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Investigations of Thermal, Mechanical, and Gas Barrier Properties of PA11-SiO2 Nanocomposites for Flexible Riser Application. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14204260. [PMID: 36297838 PMCID: PMC9610365 DOI: 10.3390/polym14204260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Acidic gas penetration through the internal pressure sheath of a flexible riser tends to cause a corrosive environment in the annulus, reducing the service life of the flexible riser. Nanoparticles can act as gas barriers in the polymer matrix to slow down the gas permeation. Herein, we prepared PA11/SiO2 composites by the melt blending method. The effect of adding different amounts of SiO2 to PA11 on its gas barrier properties was investigated by conducting CO2 permeation tests between 20 °C and 90 °C. As the temperature increased, the lowest value of the permeability coefficient that could be achieved for the PA11 with different contents of SiO2 increased. The composites PA/0.5% SiO2 and PA/1.5% SiO2 had the lowest permeation coefficients in the glassy state (20 °C) and rubbery state (≥50 °C). We believe that this easy-to-produce industrial PA/SiO2 composite can be used to develop high-performance flexible riser barrier layers. It is crucial for understanding riser permeation behavior and enhancing barrier qualities.
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Lu J, Jalali A, Yao J, Ma Q, Yin J, Zhang R, Luo F. Toughness enhancement of polyamide 6,12 with intermolecular hydrogen bonding with
3‐pentadecylphenol. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of High‐efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering Ningxia University Yinchuan China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ningxia University Yinchuan China
| | - Amirjalal Jalali
- Microcellular Plastics Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Jianqi Yao
- State Key Laboratory of High‐efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering Ningxia University Yinchuan China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ningxia University Yinchuan China
| | - Qin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of High‐efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering Ningxia University Yinchuan China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ningxia University Yinchuan China
| | - Jiajie Yin
- State Key Laboratory of High‐efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering Ningxia University Yinchuan China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ningxia University Yinchuan China
| | - Ruiyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of High‐efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering Ningxia University Yinchuan China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ningxia University Yinchuan China
| | - Faliang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of High‐efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering Ningxia University Yinchuan China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ningxia University Yinchuan China
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Clarkson CM, El Awad Azrak SM, Forti ES, Schueneman GT, Moon RJ, Youngblood JP. Recent Developments in Cellulose Nanomaterial Composites. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2000718. [PMID: 32696496 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202000718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose nanomaterials (CNMs) are a class of materials that have recently garnered attention in fields as varied as structural materials, biomaterials, rheology modifiers, construction, paper enhancement, and others. As the principal structural reinforcement of biomass giving wood its mechanical properties, CNM is strong and stiff, but also nontoxic, biodegradable, and sustainable with a very large (Gton yr-1 ) source. Unfortunately, due to the relatively young nature of the field and inherent incompatibility of CNM with most man-made materials in use today, research has tended to be more basic-science oriented rather than commercially applicable, so there are few CNM-enabled products on the market today. Herein, efforts are presented for preparing and forming cellulose nanomaterial nanocomposites. The focus is on recent efforts attempting to mitigate common impediments to practical commercialization but is also placed in context with traditional efforts. The work is presented in terms of the progress made, and still to be made, on solving the most pressing challenges-getting properties that are competitive with currently used materials, removing organic solvent, solving the inherent incompatibility between CNM and polymers of interest, and incorporation into commonly used industrial processing techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlyn M Clarkson
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, 701 West Stadium Ave., ARMS, West Lafayette, IN, 47907-2045, USA
| | - Sami M El Awad Azrak
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, 701 West Stadium Ave., ARMS, West Lafayette, IN, 47907-2045, USA
| | - Endrina S Forti
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, 701 West Stadium Ave., ARMS, West Lafayette, IN, 47907-2045, USA
| | - Gregory T Schueneman
- Forest Products Laboratory, United States Forest Service, Madison, WI, 53726, USA
| | - Robert J Moon
- Forest Products Laboratory, United States Forest Service, Madison, WI, 53726, USA
| | - Jeffrey P Youngblood
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, 701 West Stadium Ave., ARMS, West Lafayette, IN, 47907-2045, USA
