 wt% CNC. Such results were ascribed to (i) a higher thermoelastic effect, due to strain amplification in the NR matrix in the presence of CNC and (ii) a nucleating effect of the CNC on strain induced crystallization. This series of materials can be proposed as a promising eco-friendly alternative to conventional carbon black filled rubber as potential green elastocaloric materials (heating pump, cooling machines).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Candau
- Centre Català del Plàstic (CCP) - Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya Barcelona Tech (EEBE-UPC), Av. D'Eduard Maristany, 16, 08019, Spain.
| | | | - Emilien Vasmer
- Centre Català del Plàstic (CCP) - Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya Barcelona Tech (EEBE-UPC), Av. D'Eduard Maristany, 16, 08019, Spain.
| | - Maria Lluisa Maspoch
- Centre Català del Plàstic (CCP) - Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya Barcelona Tech (EEBE-UPC), Av. D'Eduard Maristany, 16, 08019, Spain.
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2
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Candau N, Albiter NL, Coll PR, Maspoch ML. Dynamically vulcanized polylactic acid/natural rubber/waste rubber blends: Effect of the crosslinking agent on the morphology and tensile properties. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Candau
- Centre Català del Plàstic, Departament de Ciència i Enginyeria de Materials Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Barcelonatech Barcelona Spain
| | - Noel León Albiter
- Centre Català del Plàstic, Departament de Ciència i Enginyeria de Materials Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Barcelonatech Barcelona Spain
| | - Pol Roura Coll
- Centre Català del Plàstic, Departament de Ciència i Enginyeria de Materials Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Barcelonatech Barcelona Spain
| | - Maria Lluïsa Maspoch
- Centre Català del Plàstic, Departament de Ciència i Enginyeria de Materials Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Barcelonatech Barcelona Spain
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3
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Candau N, Chenal JM, Lame O, Schouwink P, Michaud V, Plummer CJ, Frauenrath H. Enhanced ductility in high performance polyamides due to strain-induced phase transitions. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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4
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Zhang C, Liu C, Wang L, Zhao Y, Liu G, Wang D. Verification of thermodynamic theories of strain-induced polymer crystallization. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 58:286-289. [PMID: 34881388 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04134g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We studied the crystallization of nearly "homogeneous" polyethylene glycol (PEG) networks prepared by end-crosslinking of tetra-armed PEG. The influence of stretching ratio and strand length on the melting and crystallization temperature was investigated. The relation of melting temperature and elongation ratio verifies the thermodynamic theories of strain-induced polymer crystallization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunbo Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Chang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Guoming Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dujin Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Zhao J, Feng S, Zhang W, Chen W, Sheng J, Yu W, Li L. Strain Rate Dependence of Stretch-Induced Crystallization and Crystal Transition of Poly(dimethylsiloxane). Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyun Zhao
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Film, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Shengyao Feng
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Film, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Film, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Wei Chen
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Film, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Junfang Sheng
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Film, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Wancheng Yu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Film, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Liangbin Li
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Film, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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Poly (Lactic Acid)/Ground Tire Rubber Blends Using Peroxide Vulcanization. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13091496. [PMID: 34066622 PMCID: PMC8124148 DOI: 10.3390/polym13091496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly (Lactic Acid) (PLA)/Ground Tire Rubber (GTR) blends using Dicumyl peroxide (DCP) as a crosslinking agent were prepared with the following aims: propose a new route to recycle wastes rubber from the automotive industry and improve the toughness and impact strength of the inherently brittle bio-based PLA. The GTR were subjected to two types of grinding process (cryo- and dry ambient grinding). Swelling measurements revealed the grinding to be associated with a mechanical damage of the rubber chains, independently on the type of grinding or on the GTR size (from <400 µm to <63 µm). Moreover, the finest GTR contains the largest amount of reinforcing elements (carbon black, clay) that can be advantageously used in PLA/GTR blends. Indeed, the use of the finest cryo-grinded GTR in the presence of DCP showed the least decrease of the tensile strength (−30%); maintenance of the tensile modulus and the largest improvement of the strain at break (+80%), energy at break (+60%) and impact strength (+90%) as compared to the neat PLA. The results were attributed to the good dispersion of both fine GTR and clay particles into the PLA matrix. Moreover, a possible re-crosslinking of the GTR particles and/or co-crosslinking at PLA/GTR interface in presence of DCP is expected to contribute to such improved ductility and impact strength.
