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Raut S, Azheruddin M, Kumar R, Singh S, Giram PS, Datta D. Lecithin Organogel: A Promising Carrier for the Treatment of Skin Diseases. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:9865-9885. [PMID: 38463343 PMCID: PMC10918684 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Skin is the largest organ of the human body, as it protects the body from the external environment. Nowadays, skin diseases and skin problems are more common, and millions of people are affected daily. Skin diseases are due to numerous infectious pathogens or inflammatory conditions. The increasing demand for theoretical research and practical applications has led to the rising prominence of gel as a semisolid material. To this end, organogels has been widely explored due to their unique composition, which includes organic solvents and mineral or vegetable oils, among others. Organogels can be described as semisolid systems wherein an organic liquid phase is confined within a three-dimensional framework consisting of self-assembled, cross-linked, or entangled gelator fibers. These gels have the ability to undergo significant expansion and retain substantial amounts of the liquid phase, reaching up to 99% swelling capacity. Furthermore, they respond to a range of physical and chemical stimuli, including temperature, light, pH, and mechanical deformation. Notably, due to their distinctive properties, they have aroused significant interest in a variety of practical applications. Organogels favor the significant encapsulation and enhanced permeation of hydrophobic molecules when compared with hydrogels. Accordingly, organogels are characterized into lecithin organogels, pluronic lecithin organogels, sorbitan monostearate-based organogels, and eudragit organogels, among others, based on the nature of their network and the solvent system. Lecithin organogels contain lecithin (natural and safe as a living cell component) as an organogelator. It acts as a good penetration enhancer. In this review, first we have summarized the fundamental concepts related to the elemental structure of organogels, including their various forms, distinctive features, methods of manufacture, and diverse applications. Nonetheless, this review also sheds light on the delivery of therapeutic molecules entrapped in the lecithin organogel system into deep tissue for the management of skin diseases and provides a synopsis of their clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushil Raut
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, Dr. DY Patil Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra 411018, India
| | - Mohammed Azheruddin
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, Dr. DY Patil Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra 411018, India
| | - Rajeev Kumar
- Lloyd
Institute of Management and Technology, Plot No. 11, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201306, India
| | - Shivani Singh
- Lloyd
Institute of Management and Technology, Plot No. 11, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201306, India
| | - Prabhanjan S. Giram
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, Dr. DY Patil Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra 411018, India
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at
Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Deepanjan Datta
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
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Hybrid Polylactic-Acid-Pectin Aerogels: Synthesis, Structural Properties, and Drug Release. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15020407. [PMID: 36679286 PMCID: PMC9862002 DOI: 10.3390/polym15020407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound-dressing materials often include other materials stimulating wound healing. This research describes the first formulation of biodegradable hybrid aerogels composed of polylactic acid and pectin. The prepared hybrid material showed a highly porous structure with a surface area of 166 ± 22.6 m2·g-1. The addition of polylactic acid may have decreased the surface area of the pure pectin aerogel, but it improved the stability of the material in simulated body fluid (SBF). The pure pectin aerogel showed a high swelling and degradation ratio after 3 h. The addition of the polylactic acid prolonged its stability in the simulated body fluid from 24 h to more than one week, depending on the amount of polylactic acid. Biodegradable aerogels were loaded with indomethacin and diclofenac sodium as model drugs. The entrapment efficiencies were 63.4% and 62.6% for indomethacin and diclofenac sodium, respectively. Dissolution of both drugs was prolonged up to 2 days. Finally, sodium percarbonate and calcium peroxide were incorporated into the bioaerogels as chemical oxygen sources, to evaluate oxygen generation for potential wound healing applications.
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Trofimchuk ES, Potseleev VV, Khavpachev MA, Moskvina MA, Nikonorova NI. Polylactide-Based Porous Materials: Synthesis, Hydrolytic Degradation Features, and Application Areas. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES C 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1811238221020107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Singh WP, Bhandari S, Singh RS. Organogelators derived from the bisphenol A scaffold. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj02664j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A, a common precursor molecule used in the preparation of some polymers, was investigated as a possible scaffold for the design and synthesis of small-molecule gelators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangkhem P. Singh
- Organic Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Basic Sciences and Social Sciences, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong – 793022, Meghalaya, India
| | - Sanjeev Bhandari
- Physics Division, Department of Basic Sciences and Social Sciences, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong – 793022, Meghalaya, India
| | - Rajkumar S. Singh
- Organic Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Basic Sciences and Social Sciences, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong – 793022, Meghalaya, India
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Wang H, Wang L, Liu C, Xu Y, Zhuang Y, Zhou Y, Gu S, Xu W, Yang H. Effect of temperature on the morphology of poly (lactic acid) porous membrane prepared via phase inversion induced by water droplets. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 133:902-910. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.04.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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He S, Bai H, Bai D, Ju Y, Zhang Q, Fu Q. A promising strategy for fabricating high-performance stereocomplex-type polylactide products via carbon nanotubes-assisted low-temperature sintering. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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