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Sessini V, Haseeb B, Boldizar A, Lo Re G. Sustainable pathway towards large scale melt processing of the new generation of renewable cellulose-polyamide composites. RSC Adv 2020; 11:637-656. [PMID: 35423714 PMCID: PMC8693428 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra07141b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Modern society's growing demands for accountable high-performance and more environmentally friendly materials is leading to increased interest and fast development of sustainable polymeric composite materials. New generations of "greener" products originating from renewable resources fulfil emerging requirements of low environmental and health & safety impacts and contribute to diminishing global dependence on fossil feedstock. The preparation of sustainable polymeric composites via reliable and reproducible melt-compounding methods is still challenging but has the potential to yield applicable and market competitive products. This literature survey reviews the current state of research involving the use of cellulosic materials, as bio-sourced and sustainable reinforcement in melt-processed polyamides and focuses on the main hurdles that prevent their successful large-scale melt-compounding. Particular emphasis is dedicated to emerging bio-sourced polyamides fitting the performance of engineering materials and at the same time offering additional interesting properties for advanced applications such as piezoelectricity for transducers, sensors, actuators and energy harvesters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Sessini
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alcalá 28805 Alcalá de Henares Madrid Spain
| | - Bashar Haseeb
- Department of Industrial and Materials Science, Chalmers University of Technology Rannvagen 2A SE-412 96 Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Antal Boldizar
- Department of Industrial and Materials Science, Chalmers University of Technology Rannvagen 2A SE-412 96 Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Giada Lo Re
- Department of Industrial and Materials Science, Chalmers University of Technology Rannvagen 2A SE-412 96 Gothenburg Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center (WWSC), KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56 SE-100 44 Stockholm Sweden
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Younas M, Noreen A, Sharif A, Majeed A, Hassan A, Tabasum S, Mohammadi A, Zia KM. A review on versatile applications of blends and composites of CNC with natural and synthetic polymers with mathematical modeling. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 124:591-626. [PMID: 30447361 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose is world's most abundant, renewable and recyclable polysaccharide on earth. Cellulose is composed of both amorphous and crystalline regions. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are extracted from crystalline region of cellulose. The most attractive feature of CNC is that it can be used as nanofiller to reinforce several synthetic and natural polymers. In this article, a comprehensive overview of modification of several natural and synthetic polymers using CNCs as reinforcer in respective polymer matrix is given. The immense activities of CNCs are successfully utilized to enhance the mechanical properties and to broaden the field of application of respective polymer. All the technical scientific issues have been discussed highlighting the recent advancement in biomedical and packaging field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Younas
- Department of Mathematics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aqdas Noreen
- Institute of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad 38030, Pakistan
| | - Aqsa Sharif
- Institute of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad 38030, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Majeed
- Institute of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad 38030, Pakistan
| | - Abida Hassan
- Institute of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad 38030, Pakistan
| | - Shazia Tabasum
- Institute of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad 38030, Pakistan
| | - Abbas Mohammadi
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Khalid Mahmood Zia
- Institute of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad 38030, Pakistan.
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Zhou X, Liu Y, Du C, Ren Y, Li X, Zuo P, Yin G, Ma Y, Cheng X, Gao Y. Free-Standing Sandwich-Type Graphene/Nanocellulose/Silicon Laminar Anode for Flexible Rechargeable Lithium Ion Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:29638-29646. [PMID: 30091890 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b10066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Freely deformable and free-standing electrodes together with high capacity are crucial to realizing flexible Li-ion batteries. Herein, a lamellar graphene/nanocellulose/silicon (GN/NC/Si) film assembled by interpenetrated GN nanosheets is synthesized via a facile vacuum-assisted filtration approach accompanied by the covalent cross-linking effect of glutaraldehyde. The hybrid film consists of the highly conductive GN matrix as an effective current collector, hydroxylated silicon nanoparticles (Si NPs) embedded uniformly within GN interlayer and NC as adhesive to cross-link GN and Si NPs. When applied as anode, the GN/NC/Si film exhibits a high reversible capacity of 1251 mA h g-1 at 100 mA g-1 after 100 cycles and superior rate capability. More importantly, in the stress-strain test, this film represents robust mechanical strength, which not only provides good flexibility but also accommodates volume change of Si during cycling. By coupling with lithium cobalt oxide as the cathode, the full cell successfully powers a light-emitting diode, even bended and folded, indicating the deformation-tolerant GN/NC/Si film electrode for flexible Li-ion batteries. Therefore, the design of layered nanocomposites will offer the possibility closer to the application of flexible batteries.