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Candau N, Stoclet G, Tahon JF, Demongeot A, Yilgor E, Yilgor I, Menceloglu YZ, Oguz O. Mechanical reinforcement and memory effect of strain-induced soft segment crystals in thermoplastic polyurethane-urea elastomers. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.123708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Candau N, Oguz O, Peuvrel-Disdier E, Bouvard JL, Maspoch ML, Corvec G, Pradille C, Billon N. Effect of the Strain Rate on Damage in Filled EPDM during Single and Cyclic Loadings. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3021. [PMID: 33348679 PMCID: PMC7765841 DOI: 10.3390/polym12123021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of the strain rate on damage in carbon black filled Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer rubber (EPDM)stretched during single and multiple uniaxial loading is investigated. This has been performed by analyzing the stress-strain response, the evolution of damage by Digital Image Correlation (DIC), the associated dissipative heat source by InfraRed thermography (IR), and the chains network damage by swelling. The strain rates were selected to cover the transition from quasi-static to medium strain rate conditions. In single loading conditions, the increase of the strain rate yields in a preferential damage of the filler network while the rubber network is preserved. Such damage is accompanied by a stress softening and an adiabatic heat source rise. Conversely, increasing the strain rate in cyclic loading conditions yields in a filler network accommodation and a high self-heating whose combined effect is proposed as a possible cause of the ability of filled EPDM to limit damage by reducing cavities opening during loading, and favoring cavities closing upon unloading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Candau
- Centre Català del Plàstic (CCP)—Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya Barcelona Tech (EEBE-UPC), Av. D’Eduard Maristany, 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Oguzhan Oguz
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Sabanci University, Orhanli, Tuzla, Istanbul 34956, Turkey;
- Sabanci University Integrated Manufacturing Technologies Research and Application Center & Composite Technologies Center of Excellence, Teknopark Istanbul, Pendik, Istanbul 34906, Turkey
| | - Edith Peuvrel-Disdier
- Mines ParisTech, CEMEF—Centre de Mise en Forme des Matériaux, UMR CNRS 7635, PSL Research University, CS 10207, 06904 Sophia-Antipolis, France; (E.P.-D.); (J.-L.B.); (G.C.); (N.B.)
| | - Jean-Luc Bouvard
- Mines ParisTech, CEMEF—Centre de Mise en Forme des Matériaux, UMR CNRS 7635, PSL Research University, CS 10207, 06904 Sophia-Antipolis, France; (E.P.-D.); (J.-L.B.); (G.C.); (N.B.)
| | - María Lluïsa Maspoch
- Centre Català del Plàstic (CCP)—Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya Barcelona Tech (EEBE-UPC), Av. D’Eduard Maristany, 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Guillaume Corvec
- Mines ParisTech, CEMEF—Centre de Mise en Forme des Matériaux, UMR CNRS 7635, PSL Research University, CS 10207, 06904 Sophia-Antipolis, France; (E.P.-D.); (J.-L.B.); (G.C.); (N.B.)
| | | | - Noëlle Billon
- Mines ParisTech, CEMEF—Centre de Mise en Forme des Matériaux, UMR CNRS 7635, PSL Research University, CS 10207, 06904 Sophia-Antipolis, France; (E.P.-D.); (J.-L.B.); (G.C.); (N.B.)
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Candau N, Oguz O, Peuvrel-Disdier E, Bouvard JL, Pradille C, Billon N. Strain and filler ratio transitions from chains network to filler network damage in EPDM during single and cyclic loadings. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.122435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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10
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Candau N, Oguz O, Peuvrel-Disdier E, Bouvard JL, Pradille C, Billon N. Strain-induced network chains damage in carbon black filled EPDM. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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11
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Grasland F, Chazeau L, Chenal JM, Caillard J, Schach R. About the elongation at break of unfilled natural rubber elastomers. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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12
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Chang J, Lin Y, Chen W, Tian F, Chen P, Zhao J, Li L. Structural origin for the strain rate dependence of mechanical response of fluoroelastomer F2314. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.24817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiarui Chang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer FilmUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Yuanfei Lin
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer FilmUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and TechnologySouth China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Wei Chen
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer FilmUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Fucheng Tian
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer FilmUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Pinzhang Chen
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer FilmUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Jingyun Zhao
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer FilmUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Liangbin Li
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer FilmUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
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Greiner AM, Sales A, Chen H, Biela SA, Kaufmann D, Kemkemer R. Nano- and microstructured materials for in vitro studies of the physiology of vascular cells. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 7:1620-1641. [PMID: 28144512 PMCID: PMC5238670 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.7.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular environment of vascular cells in vivo is complex in its chemical composition, physical properties, and architecture. Consequently, it has been a great challenge to study vascular cell responses in vitro, either to understand their interaction with their native environment or to investigate their interaction with artificial structures such as implant surfaces. New procedures and techniques from materials science to fabricate bio-scaffolds and surfaces have enabled novel studies of vascular cell responses under well-defined, controllable culture conditions. These advancements are paving the way for a deeper understanding of vascular cell biology and materials-cell interaction. Here, we review previous work focusing on the interaction of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and endothelial cells (ECs) with materials having micro- and nanostructured surfaces. We summarize fabrication techniques for surface topographies, materials, geometries, biochemical functionalization, and mechanical properties of such materials. Furthermore, various studies on vascular cell behavior and their biological responses to micro- and nanostructured surfaces are reviewed. Emphasis is given to studies of cell morphology and motility, cell proliferation, the cytoskeleton and cell-matrix adhesions, and signal transduction pathways of vascular cells. We finalize with a short outlook on potential interesting future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra M Greiner
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Zoology, Department of Cell and Neurobiology, Haid-und-Neu-Strasse 9, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- now at: Pforzheim University, School of Engineering, Tiefenbronner Strasse 65, 75175 Pforzheim, Germany
| | - Adria Sales
- Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Department of New Materials and Biosystems, Heisenbergstrasse 3, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Hao Chen
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Zoology, Department of Cell and Neurobiology, Haid-und-Neu-Strasse 9, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Sarah A Biela
- Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Department of New Materials and Biosystems, Heisenbergstrasse 3, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Dieter Kaufmann
- Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Institut für Humangenetik, Albert Einstein Allee 11, 89070 Ulm, Germany
| | - Ralf Kemkemer
- Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Department of New Materials and Biosystems, Heisenbergstrasse 3, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Reutlingen University, Faculty of Applied Chemistry, Alteburgstrasse 150, 72762 Reutlingen, Germany
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