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Kim T, Jeon H, Jegal J, Kim JH, Yang H, Park J, Oh DX, Hwang SY. Trans crystallization behavior and strong reinforcement effect of cellulose nanocrystals on reinforced poly(butylene succinate) nanocomposites. RSC Adv 2018; 8:15389-15398. [PMID: 35539463 PMCID: PMC9080038 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra01868e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Biodegradable poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) nanocomposites are polymerized via in situ polymerization of succinic acid (SA) with cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)-loaded 1,4-butanediol (1,4-BD) mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taeho Kim
- Research Center for Industrial Chemical Biotechnology
- Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT)
- Ulsan 44429
- Republic of Korea
- Department of Polymer Engineering
| | - Hyeonyeol Jeon
- Research Center for Industrial Chemical Biotechnology
- Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT)
- Ulsan 44429
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jonggeon Jegal
- Research Center for Industrial Chemical Biotechnology
- Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT)
- Ulsan 44429
- Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Hyun Kim
- Department of Polymer Engineering
- Pukyong National University
- Busan
- Republic of Korea
| | - Hoichang Yang
- Department of Applied Organic Materials Engineering
- Inha University
- Incheon 22212
- Korea
| | - Jeyoung Park
- Research Center for Industrial Chemical Biotechnology
- Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT)
- Ulsan 44429
- Republic of Korea
- Green Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology
| | - Dongyeop X. Oh
- Research Center for Industrial Chemical Biotechnology
- Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT)
- Ulsan 44429
- Republic of Korea
- Green Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology
| | - Sung Yeon Hwang
- Research Center for Industrial Chemical Biotechnology
- Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT)
- Ulsan 44429
- Republic of Korea
- Green Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology
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Oliver-Ortega H, Méndez JA, Mutjé P, Tarrés Q, Espinach FX, Ardanuy M. Evaluation of Thermal and Thermomechanical Behaviour of Bio-Based Polyamide 11 Based Composites Reinforced with Lignocellulosic Fibres. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:E522. [PMID: 30965825 PMCID: PMC6418828 DOI: 10.3390/polym9100522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, polyamide 11 (PA11) and stone ground wood fibres (SGW) were used, as an alternative to non-bio-based polymer matrices and reinforcements, to obtain short fibre reinforced composites. The impact of the reinforcement on the thermal degradation, thermal transitions and microstructure of PA11-based composites were studied. Natural fibres have lower degradation temperatures than PA11, thus, composites showed lower onset degradation temperatures than PA11, as well. The thermal transition and the semi-crystalline structure of the composites were similar to PA11. On the other hand, when SGW was submitted to an annealing treatment, the composites prepared with these fibres increased its crystallinity, with increasing fibre contents, compared to PA11. The differences between the glass transition temperatures of annealed and untreated composites decreased with the fibre contents. Thus, the fibres had a higher impact in the composites mechanical behaviour than on the mobility of the amorphous phase. The crystalline structure of PA11 and PA11-SGW composites, after annealing, was transformed to α' more stable phase, without any negative impact on the properties of the fibres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Oliver-Ortega
- Group LEPAMAP, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Girona, C/M.Aurèlia Capmany, 61, 17003 Girona, Spain.
| | - José Alberto Méndez
- Group LEPAMAP, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Girona, C/M.Aurèlia Capmany, 61, 17003 Girona, Spain.
| | - Pere Mutjé
- Group LEPAMAP, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Girona, C/M.Aurèlia Capmany, 61, 17003 Girona, Spain.
| | - Quim Tarrés
- Group LEPAMAP, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Girona, C/M.Aurèlia Capmany, 61, 17003 Girona, Spain.
| | - Francesc Xavier Espinach
- Design, Development and Product Innovation, Dpt. Organization, Business Management and Product Design, University of Girona, C/M.Aurèlia Capmany, 61, 17003 Girona, Spain.
| | - Mònica Ardanuy
- Departament de Ciència dels Materials i Enginyeria Metal.lúrgica, Secció Enginyeria Tèxtil, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/Colom, 11, 08222 Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain.
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